"I-Chipmunk Cheeks" Ebangelwa yiVirus
Imisipha, isifo se-virus esichazwa "ngamahlathi esipmunk," saqale sachazwa nguHippocrates kwiminyaka engama-2 000 edlulileyo. Ngaphambi kokungeniswa kwegciwane lesigxina samathambo (inxalenye yesigxina se-MMR) ngo-1967, iimvumba zaziyimbangela eqhelekileyo yezifo zabantwana. Nangona inani lamatyala liye lancipha ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwesi sitofu esiphezulu, iziganeko zentshukumo ziqhubeka zenzeka, njengalezo zokuhlaselwa kuka-2006 eMidwest.
Igama: Paramyxovirus
Uhlobo lweMicrobe: i- RNA virus
Indlela ebangela ngayo izifo: I-virus ye-mumps igxininisa kwipatheni yokuphefumula ephezulu kwaye isasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba nge-lymphatic system (ejikeleza iiseli kunye namanzi omzimba wesistim somzimba). Intsholongwane idlulela kwi-saliary kunye nezinye izilonda kunye nokunyusa impendulo yokuvuvukala kunye ne-edema (ukuqokelela kwamanzi), okukhokelela kwiintlanzi ezibuhlungu, ezivuvukalayo.
Indlela ekusasazeka ngayo: Ama-Mumps asasazeka ukususela kumntu ukuya kumntu ngamaconsi kunye nomthi. Intsholongwane nayo ingadluliselwa kwiindawo ezingcolileyo. Usulelo lusuleleka kakhulu, ngakumbi kubantu abangenasifo sokukhuseleka, kwaye banokusasazeka kwiintsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kweentsuku ezi-6 emva kokuba iimpawu zivele. I-CDC icebisa ukubahlukanisa abantu abaneemvumba iintsuku ezingama-5 emva kokuba iimpawu zivele.
Ngubani osemngciphekweni? Nabani na onokufumana iimvumba, kodwa abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-14 ubudala banako ukufumana.
Iimpawu: Iimpawu zivame ukuvela malunga neentsuku ezili-16 ukuya kwezi-18 emva kokutyhila umntu osulelekileyo.
Impawu zokuqala zamangqumbo ziquka umkhuhlane, intloko, ukhathala nokungabi nxilweni kwimihla yoku-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Uphawu lweklasiki lwamangqungquthela bubungqina beentlanzi ezibuhlungu, ezithenda kunye nezivuvuzelayo (ezikwezihlathini, ngaphantsi kwe-jawline), kodwa luvele kuphela kwi-30% ukuya kwi-40% yamatyala. Ezi "zihlathi" zihlala zixazulula malunga neveki, kwaye ukubuyiswa kuthatha iintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwi-12.
Kodwa intsholongwane ingasasazeka kwezinye iinqununu, ezikhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu (jonga 'iingxaki' ngezansi).
Ukuxilongwa: Iimvumba zivame ukuxilongwa ngokusekelwe kwimimandla yeklasi, kubandakanywa i-parotitis, okanye ukuvuvukala kweempawu ze-salivary kunye neempawu ezingabonakaliyo, ezinjengomkhuhlane, umzimba womzimba kunye nesondlo esibi. Uhlalutyo lweesampula zegazi lungabonisa iziphumo ezingavamile ezibandakanya ukubalwa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye namanqanaba aphezulu yeprotheni yamylase. Ukuba kukho ukufunyaniswa kwebhu ebongezelelweyo, ezi ndlela zingabandakanya ukufunyanwa kwintsholongwane kumathe okanye umchamo (ngeenkcubeko zentsholongwane okanye i-PCR) okanye ukufumanisa izifo ezithintela intsholongwane.
Ukugxekwa: Abantu abaninzi baya kuhlaziywa iintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwi-12 kwaye bahlakulele ukukhuseleka komphefumlo wonke kwiintsholongwane zegciwane.
Unyango: Akukho zonyango oluthile lweemvumba. Amafi angaphathwa nge-acetaminophen okanye ibuprofen, kunye neengqungqungquthela ezivuvuzayo zingashukunyiswa ngeepakethe ezifudumele okanye ezibandayo. Gwema ukutya okumuncu okanye okumanzi okungazinyusa intlungu kwiingqungqungquthela ze-salivary.
Ukuthintela: Ukugonya kwe-MMR iqulethe i-mumps virus. Ukugonywa kunconywa kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezi-15 ubudala kwaye nje ngaphambi kokungena kwi-kindergarten. Abantu abadala abazalwa emva kowe-1956 abangagonyanga okanye abangenayo i-mumps nabo kufuneka bafumane igonywe.
Iingxaki: Iingxaki zamathambo zikhuphuka ngobudala kwaye zinokuvela kwiintsholongwane zomzimba ezahlukeneyo ezikhokelela ekuvukeleni. Ezi ngxaki zingabandakanya ukuvuvukala kwengqondo (encephalitis okanye i-meningitis), i-testis (orchitis), i-pancreas (i-pancreitis), izilonda zamathambo (i-mastitis), i-ovaries (oophoritis), i-thyroid (thyroiditis), intliziyo (myocarditis) kunye namalungu (i-arthritis) . Iingxaki zingakhokelela ekukhutsheni ngokukhawuleza, ukunyaniseka okusisigxina, kwanokufa.
> Umthombo:
> Amathambo okugonywa. Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo.