I-mononucleosis (i-mono) echaphazelekayo yimeko edlalwa yi-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) okanye, ngokuqhelekileyo, i- cytomegalovirus (CMV) . Ngezinye izikhathi uMono ubizwa ngokuba "isifo sokubanga" kuba sisasazeka ngomnxeba kunye nobudlelwane obusondeleyo. Iimpawu zesifo somqala, i-lymph glands, i-tonsils ekhulisiwe, kunye nokukhathala okukhulu kuninzi ngokubhekiselele kubaselula kunye nabaselula kwaye banokuhlala kwisigidi ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini, nangona umntu angathatyathwa ngentsholongwane kwiinyanga eziliqela.
UMono uphathwe ngokuphumla kunye nokunyamekela iimpawu.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu ze-mono zingahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu kwaye zingabandakanya ezinye okanye zonke ezi zinto zilandelayo, ezinokuthi zivele kumaxesha ahlukeneyo ngexesha lokugula:
- Ukukhathala (ngokuqhelekileyo ngokweqile)
- Umlilo wee-degrees eziyi-100 ukuya kuma-degrees ayi-103 obonakala ngakumbi ebusuku
- Umqala obuhkungu
- Ukukhupha i-lymph glands eentanyeni kunye neentambo
- Iibhokhwe ezivuyiweyo ezinokuthi zingabi nazintlu ezimhlophe
- Isibindi sokuvuvukala okanye ipeni
- Intlungu zesisu
- Intloko
- Jaundice
- Rash
- Ukunciphisa ukutya
Xa abantwana abaselula banokusuleleka nge-mononucleosis, iimpawu zabo zingaphantsi kwaye zingabandakanya ukunyusa nokunyamekela. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iitoni ziyakwazi ukuvuvukala ngokwaneleyo ukuze zidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlele.
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-mono zingafanelana ngokugqithisileyo nomsiza- ezifuna ukuphathwa ngamachiza-antibiotics-kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha. Kufuneka uhambe kwigumbi lokuxakeka ukuba awukwazi ukugwinya okanye ube nomkhuhlane ophezulu ongakwazi ukulawula.
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, i-mono inokubangela iingxaki zentliziyo, ngoko ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba unentlungu yesifuba, ukuphefumula ubunzima, okanye nayiphina impawu ze-cardiovascular. Xhalela ugqirha wakho nayiphi na enye into echaphazelekayo okanye engabonakaliyo ye-mono.
Izizathu
Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr yimbangela ebalulekileyo ye-mono , kodwa intsholongwane ka- cytomegalovirus (CMV) ingavelisa njengesifo esifanayo.
Kukho nezinye iindiza ezithathelwanayo ezivelisa izifo ezifana ne- Toxoplasma gondii . Iimpawu zivama ukuvelisa ezine ukuya kwiiveki ezintandathu emva kokuba unesifo sengculaza.
Ngama-5 ubudala, malunga nesiqingatha sabantwana basulelekile nge-EBV, kaninzi banemiqondiso embalwa okanye engekho. Phantse ama-95 ekhulwini labantu abadala bahlaselwe yi-EBV. Abantu abadala nabaselula abangenayo intsholongwane njengomntwana basengozini yokuphuhlisa iimpawu ze-mononucleosis.
Intsholongwane ngokusasazeka ngokusasaza kunye noqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo. Ngaphandle kokumanga, kunokusasazeka ekuphuzeni izindebe nokutya izitya. Ikwasasazeka ngamanye amaninzi emzimbeni afana ne-mucus, igazi, umlenze, kunye nemigca. Abantu bahlala bexhatshazwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokusuleleka.
Intsholongwane ayisayi kuhamba kodwa iphela. Inokukwazi ukuqhuba kwakhona xa isistim somzimba sakho siphelile. Unokuthi unganisekile (nge "ukuchitha" intsholongwane) kwaye unako ukusasaza i-EBV kwabanye.
Ukuxilongwa
Kubalulekile ukufunyanwa ngugqirha kuba iimpawu zifana nezinye izifo ezinemirhumo eyahlukeneyo yonyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kufaka uvavanyo olunzulu ngaphambi kokuyalela umsebenzi wegazi okanye ukuchaza unyango.
Uya kukhangela i- lymph nodes evuvukileyo entanyeni kunye neetoni ezivuvukileyo , ezinokuthi zigqutywe kumhlophe. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ugqirha unokukwazi ukuvakalelwa isibindi okanye ipeni xa ukhupha isisu sakho.
Ukuba ugqirha ugxeka i-mono, unokuyalela umyalelo wegazi oza kuthi wambile umlinganiselo ophezulu ngaphezu kweelwimi zegazi ezimhlophe (iiseli ezilwa nentsholongwane). I-Mono idla ngoxilongo ngeempawu zakho okanye ngokuvavanya amanqanaba akho omntu wokulwa no-EBV okanye i-CMV.
Unyango
Ekubeni ukugula kubangelwa yi-virus, unyango lujoliswe ekulawuleni iimpawu . Akukho nonyango okanye ugonyo lwe-mono.
Kufuneka uqale uzive ungcono emva kweentsuku ezili-10, nangona kungathabatha ixesha elide kwiinyanga ezintathu ukufumana ngokugcwele.
Ukunyamekela ngumbono kubandakanya ukwenza ezi zinto:
- Fumana amaninzi okuphumla, ubuncinane iiyure ezisibhozo ngobusuku.
- Phuza ubuninzi be-non-caffeinated fluids kwaye ugweme utywala, njengokuba isibindi sakho sisenokutsha.
- Ukulawula intlungu yomlomo , zama amanzi anetyuwa afudumele okanye unamise kwi-lozenge yomqala. Amanzi amanzi afana nawo anokunceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokuvuvukala.
- Iipilisi ezingaphezu kwe-counter- tyterol (i-acetaminophen) kunye ne-Motrin (ibuprofen) ziwusizo ekunciphiseni umkhuhlane kunye nokuphatha intlungu yomlomo . Xhumana nogqirha wakho okanye ummeseli ngaphambi kokudibanisa amachiza amaninzi kunye neyeza.
- Imigqaliselo ayifanelekanga, kodwa i-corticosteroids ingasetyenziselwa ukuba i-tonsils ikhulise kangangokuthi ivimba ukuphefumula nokugwinya.
- Gwema imidlalo yokudibanisa uze ufumane kwakhona; ezo zinto zinokubangela ukuba ipenti ebanzi iphule.
ILizwi
Ukufumana i-mono inokuphazamisa ubomi bakho, kubandakanywa nezibopho zesikolo okanye umsebenzi. Kunokudinakalisa ukuziva ukhathala kunye nentlungu kwaye ungenayo ipilisi elula ukuyithatha loo nto iya kuyiphilisa ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko, unokuziva uphefumulelwe ukuba ubuyele kwisimo sakho esiqhelekileyo njengoko iimpawu zakho ziqala ukuphazamiseka. Khumbula ukuba umzimba wakho usalwa njengoko uqala ukuziziva ungcono. Ungazichukumisi. Ukunyamekela ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo nokugcina ukutya okunomsoco kuyakunceda umzimba wakho uthintele intsholongwane kwaye uphumelele kwesi siqhelo.
> Imithombo:
> Epstein-Barr Virus ne-Infonous Mononucleosis. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/about-mono.html.
> I-Mononucleosis. IYunivesithi yezeMpilo eNyuvesi yaseMichigan. https://www.uhs.umich.edu/mono.
> Mononucleosis. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000591.htm.