ImiGaqo yoPhulo lweMpawu zoBunokuthi Unokunika Uncedo
Kwezinye iintlobo zentlungu, xa unyango olungaphezulu kwe-counter (i-OTC) luthi lwanele, ugqirha wakho unako ukugqiba isigqibo sokuba ubhale umyalelo wesimo esiqinileyo sokunceda intlungu. Khumbula ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nawo onke amachiza owathathayo, kubandakanywa nayiphi na isongezelelo, kuba banokudityaniswa kunye neengxaki zokulahla.
Anticonvulsants
Nangona i-anticon-bulsants isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukunyanga, baye bavavanywa ngokuphumelelayo ekuphatheni intlungu, ingakumbi intlungu ebangelwa ngumonakalo wemisipha.
Kukholelwa ukuba ezi ziyobisi zisebenza ngokunciphisa amandla okugulisa iingxaki - ngakumbi iingxaki zonakaliswe-ukuhambisa iimpawu zentlungu. I-Carbamazepine, umzekelo, inqanda iisenti zeentsholongwane ukuba zingabikho ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
- Umzekelo: Ezi ziquka i-Tegretol (carbamazepine), i-Klonopin (i-clonazepam), i-Topamax (i-topiram), i-Neurontin (gabapentin), i-Gabitril (i-tiagabine), uLyrica (pregabalin) kunye neValium (diazepam).
- Eyona ndlela ilungele ukuPhatha: Ubuhlungu obubangelwa yi-neuralgia yangemva kwesifo (intlungu yesifo se-nervegia), i-neuralgia ye-trigeminal kunye neentlungu ezibangelwa isifo sikashukela (isifo se-diabetes neuropathy).
- Kubalulekile Ukukwazi: Ininzi i-anticonpasants iyakunyamezela, kodwa i-carbamazepine ingaba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu, kubandakanywa iingxaki zesibindi kunye nokuziphendulela; Abasebenzisi kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngezi zinto kunye nezinye iimpendulo. La mayeza abuye aphikiswe kwaye aphikisana nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
Ukuxhatshazwa
Abaphandi baqala ukuqonda ubudlelwane obubangela-kunye-nentsingiselo phakathi kwentlungu nokudakumba.
I-Anti-depressants isebenze ngokutshintsha amazinga kunye nemiphumo ye-neurotransmitters engqondweni. Kwiintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-anti-depressants: 1) I-Tricyclic, 2) i-serotonin e-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) kwaye i-3) i-serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (i-SSNRIs), i-tricyclics iqheleke kakhulu kwiintlungu.
Nangona kunjalo, ii-SSNRI ezifana neCymbalta (duloxetine), ziye zavunywa ziphumelele iintlobo ezithile zentlungu, njengaleyo ehambelana ne-peripheral neuropathy.
- Umzekelo: Ezi ziquka iPrac (i-fluoxetine), i-Paxil (i-paroxetine), i-Zoloft (i-sertraline), i-Elavil (i-amitriptyline), i-Norpramin (desipramine), i-Exexor (venlafaxine), i-Sinequan (doxepin), i-Wellbutrin (i-bupropion), i-Serzone (nefazodone), i-Desyrel (trazadone) kunye neCymbalta (duloxetine).
- Eyona ndlela ilungele ukuPhatha: i- Migraines, intlungu yokuya esikhathini, i-peripheral neuropathy, i-neuropathy ye-diabetes, i-fibromyalgia, ubuhlungu be-back and ne-neuralgia.
- Kubalulekile Ukukwazi: Uninzi lwabantu abaxinzelelekileyo lithatha iintsuku eziliqela okanye iiveki ukuba ziqale ukusebenza; ngenxa yesi sizathu, zinokumiselwa enye i-painkiller njenge-antisteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Amanqanaba okulwa neengcinezelo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu zihlala ziphantsi kunezixa zokunyanga.
IAntimigraine Medication
Ezi zintathu iintlobo zamachiza anikezelwe kwimigraines-triptans, i-ergots, kunye ne-isometheptene-zibizwa ngokuba ngamayeza avortive ngoba, kuthathwa ngokukhawuleza, zinokuthintela i-migraine okanye zinciphise kakhulu intlungu ehambelana nayo. Ezi zonyango zomsebenzi ngokumisela imithwalo yegazi, ngokukodwa imirhobho yexesha lexeshana, ngokunjalo ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo kwingqondo.
- Umzekelo: Ezi ziquka iMitrex (sumatriptan), iZomig (zolmitriptan), i-Maxalt (rizatriptan), iAmerge (naratriptan), iAxert (almotriptan), i-Frovalan (frovatriptan), i-Midrin (isometheptene, i-dichloralphenazone, i-acetaminophen) ne-Ergomar, i-Wigraine, i-Cafergot, iMigranal (ergotamine) amayeza.
- Eyona ndlela ilungele ukuPhatha: i- Migraines, kodwa intlungu ingaxoshwa ukuba imyeza isetyenziswe ekuqaleni kweempawu ze-migraine.
- Kubalulekile Ukuzi : Ii-Triptans zidibaniswe nemiphumo emibi kakhulu, kuquka ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kunye neentsimbi; banokusebenzisana kakubi nezinye iziyobisi, kuquka ii-SSRI kunye neTagamet (cimetidine).
Corticosteroids
I-Corticosteroids isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala; ngokuqhelekileyo zichazwe kumaxabiso amancinci ukunciphisa ingozi yemiphumo emibi. I-corticosteroids yamandla enesigxina ingathathwa ngomlomo, ngejoza, nge-inhaler, okanye njenge-creamic cream.
- Imizekelo: Ezi ziquka i-deltasone (prednisone), i-Hydeltrasol (prednisolone) kunye ne-Solu-Medrol (i-methylprednisolone).
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuPhatha: Ubuhlungu kunye nokuvuvukala okunxulumene ne-rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne-lupus.
- Kubalulekile ukwazi: I-corticosteroids yomlomo engapheliyo inxulumene nemiphumo emibi kakhulu, kubandakanya ukufumana ubunzima, i-glaucoma, i-cataracts, ishukela ephezulu yegazi, izilonda, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuguquka kwamanzi, ukuguqulwa kwamanzi kunye nokunyuka kwixinzelelo legazi kunye ne-osteoporosis.
I-Cox-2 Inhibitors
Ii-cox-2 inhibitors zi-NSAID ezingenakwenzeka ukuba zenze ukunyuka kwamathumbu kunezinye iintlobo ze-NSAIDS, njenge-aspirin, ibuprofen kunye ne-naproxen. I-Cox-2 inhibitors isebenza ngokuthintela ukuveliswa kwe-cyclo-oxygenase-2, i-enzyme ekhokelela ekuvukeleni nasebuhlungu.
- Umzekelo: I-cox-2 kuphela inhibitor ekhoyo kwi-US yiCelebrex (celecoxib).
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuPhatha : I- Arthritis kunye nentlungu yokuya esikhathini.
- Kubalulekile ukwazi: Ngo-2004, i-Vioxx (rofecoxib) - i-COX-2 inhibitor eyenziwe nguMerck - isuswe kwikarhwebo ngenxa yokudibanisa nentliziyo yesifo kunye nokushaywa yintlungu. I-Celebrex inokufaka ingozi efanayo.
Opioids
I-opioids yayisuka kwi-plant poppy; Namhlanje, i-opioids ikhona kwiifom zezinto eziphilayo kunye nezobugcisa. Ziyakhona zidibene nezinye iipilisi, njenge-ibuprofen kunye ne-acetaminophen. Ngenxa yokuba i-opioids iyimichiza echaphazelekayo, ngamanye amaxesha imiselwe ngokukhuthaza.
- Imizekelo: Ezi ziquka iimpawu ezininzi ze-morphine, i-Codeine (ikhodi ye-phosphate), i-Actiq (i-fentanyl citrate), i-Oxycontin (oxycodone) ne-Vicodin (i-hydrocodone ne-acetaminophen).
- Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuphatha: Intlungu ebuhlungu, njengoluhlobo lwesifo esingaba nakho emva kokuhlinzwa okanye ukulimala kakhulu okanye intlungu ebuhlungu ngenxa yesifo somhlaza.
- Kubalulekile Ukukwazi: I- opioids inokukwazi ukulutha, kodwa xa isetyenziselwa ukunyanzelwa intlungu yesikhashana, le mngcipheko iyancitshiswa kakhulu. Imiphumo emibi ingabandakanya ukuzithemba, isisongela, ubuthongo kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla.
I-Article Yesiqendu Ehlelwe nguNaveed Slaeh, MD, MS, ngomhla we-2/28/2016.
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