Imeko enkulu iya kuba namava phambi kwabantu abadala
Sisoloko sicinga nge-tonsillitis njengenye yezo zifundo zeendinyana abantwana abahamba ngazo kunye nenkukhu kunye ne-brace. Nangona le meko iqhubela phambili ngexesha le-early school to teen-year, iyakwenzeka nanini na ebomini.
Iindlela ze-tonsillitis ziyafunyaniswa kwaye zonyango ziguqukile kakhulu kule minyaka engama-30 edluleyo. Kukho iimvavanyo ezikhawulezayo ezinokusinceda sibone izifo ngokukhawuleza kunye nezilwanyana ezintsha ezinokukwazi ukunqoba ibhaktheriya engaxhatshazwayo.
Xa kuthethwa oko, isantya se-tonsillectomy (ukukhishwa kwamatronsi) kuyenyuka ngokususela ngo-1970, ngokutsho kwesifundo esivela kwi-Mayo Medical School College of Medicine.
Ukuqonda iTonsillitis
Iifoni zakho ziyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-lymphatic, enoxanduva lokuphelisa i-toxins kunye ne-microorganisms eziyingozi (kubandakanywa ii-virus kunye ne-bacteria) emzimbeni wakho. Iifoni zakho zisebenza ngokubamba iintlobo zeengqungquthela ezifakwe ngaphakathi kunye nokuzinikela kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic ukuba ingathathi nto.
Kukho iimbini zombini zeetoni emzimbeni wakho:
- Amathoni angama-Pharyngeal , awaziwa nangokuthi yi-adenoids, esekwe eluphahleni lomlomo wakho kufuphi nalapho impumlo yakho idibanisa yakho emqaleni
- Iimpawu zeelwimi ezifumaneka emva kolwimi
- Iipalati ze-Palatine zikhona emva emqaleni
I-tonsillitis iyenzeka xa intsholongwane okanye ibhaktheriya zingena emlonyeni okanye empumleni kwaye zibophelelwe ngetoni. Xa kwenzeka, i-immune system iya kujolisa kwaye ihlasele abahlaseli kwaye ibangele impendulo evuthayo , kubangele umkhuhlane kunye nokuvuvukala.
I-tonsillitis iyaqhelekanga, kunye nabantu abaninzi banamava ubuncinane kwisiqephu esinye ngaphambi komntu omdala, kwaye sithinteka kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala kubantwana abaneminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwe-15 kodwa kunokunokwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 no-25. Umngcipheko uhlala uhla njengoko umntu ekhula.
Izizathu
Ininzi yamatyala e-tonsillitis abangelwa yintsholongwane, ngelixa iphakama ukusuka kumahlanu ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini kukholwa ukuba ibangelwa yiibhaktheriya.
Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zentsholongwane ziquka:
- Iintsholongwane ze-cold (kuquka i-rhinoviruses kunye ne-adenovirus)
- I-mononucleosis
- I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- I-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
- I-virus yeHerpes simplex (HSV)
- Iimpawu
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zebhaktheriya ziquka:
- Staphylococcus aureus (kuquka i- MRSA )
- Ukukhwehlela (pertussis)
- I-pneumonia yebhakteria
- I-streptococcal pyogenes (strep throat)
Izizathu ezingezangezisulelo zeetoni ezivuyiweyo zihamba kunye kodwa zingabandakanya umhlaza weetoni kunye neetoni ze- cryptic .
Iimpawu
Iimpawu zeetonsillitis zivame ukubonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zixazulule iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezi-14, rhoqo zingekho unyango. Imiqondiso kunye neempawu zingabandakanya:
- Ukugwinya okubuhlungu (odynophagia)
- Unzima ukugwinya (dysphagia)
- Ukuvuvukala kunye nokwandiswa kweetoni
- Iipokotshi okanye iipatches ezimhlophe kwietoni (tonsillar exudates)
- I-lymph nodes evuyiweyo, ngokuyininzi entanyeni ( lymphadenopathy )
- Fever
- Intloko
- Ukukhathala
- Ubomvu obomvu okanye amabala obomvu ophahleni lomlomo wakho (petechiae)
Izimpawu ziyahluka ngohlobo lwegciwane okanye ibhaktheriya ezibandakanyekayo, kunye nobudala bomntu ngamnye. Nangona amaninzi amatyala e-tonsillitis ayenomsebenzi-athetha ukuba avele kwaye asombulule ngokukhawuleza-anokuphindaphindiweyo (ukuphindaphinda amaxesha amaninzi ngonyaka) okanye engapheliyo (ehlala ixesha elingaphezu kweenyanga ezintathu).
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-tonsillitis kusekelwe kuqala kwisifundo somzimba kunye nokuhlaziywa kwimbali yakho yonyango. Kwiimeko apho kukho iimpawu zomgca we-throp (i-fever, i-tonsillar exudate, i-lymph nodes evuvukileyo entanyeni, kwaye akukho ukukhwehlela), ugqirha uya kuthatha i-swab yomqala wakho kwaye ahlakulele ebhodini ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubukho be-strep ibhaktheriya. Iziphumo zeLeb zithatha iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48.
Okutsha, iimvavanyo zofuzo ezikhawulezayo zingasetyenziselwa kwaye, ngelixa zincinci ngaphantsi kwenkcubeko yebhola, ziyakwazi ukubuyisela iziphumo ezincinane kwimini eyi-10.
Unyango
Iimpawu ze-tonsillitis zivame ukucaphukisa ngakumbi kunzulu kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zifuna ukungenelela kwonyango oluncinane.
- Ukuba unesifo se-viral tonsillitis , unyango luya kugxininiswa ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu kunye nomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu ezixhasayo kwi-Tylenol (acetaminophen) okanye i-Advil (ibuprofen). Iidakamizwa zamachiza, kuquka i-antitivirals, ayinqunywanga.
- Ngokwahlukileyo, i- tonsillitis yebhaktheriya isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngamayeza. I-Penicillin kunye ne-amoxicillin yimiqathango efanelekileyo, ukhetho lokuqala, nangona i-erythromycin kunye ne-antibiotics emitsha efana ne-linezolid ingasetyenziselwa kwiziganeko zokuchaswa kweziyobisi. Iimpawu ze-tonsillitis zihlala zihamba emva kweeyure ezingama-24 zokuqala unyango.
Ukuba iitoni zikhulu kangangokuthi ziphazamise ukuphefumula, ugqirha unokunika umyalelo we-corticosteroid (steroid) yomlomo ukuze uncede ukunciphisa ubukhulu bawo. Nangona kunjalo, i-steroids yaluphi na uhlobo kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokuqaphela ngenxa yemiphumo ebalulekileyo yecala .
Tonsillectomy
Ukuba une-tonsillitis engapheliyo okanye ephindaphindiweyo echaphazela umgangatho wobomi bakho, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma i- tonsillectomy . Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwenza oku kutyunjwa, phakathi kwazo i-ultrasonic scalpels, i-scalpels ephezulu ye-plasma, i-cauterization yamagetsi, kunye neendlela zokuhlinzwa eziqhelekileyo.
Nangona iilwimi eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo kwaye zikhuselekile, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeengozi kunye neenzuzo zokuhlinzwa kunye nogqirha wakho.
Izilwanyana zasekhaya zokuzama
Ukuba ngaba unikwe unyango okanye awunikwe unyango, kukho izilungiso zasekhaya ezinokunciphisa kakhulu iimpawu zeetonsillitis. Ukongezelela ekusebenziseni ubuhlungu be-pain-counter-counter, zama:
- Ukuhambisa amanzi afudumele afana neetas okanye umhluzi
- Ukusela amanzi okubanda okanye ukusela kwi popsicles
- Ukuphumelela kwi-anesthetic yomlomo we-lozenges okanye usebenzisa umqubu womqala ophethe i-benzocaine
- Ukugubungela isisombululo se 1/2 teaspoon ityuwa kunye nee-ounces zamanzi ashushu
- Ukubeka i-compress epholile okanye ipakethe ye-ice entanyeni yakho
- Sebenzisa i- humfidifier ye-mist cool
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-aspirin kufuneka igwenywe kubantwana abanentsholongwane yentsholongwane ngenxa yengozi eyongezelelekileyo ye- Reye's syndrome , isifo esasongela ubomi besengqondo nesibindi.
Iingxaki ezinxulumene nazo
Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuba amaninzi amatyala e-tonsillitis ayisombululo ngokwabo ngaphandle kokubangela iingxaki ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, iziganeko ezinzulu okanye eziphindaphindiweyo zingakhokelela kwiinkathazo ezinjenge- otitis media (ukusuleleka kwindlebe ephakathi) okanye i- absitillar abscess (ukwakheka kwipokhethi ezaliswe ngophofu kufuphi neetoni).
Ngamanye amaxesha iifoni ziyakwazi ukuvuvukala kangangokuthi ziphazamise ukuphefumula nokugwinya. Oku kungakhokelela kwiimeko ezibi kakhulu ezibizwa ngokuba yi- obstructive sleep apnea .
Ukulala i-apnea yimeko apho umntu eyeka ukuphefumula ixesha elifutshane ngelixa elele. Oku kunokukhokelela ekukhathala komini, ukuxinezeleka, ukuguquka kwemizwelo, kunye nezinye, izinto ezinzulu zempilo ezifana nokunyuswa kwegazi kunye nesifo senhliziyo. Ukukhusela i-apnea yokulala isifo sikhokelo sobutyebi kubantu abanobuhlungu obungapheliyo okanye obunokuphindaphindiweyo.
ILizwi
Ukuba umntu ohlala kwintsapho yakho ene-tonsillitis, kukulungele ukuhlukanisa loo mntu kwaye ugcine abanye, ingakumbi abantwana, kude kube lula ukuba iimpawu zixazululwe. Ukuba uphatha ilungu lentsapho, hlamba izandla emva kokuba uthinte kwaye ucinge ngokugqithisa ubuso obumnyama xa kukho ukukhwehlela okanye ukukrazula. Musa ukuvumela umntwana ukuba aye esikolweni ade ade aphinde aphinde aphinde ahlaselwe.
> Imithombo:
> Erickson, B; Larsen, D .; St. Sauver, J. et al. "Utshintsho kwiziganeko kunye nezibonakaliso zetonesillectomy kunye ne-adenotonsillectomy, ngo-1970-2005." I-GMS Curr ephezulu ye-Ortorhinolaryngol yeNtloko Yokukhwela. 2009; 140 (6): 894-901; INGXELO: 10.1016 / j.otohns.2009.01.044.
> Stelter, K. "I-tonsillitis kunye nomqala wengqondo kubantwana." I-GMS Curr ephezulu ye-Ortorhinolaryngol yeNtloko Yokukhwela. 2013; 13: doc07; INGXELO: 10.3205 / cto000110