C. Ukukhulelwa kweNtsholongwane kunzima ukusabalalisa
I-Clostridium difficile ( C. diff ) ibangela izifo zebhaktheriya kwi-colon. Unokuba neebhaktheriya, kodwa ungenayo impawu. Okanye, unako ukufumana iimpawu ezivela kwi-diarrhea epholileyo ukuya kwiimeko ezibi kakhulu, ngezinye izilwanyana ezisongela ubomi (i-colin).
Abantu abaninzi abanesifo sikaClostridium difficile abayi kugula.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba unako ukusasaza isifo ngaphandle kokwazi. Abantu abanokugula kakhulu ngabo bahlala esibhedlele okanye bathabatha amayeza.
Indlela isasazeka ngayo: Esi sifo senzeka xa umntu esethathe i-antibiotiki okanye enezifo ezithile zonyango ezitheleleka yiibhaktheriya. Oku kufuthi kwenzeka xa batshintshela ibhaktheriya kwizinto ezihlambulukileyo ezihlambulukileyo okanye emacaleni abo emlonyeni okanye ekhaleni.
I-Clostridium difficile yi-microbe ekhuselekileyo engenza ama-spores asinda kwiimeko kwiinyanga. Kwizicwangciso zesibhedlele, ii-spores zisasazeka ukusuka kwisigulane ukuya kwisigulane, kunye nabasebenzi basezibhedlele ukunyamezela.
Indlela edala ngayo izifo: Ukwelashwa kwezifo ze-bhakteria kunye ne-antibiotiki ziyakwazi ukubulala ibhaktheriya, ebizwa ngokuba "microflora," ehlala kwikolon yakho. I-microflora ngokuqhelekileyo ikhusela ikholoni yakho, kodwa ekungabikho kwayo, ezinye izifo ezinokusuleleka, ezifana neClostridium difficile ( ephikisana kakhulu neengxaki ezininzi zamagciwane ezinokuthi zithatha indawo yazo kwaye zibangele izifo.
I-Clostridium difficile ivelisa i-toxins eyenza isifo sohudo ngokulimaza iiseli kwikolon, ekhokelela ekwakheni izilonda (izilonda) kwikholoni. Iibhoksi zikhokelela ekuvukeni okukhulu, kwaye iiseli ezifikeleyo eziphefumulayo kunye ne-muscus zingenza "i-pseudomembrane," ephawulekayo kwesi sifo.
Ngo-2006, intsha entsha yeClostridium difficile ibiza i-NAP1, evelisa ama-toxin angaphezu kwama-20 ngaphezu kweminye imimandla, ifunyanwe ibangelwa zizifo ze-colon zokunyuka okukhulu nokufa.
NgoNovemba ka-2008, i-NAP1 yokuxhatshazwa kwayo yayibhalwe ukuba ibe ngamaxesha angama-20 aqhelekileyo ngaphezu kokucinga ngaphambili. (Ubunzima bungabangela uxhaphalo olusukela ngo-2000.)
Ngubani osemngciphekweni? Bonke abantu banokusuleleka, kodwa abantu abaye bathatha ii-antibiotics okanye ezibhedlele basengozini yokufumana isifo esibi. Ezinye izinto eziphakamisa umngcipheko wesifo seClostridium difficile ziquka ukuhlala kwesibhedlele isikhathi eside, iminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, isifo esixinzelelekileyo, kunye nokuhlala kwiindawo zokunyamekela kwexesha elide. Iintsana zincinci ukufumana izifo kuba azichaphazelekanga nge- Clostridium difficile toxins.
Iimpawu kunye neZibonakaliso: Uphawu oluphambili luhudo lwamanzi, kathathu okanye ngaphezulu ngeentsuku ubuncinane iintsuku ezimbini. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya umkhuhlane, isisongela, ukulahleka kwesidlo, kunye nesisu esiswini .
Ukuxilongwa: Izivavanyo eziliqela ziyafumaneka kwiClostridium difficile , kubandakanywa nalabo abafumana iibisiki ezithile kwiisampula zeesitoni kunye neenkcubeko zebhaktheriya kwi-microbe. Ukuxhuma okukhulu kumanani omzimba wegazi omhlophe kungabonakalisa uphawu.
Unyango: Ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla ye-antibiotics, njenge-vancomycin yomlomo okanye i-metronidazole, kucetyiswa. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni isifo sinokubangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwesinye isifo sokulwa neyeza kuqala, kunokufuneka umntu ahlale kwiyeza elimiselweyo.
Unyango olumthembisayo lwezovavanyo , olubizwa ngokuba yi- fecal bacteriotherapy , lubandakanya ukudluliselwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kumntu onempilo ukuguqula ukungalingani kwebhaktheriya emathunjini. I- microbiome enempilo iye yachithwa ngamacrabiyoti kwaye njengoko i-C Diff iyakhula; ukufakelwa kwe-fecal kuvumela i-microbiome entsha ukuba ityalwe.
Ukuxhamlaza kunye neengxaki: Ininzi labantu abafumana izifo zeClostridium difficile ziya kuba nesifo sohudo esilula. Isifo esiqatha, njenge-colitis, sinokuvela kwaye sifuna unyango. Ngaphandle kwonyango, i-colitis ingaba nezifo ezinzulu, ezifana ne-fulminant colitis, efuna ukubonisana ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuthintela: Ngenxa yokuba isifo seClostridium difficile sisenzeka emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-antibiotics, kubalulekile ukukhawulela ukusebenzisa i-antibiotics kunyango lwezifo apho zibalulekile. Ukongezelela, ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo kunye nokukhubazeka kokusingqongileyo kufuneka kwenziwe. Ukusetyenziswa kwesandla sokunxiliswa kotywala akusiyikucima i-C. sp spores, ngoko ukuhlamba izandla kubaluleke kakhulu.
Imithombo:
Ulwazi olubanzi malunga neClostridium difficile Infections. Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo.
Inkcazo yezoNyango kaZwelonke yeZonyango kwi- Clostridium difficile Survey. . APIC Research Foundation.
Salyers AA kunye noW Whitt DD. I-Pathogenesis yeBhakteria: Indlela yeModeli. © 1994, American Society for Microbiology, eWashington, DC. iphe. 282-289.
Sunenshine RH noMcdonald LC. I-Clostridium difficile- izifo ezinxulumene: Iingxaki ezintsha kwi-pathogen ekhoyo. I-Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 2006; 73: 187.