Kutheni iidokotela ziqhubeka zixhomekeke kwii-Levodopa kwiCreatingon Treatment
I-Levodopa ithathwa njengomgangatho wegolide we-dopamine unyango oluthathekileyo kwisifo se-Parkinson. Iyeza laphuhliswa kwiminyaka yama-1960 ubudala emva kweminyaka emithathu emva kokuba uJacob Parkinson ngo-1817 abhale ngeempawu ezibonakalisa namhlanje njengesifo se-Parkinson. Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, i-levodopa isasetyenziselwa ukonyango kwesi sifo esingapheliyo.
Xa kuthathwa ngomlomo, i-levodopa ifakwe kwigazi ukusuka emathunjini amancinci.
Liya guqulelwa kwi-dopamine ngama-enzyme ebuchosheni, okunceda ukutshintsha i-neurotransmitter elahlekile njengoko i-neurons eveza i-dopamine yengqondo.
Indlela i-Levodopa isebenza ngayo
I-Levodopa isoloko idibene ne- carbidopa yezidakamizwa (njengegama le-brand name yeSinemet), elinceda ukwandisa ukusebenza kwe-levodopa kwaye ikhusela amayeza ukuba aphule kwigazi ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele ebuchosheni. Esikhundleni semilinganiselo ephakamileyo ekufunekayo, ukongeza kwe-carbidopa kuvumela i-levodopa ukuba inikezwe ngamanani amancinci. Oku kunciphisa isicathulo sengqondo kunye nokuhlanza, okuvame ukuphazamiseka kwemiphumo emibi. EYurophu, i-levodopa idibaniswe nekhampani eyahlukileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-benserazide enefuthe elifanayo kwigama legama legama leMadopar.
I-Dopamine yonyango yokutshintsha indawo isebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekulawuleni iimpawu zeemoto kwaye inceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwansuku zonke kwabachaphazelekayo yiParkinson.
Nangona kunjalo, kunokubangela iziphumo eziphambili ezinjenge- dyskinesias (iintshukumo ezingenakho ukuzibandakanya), ezinganciphisa inani lemithi engasetyenziswa. Oku kubangela ukuba abaninzi abantu baxhomekeke kwi-dopamine endaweni yokuxhomekeka. Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo ezibi zibi ngaphezu kweempawu zokuqala zokuphathwa.
Ukongezelela, ayinakucwangcisa iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo zeParkinson , eziyaziwayo ngenxa yobuninzi bokukhubazeka kwizigulane.
I-Levodopa Iimpawu zecala
Imiphumo emibi ye-dopamine yonyango yokuguqula iquka, kodwa ingagqithwanga, isisongela, ukuhlanza, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi , ukunyuka komzimba kunye nomlomo owomileyo. Kwabanye abantu kungabangela ukudideka kunye neengxoxo. Kwixesha elide, ukusetyenziswa kwe-dopamine ukutshintshwa kunokukhokelela kwii-dyskinesias kunye nokutshintsha kweemoto (oko kukuthi, ixesha elide "elikude" xa amayeza engasebenzi kakuhle).
Iintlobo ze-Dopamine Replacement Therapies
I-Dopamine yonyango yokuguqula ivela kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nokudibanisa. Izilungiso eziqhelekileyo zilandelayo:
I-Levodopa / iCarbidopa: Olu nxu lumene kwifom ye-short-acting (Sinemet) kunye ne-one-acting one (iSinemet CR) efuna kuphela ukuphindwa kabini-imihla ngemihla. I-Levodopa / i-carbidopa nayo iphinda ithebhulethi yomlomo (Parcopa) engafuni amanzi ukuba athathe kwaye anceda abo baneengxaki zokugwinya.
I-Levodopa / i-Carbidopa / i-Entacapone: I- Stalevo yenye enye igama lophawu lwegama elingu-long-acting preparation of dopamine esikhundleni sokuba ngaphezu kwe-levodopa kunye ne-carbidopa inegalelo elongezelelweyo lonyango, elongezelela ixesha eliqhubekayo ukuphumelela kwesi sakhiwo esivumela ixesha elide.
Njengamanje ikhona kuphela eKhanada naseYurophu, i-levodopa / carbidopa gel (iDodopa) yindlela yokutshintshwa kwe-dopamine ehanjiswa ngqo emathunjini amancinci ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu evuliwe. Kusetyenziswe kakuhle kulabo abanezifo eziphambili abangakwazi ukulawula ukukhubaza iimpawu zabo zeemoto nezinye iyeza. Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yepom efana nompompo we-insulin kwisifo sikashukela, i-Duodopa inako ukuhambisa amayeza ngokuqhubekayo kulo lonke usuku.
Izwi elidumileyo "elidala ligolide" ngokuqinisekileyo linyaniseka xa lifika kwi-levodopa. Nangona kuqhutywe phambili kwiphando loPhando lwe-Parkinson, akukho nanye isilwanyana esibonakalisiweyo sinokusebenza njenge-levodopa ngokukhupha iimpawu zesi sifo.
Nangona kunjalo, imiphumo emibi, ngokukodwa ixesha elide elibandakanya ukutshintsha kweemoto kunye ne-dyskinesias, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwayo okwenene njengonyango olufanelekileyo.
Imithombo:
I-Clininson's Clinic and Clinic Research Centre. Izifo zePasinson's Medicine . UCSF, 2014.
"Imishanguzo yeMithi." - I-Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF) . I-Parkinson's Disease Foundation, nd