Ezingokwenyama, ezomzwelo kunye noTshintsho ngokomoya ekupheleni koBomi
Kunzima ukubuza malunga noko ukulindela ekupheleni kobomi ngomhlaza womphuphu. Nangona kunjalo abantu abaninzi banqwenela ngenye ingcamango yento enokuyilindela kule nqanaba yokugqibela yothandekayo wethu okanye thina.
Njani nawuphi na umntu obona isiphelo sobomi kuya kuhluka, nje ngokuba abantu bahluke. Abanye abantu baya kuba neentlungu kodwa abanye abanakho. Abanye abantu baya kufuna i-oxygen ukulawula ukuphefumula okufutshane; abanye bangaphefumla ngokukhululekile kwimeko yokulala emoyeni.
Abanye abantu behla kakhulu ngokukhawuleza ekupheleni kohambo lwabo ngomhlaza, kwaye abanye babonakala bephila ngaphandle kwazo zonke iingxaki.
Njengoko iimpawu zomzimba kwiimigangatho zokugqibela zomhlaza wamaphaphu ziyahluka kubantu abahlukeneyo, impendulo yomntu esithandwa ngumntu kunzima ukuqikelela. Abanye abantu banamathela, bafuna "ukulwa" nomhlaza wabo ekupheleni. Abanye babonakala bamukela ukufa ngokulula. Kodwa nangona kukho ukungafani, kukho utshintsho oluqhelekileyo olwenzeka kubantu abaninzi. Yintoni enokwenzeka ntoni ekupheleni kobomi?
Ukuphela koBomi beenguqu
Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba wonke umntu uhlukile. Oko kwathiwa, ukujonga emva kweentsapho ezininzi kunokuxelela xa izinto "zaqala ukutshintsha." Kukho utshintsho lweemvakalelo kunye nezinguquko zomzimba eziqhelekileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imeko umntu efa kuyo.
Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kukho iziganeko ezinokuthi zenze ezinye iindawo ekupheleni. Ezinye zeemeko ezibonisa ukuba isiphelo sondela, ziquka ukukhwaza kwamanzi okufuna ukucinywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo okanye ukufakwa kwe-shunt, ukunyuka intlungu ukuya kwindawo ekuphumeni ngayo, ukubuthathaka obukhulu, kunye nokulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwesidlo.
Makhe sibone ezinye zeenguqu ezithile oza kuzibona.
Iinguqulelo zengqondo
Ukususela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokugqibela ngaphambi kokufa, umhlobo wakho unokuqala ukurhoxisa kwaye abonakale unomdla wokutyelela kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo. Imisebenzi eyayiyidumise ingasayi kubamba umdla wayo.
Unokubonakala elahlekile ngcamango, kwaye njengowesifazane omnye wathi ngomyeni wakhe kwiimigangatho ezisezantsi zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kubonakala ngathi "unyawo olulodwa kwihlabathi elizayo." Unokuqala ukulala kakhulu kwaye uphukise xa ukukhathala nokunciphisa kukuphazamisa ngokukwazi kwakhe ukuzinyameka njengokuba wakwenza ngaphambili.
Ukuba nenkqubo yoxhaso kunye nokuzinyamekela kubaluleke kakhulu kweli nqanaba lohambo, zombini ukuhlala kwakho kwaye ngoko unokuxhasa umthandayo wakho ngomhlaza kunye nokusemandleni akho.
Iinguqu Zomoya
Kuqheleke kakhulu ekupheleni kobomi abantu ukuba bathethe ngokubona abo bafe ngaphambi okanye babone izulu. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo, nokuba umntu unqulo okanye awunayo. Ngamanye amaxesha amalungu omndeni angaphosisa le "ziganeko" njengento yokungazinzi kunye nokugcina ukungapheliyo , oku kunokukhathaza kakhulu abo bafa. Oku kuya kwenzeka xa umntu obhubhayo ebonakala ekwazi ukuba ukufa kusondele . Kubalulekile ukuthetha ngothando ngothandekayo wakho, kwaye esikhundleni sokuba "ulungise" izimvo zakhe, unikezele induduzo yokuba akaye yodwa ebomini ahlala kulo. Emva koko, asiyazi ngokwenene ukuba umntu oza kufa okanye angaboni okanye aqonde. Ukuba abantu abathandekayo bazama ukulungisa umntu ofayo, okanye ubaxelele ukuba "baqhenqa," bahlala bephazamiseka kakhulu. Kungcono ukuphulaphula ukuphulaphula kwaye uvumele umthandayo ukuba abelane ngeziphakamiso ezifana nalezi, nokuba ziphazamisa kuwe.
Iinguqu zenyama
Ukutshintsha kwenyama ngexesha lokugqibela lomhlaza wemiphunga kunxulumene nesisu emiphakeni, ukusasazeka komhlaza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, okanye ngenxa yezigaba zokuphela komhlaza ngokubanzi.
Ngenkcazo, isigaba sokugqibela somhlaza wemiphunga sithetha ukuba ukhetho lwonyango luphelile; unyango alukwazi. Kodwa unyango oluthile , unyango olusetyenziswa ukunciphisa iimpawu okanye ukuphucula induduzo, lusenokusetyenziswa. Ukuba ubhalise kwi-hospice, unakho ukunikezelwa kwinqwelo yokukhusela i- hospice enokubonelela okunokukunceda ezininzi iimpawu ekupheleni kobomi. Ezinye iinguqu eziqhelekileyo zomzimba ziquka:
- Ukwakha i-Fluid malunga nemiphunga: Iifutha ezinomhlaza womhlaza ( i-effusion embi yecala ) zingakha kwiindawo ezijikeleze imiphunga, okubangelwa ukuphefumula okufutshane. Ukuphucula ukuphefumula nokwenza umntu abe nokhululekile, oogqirha bavame ukukhupha lo mkhuhlane. Ukuba umkhuhlane uyaqhubeka ukwakhiwa, inqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi- pleurodesis inokucetyiswa ukukhusela umkhuhlane ukuhlawulela kwakhona, okanye u-shunt ungafakwa ukuze wena okanye othandekayo akwazi ukukhupha umkhuhlane ekhaya. Ukuba ne-shunt enokuyidinga ukuyikhupha kunokuvakala ukwesabisa, kodwa le nkqubo isetyenziselwa rhoqo labo abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwaye banokwenza okuninzi ukunciphisa ukuphefumula okufutshane ngenxa yokuphindaphindiweyo kwimizi ejikeleze imiphunga ekupheleni kobomi. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba umbane awudingi ukucinywa ngaphandle kokuba kubangele ukuphefumula.
- Ukuvalwa okanye ukuphuma kwi-airways enkulu: Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu okhula kufuphi ne-airways, ukusasazeka kwe-tumor kwi-airway kungabangela ukuphazamiseka nokukhupha. Oogqirha banokuncoma inkqubo okanye imisebe yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa okanye ukulawula ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Izibonakaliso ngenxa yengqondo ye-metastases: Xa umdlavuza wamaphaphu usasazeka kwingqondo , abantu banokuziva beba nekhanda, ukuxhamla, kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-neurological ezifana nobubhathaka okanye iingxaki zentetho. Ukunyangwa kwamayeza kunokucetyiswa ukuba kuphucise ukukhula kwezi zicubu kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhluthwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekupheleni kobomi kunokufuna ukuba amayeza anciphise inani lokuthintela.
- Isikhwehlo esingayi kuvuma: Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhwehlela kungakwazi ukuyeka, ngenxa yokukhula kwe-tumor kwi-airways okanye ngenxa yeemfihlo ezingenakunyulwa. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenziwa ukulawula ukukhwehlela kwaye wenze umhlobo wakho abe mnandi ngakumbi.
- Ukuphefumla okufutshane : Abantu abaninzi banokuphawula ukunyuka kokuphefumula kunye nokwesaba kangangokuthi baya kuziva bexakeke. Ngombulelo, ngokwenene oku akunjalo. I-oksijeni inokuba luncedo gqitha, kodwa imithi kaninzi iyinqobo. Amachiza afana ne-morphine angakuvala umqondiso kwingqondo ekwaxelela ukuba awuphefumli, ukuze nokuba nangona amaqondo akho e-oksijeni awa, awuyi kuphefumula.
- Iimpawu zesifo somhlaza: Ukukhathala okukhulu kunzima kakhulu kumanqanaba okugqibela omhlaza wemiphunga. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo kufana nehlabathi jikelele, kwaye kwenzeka nangona abantu besidla ukutya kunye neekhalori ezaneleyo. I-cachexia ye-Cancer , i-syndrome kuquka ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingenzi ngokuzithandela kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwemisipha, iqheleke kakhulu kumanqanaba omhlaza womhlaza.
- Ubuhlungu: Abantu abaninzi banenkxalabo malunga nokutshintsha kwenyama ekupheleni kobomi, bebuza umbuzo othi, " Ngaba ukufa kukubuhlungu ?" Akukho nto ibuhlungu ekupheleni kobomi, kwaye oku kuyahluka ngokubanzi phakathi kwabantu abahlukeneyo. Xa umhlaza wamaphaphu usasazeka emathanjeni nasesigxeni, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulawula ubuhlungu , kuquka ulwaphulo lwe-radiation kunye namayeza enhlungu. Qinisekisa ukuba umthandi wakho uyaqonda ukuba ukusebenzisa imichiza yintlungu ngoku ayiyi kuthetha ukuba akukho nto ifumaneka ukuba intlungu yakhe ibona ngakumbi, ukukhathazeka okuqhelekileyo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula ubuhlungu, kwaye umhlobo wakho akayi kuphelelwa likhetho xa efuna ukuba intlungu yakhe iphathwe namhlanje.
Iintsuku zokugqibela
Ngexesha lokugqibela, umhlobo wakho unokuqala isigaba esaziwa ngokuthi "usebenza ngokusweleka." Kunokuba isiganeko apho umzimba uphela khona, abaphandi ngoku bakholelwa ukuba ukufa kuyinkqubo esebenzayo eyenziwa ngumzimba.
Ngokomzimba, njengoko ukufa kusondela, ulusu lomthandayo lunokuba lupholile njengoko izinga lokushisa lomzimba linciphisa, kwaye unokwazi ukubona i-mottling (bluish, i-patchch patches) kwesikhumba sakhe. Ukuphefumula kunokunyuka, kwaye nangona ipholile, isikhumba sakhe sinokuziva sinomanzi kunye nesibindi. Ngokuqhelekileyo uyayeka ukutya nokusela, kodwa le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo ekupheleni kobomi. Akayi kuziva enxanelwe okanye elambileyo.
Njengoko ukufa kufutshane, ukuphefumla kwakhe kungase kube nzima. Ngokukhawuleza, ukuphefumula okunzulu kunokunye kunye nexesha lokuphefumla okungapheliyo (i- Cheyne-stokes respirations ). Isandi sokubhokoza ( ukufa kwesifo ) kungenzeka ngenxa yokwakha imfihlo kwimva emqaleni. Oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu kumalungu entsapho, kodwa ngokucacileyo akungakhathazeki kumntu ofa.
Emotionally, wakho umthandayo unokuphazamiseka, ukukhetha kwiimakhishithi okanye iimpahla. Ukudideka kunye neengcamango ziqhelekileyo, kwaye abo bahlala beswele ngokukhawuleza bathetha ngabantu abathandekayo abaye bahamba ngaphambili. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokugqibela, unokufumana amandla amakhulu, ehleli phezulu xa elele embhedeni, okanye esidla isidlo esipheleleyo emva kokutya iintsuku ezimbalwa.
Oku kunokunyamezela intliziyo ukuba amalungu omndeni asichaze oku njengophawu lokuba umhlobo wabo uphucula. Kungenzeka ukuba yindlela yomzimba yokuvumela umntu ofayo ithuba lokugqibela lokuthetha. Njengoko inkqubo yokufa iqhubeka, uyayeka ukuthetha kwaye angene ubuthongo obukhulu. Nangona engabonakali ukukuva okanye ukuba uyazi, qhubeka ubonisa uthando lwakho. Kuvakalelwa kukuba ukuva ngenye yeengcinga zokugqibela zokushiya kwinkqubo yokufa.
Ukufa
Abanye abantu banqwenela ukwazi okungakumbi malunga nendlela eyenza ukufa kubakho kubantu abanomdlavuza wemiphunga. Abanye abanqwenela ukwazi ezi nkcukacha. Ukuba ungathanda ukwazi indlela oku kwenzeka ngayo kwaye ukhululekile ukufunda ngeendlela ezibonakalayo ezibandakanyekayo, unokwazi ukujonga ulwazi olulandelayo malunga nendlela abantu abafa ngayo ngomhlaza wamaphaphu ? Kodwa ukungazi ezi nkcukacha akudingekile ukuba unike umhlobo wakho uncedo olungcono kakhulu.
Njengoko ukufa kuqhubeka, umthandayo uyayeka ukuphefumula kwaye intliziyo yakhe iya kupheka. Abanye abantu bathi bayayazi umzuzu wabo owamthandayo; baye bafumana umbono okanye ukuvakalelwa komzimba wabo othandekayo. Abanye bafumana induduzo ngokuhlala kufuphi nomzimba wabo omthandayo njengoko kubanda kakhulu, kukufumana kulula ukuyeka emva koko.
Ukuba umhlobo wakho efa ekhaya, khangela umongikazi wakho ogqirha okanye ugqirha ngaphambi kwexesha ukuba uyazi ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo omele ulandele emva kokufa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, amalungu omndeni avunyelwe ukuba asebenzise ixesha lokulila kwaye athi ukuthanda umhlobo wabo ngaphambi kokuba umngcwabo ubizwa.
Kwabathandwa
Ukunyamekela othandekayo omswele kunako, ngexesha elifanayo, kuba yinto enzima kakhulu kunayo yonke into oyenzayo. Kungenzeka uzive uzingca ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa qiniseka ukuba uzakukhathalela ngeli xesha. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba usizi luqala kuqala ngaphambi kokuba umntu osweleyo afe- into ebizwa ngokuba yintlungu- kwaye unokuba yedwa njengoko abanye abasondezayo bangayiqondi le ntlungu.
Xa umthandi wakho ehamba, unokufumanisa kwimeko yokothuka. Yintoni ezayo elandelayo? Ukuba udibene ne-hospice ithimba lakho lokubhedlele lingakunceda ngamanyathelo alandelayo, okanye ulandele olu luhlu lokukhangela uxanduva lwaba basinda emva kokufa .
Nangona uye waziva ulusizi, uya kuba lusizi xa umthandi wakho edlula. Wonke umntu uyaxhalabheka ngokuhlukileyo, kwaye oku kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni. Awukwazi ukukhawuleza usizi. Thatha ixesha elifunekayo lokutshibela kule nxalenye yobomi bakho ngaphambi kokuba uqhubele phambili. Ukuba uqhubeka nobunzima emva kokulahlekelwa ngumthandayo, funani umcebisi osizi. Njengokuba wawukho ngenxa yomntu wakho othandekayo ngexesha lokufa, abo bahlala behlala badinga ukuxhaswa kunye nokuthuthuzelwa njengoko bejamelana nobomi ngaphandle komthandayo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Society of Clinic Oncology. Ukunyamekela Ekupheleni koBomi. http://www.cancer.net/kuvakalisa-coccer-care/advanced-cancer/care-th-final-days.
> Lim, R., Care of End-of-Life Care kwizigulane ezine-Advanced Lung Cancer. Uphuhliso lwezeMpilo kwizifo eziphefumulayo. 2016.