Kukho ukudideka okukhulu malunga nokuxilongwa kwegazi oluqhelekileyo
I-Mitral valve prolapse (i-MVP) yinto eqhelekileyo yokuxilonga inhliziyo. Ngelishwa, enye yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Ngoko, ukuba uye watshelwa ukuba unayo i-MVP, kubalulekile ukuba uqonde ukuba yintoni, yiziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela (kwaye kungabangeli), kwaye kufuneka wenze ntoni ngako.
Yintoni i-MVP?
I-MVP yinto engavumelekanga yokuzalwa engabonakaliyo eyenza i-tisral valve (i-valve ehlukanisa i-atrium ekhohlo ukusuka kwi-ventricle engasekhohlo).
Oku kuninzi kwezicubu kuvumela i-mitral valve ukuba ibe "i-floppy." Ngenxa yoko, xa iikontraki ze-ventricle ezisekhohlo, i-mitral valve ingakwazi ukuphazamiseka (okanye ibuyele) kwi-atrium ekhohlo. Oku kubangela ukuba ezinye zegazi kwi-ventricle engasekhohlo zijikelele ngasemva (oko kukuthi, ukubuyisela i-regurgitate) kwi-atrium ekhohlo. (Ukufunda malunga neekamelo zentliziyo kunye neendvayi kunokukunceda uqonde ngakumbi le nkqubo.)
Kukho ixesha eliqhelekileyo ukuxhomekeka kwemvelo kwi-MVP. Ukuba umntu unenyaniso ye-MVP, mhlawumbi i-30 ekhulwini zeentsapho zakhe ezisondeleyo nazo zingaba nazo.
I-MVP ichongwa njani?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-MVP ikhunjulwa ngokuqala xa ugqirha eva isandi esicatshulwa ngeklasi "ukukrokraza" ngelixa uphulaphula intliziyo yomntu. Ukuqakraza kubangelwa isandi sokumisa esenziwe ngokutshatyalaliswa kweval valve; ukukrokra kubangelwa ukuhlaziywa kwegazi emva koko kwi-atrium ekhohlo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-MPV kuqinisekiswa nge- echocardiogram .
Ngoku kucacile ukuba kwiminyaka emashumi eminyaka ye-echocardiography, izazi ze-cardiologist zazixhomekeke kakhulu ekufumaneni i-MVP. Okokuthi, bafumene inani elithile lento ababeyicinga ukuba i-mitral valve iya kubangelwa ngabantu ababethebileyo ngokwenene. Ngenxa yoko, amawaka amaninzi abantu abaneentliziyo zabo ziqhelekileyo bexilongwa ngokungafanelekanga nale fomu yesifo senhliziyo.
Enyanisweni, kwezinye izifundo ukuya kuma-35 ekhulwini kubo bonke abantu bavavanyelwe ukuba babe ne-MVP. Ubuninzi bala bantu babenenalo, okanye ixabiso elincinci kuphela, le-prolapse yangempela.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imigaqo-nkqubo ye-echocardiographic yokufumanisa i-MVP iqiniswe ngokusemthethweni. Iingxelo ezilandelayo zibonise ukuba iziganeko zangempela ze-MVP zi-2% ukuya kwi-3 ekhulwini labantu bonke.
Ngelishwa, kubonakala kucacile ukuba abanye oogqirha basoloko beqhelana nokuxilonga le meko.
Kutheni i-MVP ibalulekile?
I-MVP inokuvelisa iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zeengxaki zeklinikhi. Ingabangela ukuba kubekho umgangatho ophezulu wokubuyiswa kwe- mitral , kwaye kunokukwenza umntu abe nolwazi olungakumbi lokuhlakulela i- endocarditis echaphazelekayo (intsholongwane ye-valve senhliziyo).
Ukubaluleka kwe-MVP kuhambelana nxamnye nobuninzi bokubuyiswa kwe-mitral kubangela. Ukugqithisa okubalulekileyo okusemthethweni (oku kwakhona, okuyi-valve mitral valve) ekugqibeleni kunokukhokelela ekwandiseni kwamagumbi ezinhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo yesifuba, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukunyamekela intsilelo . Ngethamsanqa, uninzi lwabantu abane-MVP abanalo i-mitral regurgitation-kuphela malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zabantu abane-MVP baya kuhlakulela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiminyaka yabo yokuphila.
Ngelixa abantu abane-MVP benomngcipheko othe wandisa ukwanda kwe-endocarditis, olo mngcipheko lusencinane kakhulu. Enyanisweni, ngenxa yokuba i-endocarditis inqabile, izikhokelo zakutshanje ezivela kwi-American Heart Association aziphanga zincome i-prophylactic antibiotics kwizigulane ezine-MVP.
Yintoni i-Prognosis ne-MVP?
Ininzi yezigulane ezine-MVP zinokulindela ukukholisa ubomi obuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kwempawu ngenxa ye-MVP yazo, kwaye ngaphandle kokunciphisa ixesha lokuphila. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhlaziywa kukuxhomekeke ngokusondeleyo kwinqanaba le-mitral regurgation ekhoyo. Uninzi lwezigulane ezine-MVP eziye zincinci ukubuyiswa kwe-mitral zineempembelelo ezintle .
Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki zeCliniki eziye zafakwa kwi-MVP?
Ngenxa yokuba i-MVP ixhaphazwa ngokuqhelekileyo (nangona kungenako ukuba ingaba khona), idibaniswe kunye neemeko ezininzi ezingenakwenene nantoni na i-MVP ngokwayo. Ukudideka kwavela kwiintsuku zokuqala ze-echocardiography, xa i-MVP yayisetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo. Nanini na xa isigulane sikhala ngeempawu ezithile okanye iingxaki ezithile, oogqirha babeya kwenza i-echocardiogram-kunye nama-35 ekhulwini kweso sithuba, babeza kufumana "i-MVP." Zininzi iingxaki zeklinikhi eziye zatsholwa kwi-MVP kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, xa umbutho ongeke ube khona.
Nazi izimo eziqhelekileyo eziye zadibana ne-MVP, kodwa ubuhlobo babo bokwenene kwi-MVP buyinto engcono kakhulu:
Ukuxhalabisa, intlungu yesifuba, iintlungu . Nangona kudlalwa ukuba i-MVP ibangele le mpawu, abaninzi abantu abane-MVP ababafumani, kwaye abaninzi abantu abanexhala, intlungu yesifuba, kunye neentlungu zine-MVP. Unxulumano lwenene kunye neMVP aluzange luboniswe.
Isibetho okanye ukufa ngokukhawuleza. Akukaze kuboniswe ukuba i-MVP ngokwayo ibangela ukubetha okanye ukufa ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuba iziganeko ze-MVP ziphezulu kunezinye eziqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezifumana ezi ngxaki. Nangona izigulane ezinobungqina obunzima bokubanjiswa kweso sizathu sinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nesifo kunye nokufa ngokukhawuleza, abo abane-MVP ebonakalayo banomngcipheko ofanayo kunye noluntu jikelele. Funda kabanzi malunga ne- MVP kunye nokufa ngokukhawuleza .
I- dysautonomia syndromes . I-dysautonomia syndromes, ezibandakanya izinto ezinjenge- syndrome yokukhathala okungapheliyo , i- vasovagal (okanye i-neurocardiogenic) syncope , ukuhlaselwa kwe-panic , i- fibromyalgia , kunye nesifo sengqondo segazi , zivame ukubizwa nge-MVP. Akunakucaca ukuba abantu abane-MVP banomngcipheko okhulayo wokuphuhlisa iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-dysautonomias (ezifana ne-palpitations, ukukhathazeka, ukukhathala, i-aches, neentlungu). Kodwa ekuphelelweni kwabo ukuxilongwa kwizigulana ezikhalazo ngeempawu ezinjalo, kwaye ngoko ke ukuyalela yonke imvavanyo eyaziwayo kumntu, oogqirha bafumene (ngokwemvelo) ukuba inani lezigulane ezinzima zi-MVP. Oogqirha baye baqulunqa ibinzana elithi "Mitral Valve Prolapse Syndrome" ukuyichaza. Ingaba i-MVP ngokwayo inokwenza nantoni na le mpawu ingathandabuzeki.
ILizwi
Ukuba uye watshelwa ukuba unayo i-MVP, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uyaziqonda kumgqirha wakho umlinganiselo wokubuyiswa kwe-mitral, kwaye ukuba ugqirha wakho uye wabonisa ishedyuli yokuvavanya ukulandelelana. Ukuba awunayo i-mitral regurgation, kufuneka ufune ukuhlolwa rhoqo ngokomzimba emva kweminyaka emihlanu okanye njalo. Ukuba kukho iqondo elithile lokuphindaphinda, i-echocardiograms kufuneka iqwalaselwe.
Ukuba unayo iimpawu ezinjengeentlungu zesifuba okanye izibilini, ezi zimpawu kufuneka zihlolwe njengemiba ehlukeneyo. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ubhala nje le mpawu njengokuba ngenxa ye-MVP, ngaphandle kokwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo, cinga ukuba ufuna enye imbono.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba unesinye se-dysautonomia syndromes, qiniseka ukuba ugqirha uyazi kakuhle ekulawuleni le miqathango. Musa ukuchitha ixesha kunye nodokotela obonakala ekulungele ukubhala iimpawu zakho njengengxenye "ye-MVP." I-dysautonomi yinyani, ukunyaniseka-ukunyanzela ukuphika kwezifo, ezihluke kwi-MVP, kwaye zifanelwe ukuphathwa kwaye zingagqithwanga.
> Imithombo:
> Avierinos, JF, Gersh, BJ, Melton LJ 3rd, et al. Imbali yeNdalo ye-Asymptomatic Mitral Valve I-Prolapse In the Community. Uhambo luka 2002; 106: 1355.
> Kim, S, Kuroda, T, Nishinaga, M, et al. Ulwalamano phakathi kobuhlungu beMitration Ukubuyisela kwakhona kunye nokuxhamla kwe-Mitral Valve Prolapse: U-Echocardiographic Study-Up Study. Inhliziyo J 1996; 132: 348.
> Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2014 I-Aha / Acc Guideline Kulawulo lwezilwelisi nge-Valvular Heart Disease: Ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63: e57.