Iziphazamiso zomsebenzi wePlatelet yiqela lokuphazamiseka kwegazi apho iiplatelet zingasebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, ezikhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi. Ezi ntlupheko zinokufumana ilifa (zidlulile kwiintsapho) okanye zifunyenwe (ziphuhliswe ngexesha elizayo).
Ziziphi Iimpawu Zengxaki Yomsebenzi wePlatelet?
Iiplatelet ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokucima, inkqubo e sinceda siyeke ukuphuma kwegazi.
Ukuba iiplatelet zakho azisebenzi kakuhle, unomngcipheko ophezulu wokukhupha. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
- Ukunyuka kwamanani
- Iimbopho
- Ukuphuma kwegum
- I-Menorrhagia (ukuphuma kwexesha ngokugqithiseleyo)
- Ukuphuma ngexesha elide emva kokusika okanye ukulimala
- Ukuphuma ngexesha elide kunye nokuhlinzwa
Ziyintoni Ebangelwa Iingxaki Zomsebenzi wePlatelet?
Iziphazamiso zomsebenzi wePlatelet zinokuhlulwa zibe ziindidi ezibini: inzala (ifa) okanye ifunyenwe. Uninzi lweziphazamiso zintlungu, kubandakanya:
- I-thrombasthenia kaGlanzmann
- I-Bernard-Soulier syndrome
- I-grey platelet syndrome
- Izifo ezinxulumene ne-MYH9: I-May-Hegglin anomaly, i-Epstein syndrome, i-Fechtner syndrome kunye ne-Sebastian syndrome
- I-Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: Esi sisifo se-immunodeficiency kunye neeplatelet ezingasebenzi. Ibonakala kwiiplatelet ezincinci (ezininzi iziphazamiso zomsebenzi weplatelet ziqhelekileyo kwiiplatelets ezinkulu).
- I-Chediak-Higashi syndrome
- Isifo seHermansky-Pudlak
Izizathu ezifunyenweyo ziquka:
- Amachiza: Imithi efana ne-aspirin, i-dipyridamole (i-Persantine), ne-clopidgrel (i-Plavix) yenzelwe ukunciphisa umsebenzi weeplatelets. Ibuprofen nayo iyanciphisa ukusebenza kweeplatelets kodwa ngaphantsi kwe-aspirin.
- Isifo sesibindi
- I-Uremia (isifo esibi se-renal)
- Iingxaki zeMyeloproliferative ezifana ne-thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo
Iingxaki zoMsebenzi wePlatelet zixutyushwa njani?
Echasene nezinye iziphazamiso zeplatelet, ezidla ngokukhawuleza nenani leplatelet (eliphakanyisiweyo okanye elinciphileyo), izifo zomsebenzi weplatelet zinokuba nezibalo eziqhelekileyo zeplatelet.
Ezinye iintlobo zeengxaki zomsebenzi weplatelet zingaba ne- thrombocytopenia , okanye inani eliphantsi leplatelet. Iiplatelets kufuneka zihlaziywe phantsi kwe-microscope kwi-blood smear yegazi. Uninzi lweempazamo zomsebenzi we-plenital platelet lubangele kwiiplatelets ezikhulu kunokoqhelekileyo. Ezinye zilahlekile izinto eziphambili zeeplatelet, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-granules, ebonakalayo. Maxa wambi iiplatelet ziqhelekileyo ngokubonakala kunye nobukhulu.
Umsebenzi oseleyo uqala ngokufanayo nakweminye ingxaki yokuphuma kwegazi. Echasene ne- hemophilia (i-disorder of factors coagulation), iimvavanyo zokuhlola njengexesha le-prothrombin (PT) kunye nexesha le-thromboplastin (PTT) elincinane. Ukufumanisa ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi weplatelet kudinga uvavanyo olukhethekileyo. Ngezantsi uluhlu olufutshane lweemvavanyo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo.
- Isikhathi sokuhlawula: Olu vavanyo aluqwalaselwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiintlungu zomsebenzi weplatelet kwaye ngenxa yokunciphisa ukuhlolwa akuthathwa njengoluvavanyo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo yokucima.
- Isilingo somsebenzi wePlatelet: Oku kuqwalaselwe ngabaninzi ukuba bavavanye ukuvavanya ukuhlolwa kweengxaki zeplatelet. Olu vavanyo luchaphazeleka ngokubala kweplatelet kwaye alukwazi ukuba luchanekile ukuba unamaxabiso aseplatelet aphantsi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Platelet yokuhlalutya: Olu vavanyo lubheka indlela iiplatelets ezinamathelana ngayo (ulwahlulo) ekuphenduleni imizekelo eyahlukeneyo. Olu vavanyo lunokusetyenziswa ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwe-aspirin okanye i-clopidogrel (iTravix).
- I-platelet microscopy yombane: Le yindlela ekhethekileyo yokujonga iiplatelets nge-microscope ekhethekileyo ekwazi ukubona iindawo ezithile zeplatelet.
Ziziphi Iingonyango?
Unyango lusekelwe kwisifo somsebenzi ngamnye weplatelet onayo. Ezinye iziphazamiseko zomsebenzi weplatelet azifuneki ukuba unyango ngaphandle kokuba ulimaze okanye udinga ukuhlinzwa.
- I-Aspirin kunye ne-NSAID: Gwema i-aspirin okanye engeyiyo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) njenge-ibuprofen. La mayeza ayanciphisa umsebenzi weeplatelet ezingadlukisayo ingozi yokuphuma kwegazi.
- Izithintelo zokukhulelwa kwe-hormonal: Ezifana nezinye izimbangela zokuphuma kwexesha lokuphuma kwexesha, ukukhulelwa kwe-hormonal kungasetyenziselwa ukugcina ukuphuma kwexesha ukuya kumncinci.
- Amayeza anxamnye ne-fibrinolytic: Ngenxa yokuba kunokuba nzima ukuba umzimba wenze amaqhosha azinzileyo, ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinomanzi zomncosa (umlomo, impumlo, njl.), Amayeza antifibrinolytic afana ne-Amicar okanye i-Lysteda angasetyenziswa ukuyeka ukuphuma kwamanzi. La mayeza aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa kule miqathango yokuphuza i-nosebleeds, i-gum bleeding, kunye ne-menorrhagia. Zingasetyenziselwa emva kweenkqubo zokugada (ngokukodwa, umlomo, impumlo, nomqala) ukunqanda ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Ukuxilongwa kweplatelet : Kwanokuphazamiseka komsebenzi weplatelet kunye nokubala okuqhelekileyo kweplatelet, ukuxilongwa kweplatelet kunokusetyenziswa ukuphuma kwegazi okanye ukuba ufuna ukuhlinzwa.
- I-Factor VIIa (NovoSevenRT) ukunyuswa: Lo mveliso wokubuyisela ungasetyenziselwa kwezinye izigulane ezineengxaki zomsebenzi weplatelet. Oku kusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizigulane ezingenako ukufumana igazi lokukhetha igazi njengendlela yokwenza unyango.