Iidlwengulo zabantu ziqabile kakhulu eMelika. Enyanisweni, iimeko ezintathu kuphela zonyaka zichazwe ngonyaka, ngokwemiGangatho yokuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye nokuVikela (CDC). Sekunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda izizathu kunye nemingcipheko yee-rabies ukwenzela ukuba unokuzikhusela wena kunye nosapho lwakho kulezi zifo ezisongela ubomi.
IiRabi zisulelo olubangelwa yi-virus ye-genus Lyssavirus .
Ngokuqhelekileyo idluliselwa ngamathambo, i-virus ye-rabies ihlala ingena emzimbeni ngokulunywa ngesilwanyana esetyholwe. Nangona i-rabies yayisoloko ixhaphake ukuxhamla inja, amaxesha amaninzi eUnited States ngoku adibana nokubetha kwiilwane nezinye izilwanyana.
Izinto ezinobungozi eziqhelekileyo
Siyabulela kwizigulane ezixhaphakileyo zezilwanyana (ezinikezelwa ngabantu abasengozini enkulu kunye nalabo basenokuba bavelele kwii-rabies), inani labantu abafayo kwi-rabies e-United States liye lancipha ngokususela ngo-1970.
Ngokutsho kwiphando elipapashwe kwi- Journal ye-American Veterinary Medical Association , yee-4,910 zezilwanyana zezilwanyana zichazwe kwi-US ngo-2016, ukuphahlazeka kwaba ngale ndlela:
- izilwanyana (33.5 ekhulwini)
- ii-raccoons (28.6 iphesenti)
- iimfumba (21.0 ekhulwini)
- izimpungushe (6.4 ekhulwini)
- Iikati (iipesenti ezi-5.2)
- inkomo (1.4 ekhulwini)
- izinja (1.2 ekhulwini)
Ukulandela ukuluma kwezilwanyana, umngcipheko wokuhlakulela i-rabies uphezulu kakhulu xa:
- ukuluma kwenzeka kwindawo yendawo apho i-rabies ikhona
- isilwanyana sibonakala sigula okanye sibonisa ukuziphatha okungavamile
- Isalathisi sezilwanyana sidibana nesilonda okanye iimbumba
Kwezinye iimeko, izilwanyana ezibangelwa yi-rabies zibangelwa ukukhangela kwisilwanyana esetyholwe.
Kwakhona kukho iingxelo zeerbibi ezithunyelwa ngetanga elithelelekileyo elithe lafika emoyeni, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokulwa.
La matyala awanqabile.
Ngokwemfundiso, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukudluliselwa komlwelwe kwabantu kumntu kungenzeka ngokubetha. Nangona kunjalo, le ngcamango ayizange iqinisekiswe.
Ngaphandle kweUnited States
IiRabi zixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe asathuthukayo, apho ukukhwa kweenja kuhlala kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Ngokutsho kwe-World Health Organisation (WHO), amazwe ase-Afrika naseAsia anikezele ngamaphesenti angama-95 e-rabies ukufa emhlabeni jikelele. I-WHO ilinganisela ukuba ukusuleleka kwesifo sobulwelwe kubangelwa amashumi amawaka okufa ngamnye ngonyaka.
E-Australia kunye neYurophu yaseNtshona, i-rabies ye-rabies iyingozi yokwenza impilo yoluntu.
Nangona iilhabhi zichaphazela izilwanyana zasekhaya nakwizilwanyana zasendle, ukubetha kwizinja zasekhaya zijongene nokutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane kuma-99 ekhulwini kwimeko yezidlwengulo zabantu. Izilwanyana zasendle, ezinjengeenkuku kunye nezixongo, nazo zinokukwazi ukusasaza i-virus ye-rabies.
Nangona kunqabile, kuye kwaba neengxelo zeengxaki ze-rabies ezithunyelwa ngokufakelwa kwesigqeba.
Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yakho
Amacandelo okuziphatha
Nangona i-rabies idluliselwa ngokukhutshwa kwezilwanyana ezingavumelekanga, yinto efanelekileyo yokuxubha kwizinto ezinokubangela ukuluma. Ukuze ufeze oko, akufanele ufike okanye utyane inja engaqhelekanga. Kwakhona kulungile ukubeka umgama okhuselekileyo phakathi kwakho kunye nenja ebonisa imiqondiso enjengomzimba onomsila, umsila onzima, intloko ekhuniweyo kunye / okanye iindlebe, okanye ukujonga okukhulu.
Kufuneka ugcine isilwanyana sakho ukuba ungaqhagamshelani naluphi na izilwanyana zasendle.
Iigonya
Nangona izilwanyana ezinjengezilwanyana zasekhaya ngoku zilawulwa phantsi kwe-United States, ii-CDC ziqikelela ukuba izinja ezifika ku-70 kunye namakati angaphezu kwama-250 zichazwe ngokukhawuleza ngonyaka. Uninzi lwalesi silwanyana sasingahlambulukanga kwaye lwasuleleka yi-pop, i-raccoons, iminyango kunye nezinye iintlobo zasendle.
Ukunikezelwa kwezi zibalo, kubalulekile ukugoma izilwanyana zakho ukwenzela ukunciphisa ingozi yomdla wegazi, wena nosapho lwakho kunye nabantu abasemphakathini wakho. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba isilwanyana sakho sifumene ukugonywa okufanelekileyo, khuluma ne-veterinarian yakho ngokukhawuleza.
Ukongeza, unokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-rabies ngokugonywa, ngokukodwa xa usebenza nezilwanyana okanye kwenye indawo yokubeka ingozi okanye uhambo oluya kumazwe anesisindo esiphakamileyo sama-rabies.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. "IiRabi zabantu." Agasti 23, 2017.
> I-Humane Society yase-United States. "Indlela Yokugwema I-Dog Bite." Ekugqibeleni ifike ngo-Apreli 2018.
> Ma X, Monroe BP, Cleaton JM, et al. Ukuhlolwa kweRabies eUnited States ngo-2016. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2018 Apr 15; 252 (8): 945-957.
> Rupprecht C, Kuzmin I, Meslin F. "I-Lyssaviruses kunye ne-rabies: ii-conundrums zangoku, ukukhathazeka, ukuphikisana kunye neengxabano." F1000Res. 2017 Feb 23; 6: 184.
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. "IShidi leNkcazelo yamaRabi." NgoSeptemba 2017.