Nangona kunokwenzeka ukufumana iintsholongwane zokuphefumula eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo ezimbalwa zentsholongwane ngamnye kunyaka, abaninzi abantwana banamajoni omzimba omzimba.
Abanye abakho.
Yaye la bantwana abangenayo i-immunosuppressed ayenobungozi obuninzi bokungenwa kwezifo, eziquka izifo ezikhuselwe ukugonya.
Abantwana abane-Primary Immunosuppression
Kukho ubuncinane imiqathango engama-250 engabangela iingxaki ze-immune.
Ezi zixhobo eziphambili ze-immunodeographical, ezibangelwa yimizimba yemfuza kunye nengxaki ephambili enesistim somzimba ngokwawo, singabandakanya:
- Ulwaphulo lwe-Antibody - i-agammaglobulinemia enxulumene ne-X, i-immunodeficiency ye-variable eguqukileyo, i-IgA yokuntuleka, kunye ne-IgG ye-subclass deficiency, njl.
- Izifo ezinokukhubazeka - izifo ezikhutheleyo ze-immunodeficiency (SCID), i-DiGeorge syndrome, i-Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, kunye ne-ataxia-telangiectasia, njl.
- Izifo ezikhuselweyo ze-immune - isifo esingasasigxina se-granulomatous, i-hyper IgE syndrome, i-leukocyte yokunamathela, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-myeloperoxidase, njl njl.
Ziyafana kangakanani le miqathango?
Mhlawumbi ziqhelekile kunokuba abantu abaninzi bacinga, yingakho kubalulekile ukukhangela iimpawu zokulumkisa ze-immunodeficiency xa umntwana wakho ubonakala egula kakhulu, kuquka:
- kuba nezifo ezikhuselekileyo ezifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele okanye i-antibiotics ezinomdla, endaweni ye- antibiotic yomlomo
- ukusuleleka kwiindawo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezibangelwa yintsholongwane engavamile okanye engavamile, ibhaktheriya, okanye i-fungus, njl njl.
- ukuba nezifo eziqhubekayo ezingabonakali ziphela
- ukuba unesifo esichaphazelayo
- ukuba namanye amalungu entsapho aneengxaki ezifanayo kunye nezifo ezinzulu
Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2007 eUnited States lubonisa ukuba "amazinga amaninzi e-PID afunyenwe njenge-1 kwi-2,000 yabantwana, 1 kwi-1,200 kubo bonke abantu, kunye neyoku-1 kumakhaya angama-600." Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba amazinga okukhula aphezulu.
I-Immunosuppression Press
Ukongeza kwii-primary immunodeographical, abantwana bangakwazi ukufumana iimpawu zokuzikhusela ezingasesekondari, apho enye imeko ichaphazela isistim somzimba somntwana.
Ezi zixhobo zokuzikhusela ezingasese ziquka:
- Izifo , njenge-HIV
- Imiphumo emibi yezobisi - ukusuka kwi-chemotherapy ekunakekeleni abantwana abanomdlavuza we-methotrexate ye-arthritis kunye ne-prednisone ye-nephrotic syndrome, abantwana abaninzi basengozini yokukhuselwa ngenxa yokokuba amayeza ayithatha enza kube nzima ukuba umzimba wabo ulwe nezifo
- Izimo ezingapheliyo , ezibandakanya isifo sikashukela, esichengeni kakhulu umkhuhlane , kunye nokungaphumeleli kwezintso / i-dialysis
- Abantwana abane- asplenia (ayikho ipeni) okanye i-asplenia esebenzayo (i-spleen engasebenzi kakuhle) - ingaba ibangelwa isifo se-sickle cell, i-spherocytosis yefa, okanye i-pleen yabo isuswe emva kokuxhwaleka, la bantwana basemngciphekweni wobomi- ezisongela iintsholongwane zebhaktile, ngakumbi i-Hib, i-Neiserria meningitis, iStreptococcus pneumonia, njl njl.
- Ukungondleki kakhulu
Zingaphi iintsana ezikhoyo kunye nalezi ntlobo ze-immunodeographical?
Nangona kungabonakali ukuba kukho na manani aneleyo ngokubanzi kweendlela zokuzikhusela ezingasesekondari, ziya kuquka:
- Abantwana abangaba ngu-10 000 nabaselula abaphila ne-HIV
- Abantwana abangaphezu kwe-15,700 nabaselula abathatywayo abanomhlaza ngamnye kunyaka, abaninzi babo baphathwa nge-chemotherapy
- Abantwana abangaba ngu-200 000 kunye nentsha yesifo sikashukela
- Phantse abantwana abayi-1 000 abazalelwa eUnited States ngamnye unyaka kunye nesifo segciwane lesangqa
Kwakhona, abantwana abanezinye iimeko ezininzi banomngcipheko okhuselekileyo wokusuleleka, kubandakanya abo abane-lupus, i-cystic fibrosis kunye ne-Down syndrome, njl njl.
Oko Abazali Abafanele Bazi Ngokuphathelele Ukunyuswa Kwe-Immunosuppression
Kukho ulwazi oluninzi olungaphiliyo apha malunga nezingane ezinezifo ezingabonakaliyo, ngokukodwa njengoko zihambelana nezitofu. Ngokomzekelo, ngenxa yokuba abantwana abafumana i-chemotherapy bangakwazi ukufumana iintsholongwane ezingenakwenziwa, akuthethi ukuba kufuneka, njengoko kungenakuthi bangasebenzi.
Ufuna imishanguzo yokukhusela i-immune system ukuze usebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Isizathu sokuba ubomi beentsholongwane ziphikisiwe xa umntwana efumana i-chemotherapy ngenxa yokuba inokwenza ukuba umntwana athathe isifo.
Ezinye izinto ezaziyo malunga nezingane ezinezifo ezingabonakaliyo ziquka ukuba:
- Iinyana ezininzi ezine-immunodeficiency eziphambili ziyakwazi ukufumana ezininzi okanye zonke izitofu, eziquka iigcini eziphilayo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokuzivivinya umzimba. Abanye abakwaziyo, okanye izitofu abazifumanayo azinakusebenza kakuhle, ngoko kubalulekile "ukudala 'i-cocoon' yokukhusela abantu abagonywe zizigulane ezinezifo eziphambili ze-immunodeficiency izifo ukuze banethuba elincinane lokufumana isifo esinamandla nje ngomkhuhlane. "
- Abantwana abaninzi abane-immunodeficiency abancinci banokufumana ezininzi okanye zabo zonke izitofu ngaphambi kokuba bafumane ukuxilongwa, kodwa mhlawumbi baye balahlekelwa ngulo khuselo ngenxa ye-immunodeficiency.
- Iimvavanyo zeLebhu zingancedisa ukuba umntwana unenkinga kwi-immune system.
- Ukuchithwa kwe-vaccine ayisoloko yinkinga kubantwana abaninzi abaneengxaki zesistim somzimba kwaye kuyanconywa ukuba oonxibelelwano abasondeleyo nabantwana abane-immunodeficials bafumane zonke iigonyi ngaphandle kwe-vaccine yomlomo. Kwaye ngaphandle kokuba baya kudibana nomntu okhuselekileyo, njengokufumana ukutshintshwa kweseli ye-stem kunye nokuba yindawo ekhuselekileyo, banokufumana isifo sokugonya somkhuhlane.
Nangona abaninzi abantu baye bafunda malunga ne-immunodeographical displays kumabhayisikobho nakwiimiboniso zikamabonwakude, ezi ntwana azihlali kwiimbumba. Baya esikolweni kunye nokunyamekela imihla kunye nokuzama ukuhlala ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Asifanele sikhohlwe ukuba akunqabile ukuba abantwana bahlale kunye ne-immunodefacilities.
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. I-Cancer kwi-Children kunye ne-Adolescents. I-Cancer Iinkcukacha kunye namanani 2014.
CDC. Ingxelo yeNgqwalaselo kaGawulayo: Ukuxilongwa kwe-HIV kunye noGawulayo kwi-United States kunye neendawo ezixhomekeke kuzo, ngo-2013.
JM Boyle. Ubuninzi boLuntu lokuThatshulwa kweziNyango eziPhezulu kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo eMerika. Umbhalo we-Clinical Immunology. NgoSeptemba 2007, uMqulu 27, Issue 5, iphepha 497-502.
IKomiti yeNgcebiso yezoNyango ye-Immune Defence Foundation. Iingcebiso zegciwane le-viral kunye ne-bacterial vaccines kwizigulane ezingabonakaliyo nezigulane zabo. I-Journal ye-allergies kunye ne-Clinic Immunology.
Ukukhuseleka kwe-Immune Defence Foundation Isigulane kunye neNcwadana yeNtsapho. Izifo eziPrayimali eziPhambili, i-5 Edition