I-Chlamydia iyintsholongwane yesifo esithathelwana ngesondo esingaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, i-chlamydia inokubangela iingxaki ezinokubangela ukuba kungabikho ntsholongwane kunye nezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo. Ngelishwa, akukho vavanyo lwekhaya ongayisebenzisa ukuyifumana, kwaye iimpawu ze-chlamydia aziqwalaselwe njengobungqina bentsholongwane. Ukuvavanya nge-swab ye-urethral, i-swab yomlomo wesibeleko okanye i-vagin, okanye uvavanyo lwemvino lunokumisela ukuba unesifo kwaye ufuna unyango.
I-Self-Checks
Sithetha ngokuzitshekisha kuphela ukugxininisa ukuba i-chlamydia inokuthi ifumaneke ngokufanelekileyo kwiklinikhi kunye neemvavanyo ezithile zebhabhi. Unokujonga iimpawu ze-chlamydia , kwaye zilungile ukuba ziqaphele. Kodwa kukho ukugqithana okukhulu phakathi kwabo kunye neyezinye iimeko zonyango.
Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba uninzi lwabantu abanalo iimpawu nge-chlamydia. Amaphesenti ama-5 kuphela ukuya kuma-30 ekhulwini kwabasetyhini kunye neepesenti ezili-10 zamadoda baya kuba neempawu ngokusuleleka.
IiLabs kunye novavanyo
Kukho iimvavanyo ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokwenziwa ukuba zikhangele ubukho be-chlamydia. Ezi zinokuthi zenziwe xa unempawu okanye njengendlela yokuhlola ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba usebenza ngokwesondo.
Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo
Iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zivavanyo ze-nucleic acid zokukhulisa (ii-NAATs). Ezi zi no kuqhutywa kwi:
- I-urine specimen
- I-sware ye-Urethral (amadoda)
- I-swab endocervical (abafazi)
- I-swab ye-vaginal (abafazi)
Oogqirha kunye neeklinikhi bafani naziphi iimvavanyo abazikhethayo.
Kunokwenzeka ukuvavanya i-chlamydia kwisampuli yomchamo. Nangona kunjalo, akubona bonke oogqirha abakulungele ukuhlola iimvini kubasetyhini. Uninzi lwezonyango zonyango lukhetha ukusebenzisa iisampuli zomlomo wesibeleko, njengoko ziye zacingelwa ngokusesikweni ukuba zinike iziphumo ezichanekileyo.
Oko kwathiwa, ukuba ungeke ufumane uvavanyo lwe-chlamydia ukuba ludinga i-swab, cela umchamo wokuvota.
Kungenokuba yithembeke njenge-swab, kodwa kuseyivavanyo elihle kakhulu.
Qaphela ukuba uluhlu olungenhla lweemvavanyo alubandakanyi iP smear . Ukuba unesivivinyo somzimba esandul 'utsha, esimele sibe nelo vavanyo njengoluhlobo oluqhelekileyo, ungacingi ukuba uhlolwe i-chlamydia; iPap ayikwazi ukufumana ibhaktheriya ehambelana nayo.
Ngokufanayo, ukuba uhlolwe ngesifo esinye isifo / isifo, ungacingi ukuba uhlolwe i-chlamydia. Akukho kuphela i-chlamydia efuna ukuvavanywa kwayo, kodwa unyango lwezinye i-STIs / STD alinakusebenza kunye ne-chlamydia.
Yintoni ongayilindela
Indlela eyahlolwa ngayo oogqirha kwi-chlamydia ihluke kakhulu kwabesetyhini namadoda. Oku kungenxa yeendawo apho i-chlamydia echaphazelayo kwisini ngasinye.
- Abasetyhini: I-gynecologist yakho iya kusebenzisa i-speculum ukujonga umlomo wakho wesibeleko. Uya kufumana isampuli kwintsholongwane yakho usebenzisa i-swab encinci, eya kuthi ithunyelwe kubhobho.
Ngokuqhelekanga, i-swab yesisu ingenziwa. Uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba i-swabs zangasese abafazi abazenzayo ngokwabo zichanekileyo (ukuba akukho ngaphezulu) kunezo zenziwa ngabaqeqeshi bezempilo. Oku kuthethi, kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha uya kuncomela ukuba enze i-swab, nokuba i-endocervical or vaginal.
Ukuba ukhetha ukuvavanya umchamo, qiniseka ukuba uze kwiofisi yakho yezobugcisa kunye ne-bladder epheleleyo.
- Amadoda: Ugqirha uza kukucela isampuli yomchamo okanye uqoke isampula ngaphakathi kwintloko yentloko yakho usebenzisa i-swab encinci. Esi sampuli sithunyelwa kwibhule yokuhlalutya. Akunabo bonke oogqirha benza iimvavanyo zomchamo ze-chlamydia. Nangona kunjalo, ufanele uzive ukhululekile ukubuza ukuba okanye awufumani uvavanyo lwemvini ye-chlamydia. Unokubiza nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili ukuba ubone ukuba ukuhlolwa komchamo kuyatholakala.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Chlamydia kuphucula, kwaye iimvavanyo zivame ukubuyela emva kweeyure ezimbalwa nje, ukuvumela unyango olukhawulezileyo lwezifo.
I-Swaps ye-Oral and Oral
I-swabs ye-Rectal kunye ne-swabs yomlomo nayo ingacingelwa ngalabo abanesondo esilumkileyo esilumkileyo okanye isondo somlomo olungakhuselekanga .
Umqeqeshi wakho wezempilo unokugqiba ukukhetha ukunika uvavanyo oluthile, kodwa kukulungile ukuba azi malunga nale mbali kungakhathaliseki.
Ayikho i-swab yomlomo okanye i-oral swab okwangoku ivunyiwe ukuvavanywa, kodwa uphando lubonisa ukuba ukwenza le mvavanyo yangaphandle kubalulekile. Ngokomzekelo, uphando lwango-2017 lubonise ukuba phakathi kwendoda elalana namadoda (i-MSM), iipesenti ezingama-13 zine-infection chlamydia yangama-rectal kodwa i-3.4 pesenti kuphela yayine-swab e-positive. Kuyabasetyhini (kwindawo yasezidolophini e-United States), ama-3.7 ekhulwini atholakala enokusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Abo bangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 babekho iziganeko eziphezulu zokusuleleka kwintsholongwane.
Izikhokelo
Okwangoku kunconywa ukuba abafazi abasebenza ngokwesondo abaneminyaka engama-25 nangaphantsi banokwenkcenkceshwa ngonyaka we-chlamydia. Oku kuya kwenziwa ngexesha elifanayo njengeP smear yonyaka. Unokucetyiswa rhoqo ngokucwangcisa kunokucetyiswa kubantwana abaselula.
Kwabafazi abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-25 , ukuhlolwa kwonyaka kufuneka kwenziwe kwintengo engaphezu kwengozi, njengaleyo inomlingani omtsha, amaqabane amaninzi, okanye ngokukodwa, ukuba unomntu oye waba ne-STD.
Ukuhlolwa kwenkcazo kuye kwafumanisa ukuba kuyasebenza kwaye kunciphise kakhulu ingozi yowesifazane ophuhlisa isifo sokuvuvukala kwe- pelvic (PID ). Ekubeni i-PID ingakhokelela ekungabikho kwengqondo, phakathi kwezinye iingxaki, oku kuphawuleka kakhulu.
Amadoda abelana ngesondo kunye namadoda (i-MSM) kufuneka ahlolwe ubuncinane ngonyaka (zombini iziza zesini kunye namacandelo angama- rectal of exposure). Kwabo abane-HIV okanye amaqabane amaninzi, ukucoca kufuneka kwenziwe kwinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu. Uphononongo olwenziwa ngo-2013 lufumene ukuba ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwe-MSM kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-chlamydia kunye ne-HIV ngama-15 ekhulwini kunye ne-4 ekhulwini, ngokulandelanayo. (I-Chlamydia yandisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka ngu-HIV.)
Ngelixa zikho iingcebiso ezicacileyo zendoda engqingileyo , ukucoca kufuneka kucingwe ngqalelo. Abafazi ababini ngokuphindaphindiweyo njengabesilisa abafunyaniswa ne-chlamydia, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuvavanya ngamadoda. Kuze kubekwe izikhokelo, amadoda angaphandle kobudlelwane obude bexesha elide kufuneka acele ukuvavanywa, mhlawumbi rhoqo ngonyaka, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo njengoko kufuneka.
Ukucela uvavanyo
Kukho izizathu ezenza ukuba oogqirha bahluleke ukuvavanya ii-STD- kwaye kutheni ufuna ukuqala ingxoxo uze ucele uvavanyo. Ngaphandle kwesikhokelo sokuhlola, indawo ezininzi azifunyanwanga kwaye zingabonakali.
Qinisekisa ukuba ucele uvavanyo lwe-chlamydia, ngakumbi ukuba omnye wabahlobo bakho ufumene ukuba unesifo se-STI / STD, okanye ukuba usebenza ngesondo ngaphandle kwexesha elide lobudlelwane bomtshato.
Abaninzi banamahloni kulolu vavanyo ngenxa yemvakalelo abaya kugwetywa ngayo ngembali yabo yesondo. Yazi ukuba i-chlamydia ixhaphake kakhulu kwaye ifumaneka kubantu abavela kuzo zonke iindlela zokuphila. Kuthatha kuphela intlanganiso yesini kunye nomntu oyedwa ophethe ibhaktheriya ukuphuhlisa intsholongwane.
Ukuba ukucela unonophelo lwakho lwezempilo ukuba luvivinye kunzima kuwe, qwalasela izicwangciso zabanye zokuhambisa umxholo . Yaye ukuba ucela kwaye ungayithandi impendulo oyifumanayo, qwa lasele ukufumana uncedo olutsha lwezempilo.
Iziphumo kunye nokuLandela-Ups
Ukuba unayo uvavanyo oluhle, kubalulekile ukuthetha nawaphi na amaqabane olwabelana ngesondo oye waba nazo kwiinyanga ezimbini ezidlulileyo kwaye ucebise ukuba babone ugqirha ukuvavanya kunye nonyango.
Njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lweemvavanyo zebhabhi, kukho iiphene. Nangona ubuchule beemvavanyo ze-chlamydia ezisetyenzisiweyo namhlanje zilungile, zisenokuba ziphosakele izifo (kubangelwa imilinganiselo yamanga). Oko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ukuba unayo impawu, kufuneka ulandele ugqirha wakho-nokuba unesiphumo esibi.
Kukho umngcipheko omncinci weziphumo ezingamanga, apho umntu enokuhlolwa kwesifo se-chlamydia kodwa engenayo intsholongwane. Oku kukukhathazeka kakhulu ngokubanzi, njengokuba abaninzi abantu bayanyamezela unyango lwe-chlamydia kakuhle, kwaye baphatha kakubi abantu abambalwa abangenaso isifo kunokuba balahleke abo benzayo.
Ukuvavanya kwakhona emva kokunyanga
Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka babuyelwe emva kweeveki ezintathu emva kokuba unyango luzaliswe. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo basemngciphekweni omkhulu kufuneka baqwalasele kwakhona ukuvavanywa kwakhona kwi-trimester yesithathu.
Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo nabani na abaneempawu eziqhubekayo kufuneka bahlolwe kwakhona. Ukusulela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kunokwenzeka, kwaye amaninzi amatyala atholakala emva kokuba unyango lubangelwa yile nzekayo, kunokungaphumeleli kwonyango ngokwayo. Ukuvavanywa kwakhona malunga neenyanga ezintathu emva kokuba unyango lwe-chlamydia lucetyiswa kuba bobabini nabasetyhini, nokuba nabo baziyo amaqabane abo baphathwa.
Ukuxilongwa okuhlukeneyo
Ukukhutshwa kwamagciwane kubasetyhini kunobangela obuninzi, ukusuka kwi-bacterial vaginosis ukuya kwizifo zesilonda, kwi-chlamydia, kwiinguqu ze-hormonal. Ngokufanayo, kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweemeko ezingabangela intlungu ngokulala, ukuphuma kwegazi phakathi kwexesha okanye ukulala, kunye nokunye.
Kuba bobabini nabasetyhini, intlungu kunye nokutshisa ukucoca kungabangela ezininzi izinto ezinokubakho, kuquka ukusuleleka kwe-bladder nezinye i-STD.
Ngoko ke, ngelixa uchwepheshe wezempilo unokrektha umcimbi omnye okanye omnye, ukuba ubonisa iimpawu, zonke iimvavanyo zeebhanki zibalulekile ukwenza uhlaziyo oluchanekileyo lwe-chlamydia nokukhetha unyango olufanelekileyo. Ukongezelela, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu abe ne-chlamydia kunye nesinye isifo ngexesha elinye, kwaye ukuvavanya kunokunceda ukukhetha ukuba ngaba kunjalo.
Sineemvavanyo ezintle zokufumana i-chlamydia, kwaye xa zithembekileyo, unyango olufanelekileyo lokunyanga intsholongwane. Kodwa ngaphandle kokuxilongwa, unyango aluyenzeki, kwaye ngaphandle kokonyango, iingxaki ezinjenge-infertility zingenzeka.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. Iphepha le-Chlamydia-CDC (Inkcukacha). Updated 10/04/17. https://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/stdfact-chlamydia-detailed.htm
> Frati, E., Fasoli, E., Martinelli, M. et al. Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo: I-Novel Strategy Screening Isicwangciso sokuphucula iMpilo yabasetyhini kwiindawo ezixhatshazwayo. I-International Journal ye-Molecular Sciences . 2017 Juni 20; 18 (6). pii: E1311.
> Kiridou, M., Vriend, H., Lugner, A. et al. Ukumodareyitha impembelelo yeClamydia Screening ekuhanjisweni kwe-HIV phakathi kwala madoda alalana nabantu. IiMBC ezithathelwanayo . 2013. 13 (1L: 436.
> Lunny, C., Taylor, D., Hoang, L. et al. I-Self-Collected Versus I-Clinic-Iqokelelwa Iisampuli zeClamydia kunye neGonorrhea UkuCoca: UkuHlola okuHlolo kunye neMeta-Uhlalutyo. PLoS One . 2015. 10 (7): e0132776.
> Mustanski, B., Feinstein, B., Madkins, K., Sullivan, P., noG. Swann. Ubuninzi kunye neengozi zoThatshulo olusuka kwi-Sexually Transmitted Infections Ezivela kwiisampula eziziqokeleleyo phakathi kwaBaselula Abalala Ngabantu Ababandakanyekayo kwi-Keep It Up! I-2.0 Ilungelo lokuLawula ngokuLungisiweyo. Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo . 2017. 44 (8): 483-488.
> Van Der Pol, B., Williams, J., Fuller, D., Taylor, S., kunye E.Hook. Uvavanyo oludibeneyo lwe-Chlamydia, iGonorrhea kunye ne-Trichomonas ngokusetyenziswa kwe-BD Max CT / GC / i-Assay ye-TV kunye neendidi ze-Genitourinary Specimen Types. Umbhalo we-Clinical Microbiology . 2016. 55 (1): 155-164.