Ukuvavanya iingenelo zabo, izibonakaliso kunye neziphene
Ingqondo kunye nenkqubo yomnyazi ingabonwa ngeekhompyutha ze-tomography (CT) kunye ne -imagination magnetic resonance (MRI) . Xa ubhekene neengxaki ze-neurologic, i-neurologist eneengxaki ze-neurologist isinokuthi ihlalutye ngaphandle kokufuna iimvavanyo ezongeziweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, lunokuba luncedo (nokuba lukhawulezileyo) ukulawula ibhetri yeemvavanyo ze-neuroimaging ukufumana okanye ukuvavanya iingxaki ezingabonakali kalula.
Funda ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo.
Ukuthelekisa i-CT Scans kunye ne-MRIs
Ixesha le-neuroimaging lichaza iindlela zokujonga ubuchopho kunye nezinye iinxalenye zesimiso seentlungu ukuze ziqinisekise okanye zilawule izikhalazo ze-neurologist. Ii-MRIs kunye ne-CT scans zezi zixhobo ezimbini ezifana ne-neurologist ziya kuphendukela rhoqo.
Ukuthetha ngomlomo, i-MRI ifana nekhamera yebakala elibizayo, lobuncwane ngelixa i-CT scan ifana nekhamera ehlawulelwayo. Uthelekiso lufaneleke ngakumbi ukuba ixabiso le-MRI lidlula lee-CT scan.
Oku akuthethi ukuba umntu uphezulu kunomnye. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba, ngenxa yokuba umgangatho wokucinga ophezulu we-MRI uphezulu, kufuneka ube ngowokuqala ukukhetha. Kodwa oko kubonisa ukungaqondi ngokubanzi malunga nobuchwepheshe, bobabini ngokubhekiselele kwizikhundla zabo kunye neziphene.
Ukuthetha ngokubanzi, i-MRI ne-CT scan iyahluka ngeendlela ezintathu ezihlukeneyo:
- Xa ixesha lingundoqo. I-MRI ingathatha malunga nemizuzu engama-45 ukugqiba ngelixa i-CT scan ingathatha kuphela imizuzu emihlanu ukuya kweyimizuzu. Ngexesha elithathayo ukufumana i-MRI eyenziwe (kuba, yithi, isifo esibi kakhulu), umntu unokufa okanye akalimele kabuhlungu. I-MRI idinga ukuba umntu ahlale eninzi ixesha elide, elinokubakho nzima kwimeko engxamisekileyo. I-CT scan kaninzi ibhetele ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinje.
- Iintlobo zezinto ezingaqhelekanga abazibonayo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-CT scan ingabonakalisa ukungaqhelekanga ngokulula ngaphezu kwe-MRI, kuquka ukuphuma kwegazi kunye neethambo. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-MRI ihamba phambili ekufumaneni izilonda ezincinci okanye ezifihlakeleyo ezifana ne- multiple sclerosis plaques, i- acoustic neuromas , okanye i-astrocytomas ephantsi .
- Ukungahambelani nomgangatho wobungakanani. I-MRIs yenza imifanekiso isebenzisa amagagasi amakhulu. Ezinye izifakelo zetsimbi kunye nezixhobo ezingahambelaniyo zingaphazamisa la maza, okwenza ukuphazamiseka kwemifanekiso. Ngendlela efanayo, imithwalo yemisebe esebenzisa i-CT scan ingahlakazeka ngethambo elinyeneyo (lithetha, malunga neengqondo zentsholongwane), ekhokelela kumfanekiso onzima okanye ongenakwenzeka ukutolika.
Mngcipheko
Imithombo engundoqo yemingcipheko kule nkqubo ivela kumthombo wokucinga kunye nakwii-agent ezichaseneyo. Nantsi indlela le engozi ehluke ngayo kwiintlobo ezimbini zokucinga.
Ukucinga
Iimvavanyo ze-CT zisebenzisa i-X-ray ukudala umfanekiso ojikelezayo. Ngaloo ndlela, inani lemirhumo elibandakanyekayo linokuthi libhekiselele, kunye nezinye iingcaphephe ezibonisa i-1 kwi-300 ithuba lokufumana umdlavuza ngenxa ye-scan. Oku kukho inkxalabo kubantu abancinci ukususela ekuphuhliseni umdlavuza kuthatha amashumi eminyaka ukubonakalisa. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha bahlala beqaphele ngokwenza i-CT scan kumntwana kunomntu omdala.
I-MRI, ngokuchaseneyo, isebenzisa umbane onamandla kakhulu ukukhuthaza iathom kumzimba womntu. Ezi zi i-atom zifunyanwa ngu-scanner. Umngcipheko omkhulu we-MRI kukuba naluphi na ukufakelwa kwesinyithi se-ferromagnetic kunokuba ngumbane ogunyazisiweyo phantsi kwefuthe le-MRI kwaye uzame ukulungelelanisa i-pole-tole.
Abalingani bokungafani
Kwezinye iimeko, i-neurologists izakusebenzisa idayi eyahlukileyo ukuze ihluke ngakumbi into eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Idayi yokuhlula ingabancedisa ekugqibeleni ukungaqhelekanga kweethambo ezinjengeengculazi ezinomzimba okanye izilonda ezixhamle kwi-MS ekhulayo, ukuphazamiseka komzimba okanye umdlavuza.
Kuzo zombini iingxelo ze-CT kunye nee-MRIs, i-arhente ehlukileyo ingabangela iingxaki ezinzulu:
- Iimvavanyo ze-CT zisebenzisa i-ejenti eyahlukileyo enokuba ne-iodine. Kwezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo, ukukhutshwa kwe-iodine kungabangela ingxaki ebomini yokusabela ukugula.
- I-MRI scanners isebenzisa i-ejenti eyahlukileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-gadolinium. Kubantu abanesifo sengqondo, ukuvezwa kwe-gadolinium kunokubangela iimeko ezinqabileyo kodwa ezibi zibizwa ngokuba yi-nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).
ILizwi
Kukho ininzi enokufuneka iqwalaselwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-neuroimaging. Njengoko isigulane, kubalulekile ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho malunga naluphi na uhlobo lokungabikho komzimba, ukufakela, kunye nempilo (kubandakanywa unyango lomhlaza) onayo okanye unakho. Kufuneka uphinde uthumele nayiphi na inkxalabo enayo malunga nenkqubo ngokwayo, ingakumbi ukuba unayo i-claustrophobia okanye ube nolwazi olubi kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ezinye iindlela zifumaneke. Ukuba isicatshulwa esikhethwe ngokuchanekileyo kunye nesigxina esipheleleyo sesigulane, sinokubangela kakhulu ukukhululeka nokuchaneka kokuxilongwa. Thetha nogqirha okanye ufumane umbono wesibini, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
> Umthombo:
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> Pearce M, Salotti J, de González A, et al. Amanqaku: Ukunyuka kwamayeza okuvela kwi-CT ukuhlolwa ebuntwaneni kunye nomngcipheko we-leukemia kunye neengqondo ze-tumors: ukufundwa kweqela eliphindaphindiweyo. Lancet . 2012; 380: 499-505.