Ingxaki yokuphuma kwegazi, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-coagulopathy, yimeko nje eyenza ukuba ukhululeke ngakumbi kunomntu oqhelekileyo. Umzimba awukwazi ukwenza i-clot ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuquka enye yeengxenye ze-coagulation (ukuphuma kwegazi kunye ne-clotting).
Inkqubo ye-coagulation kufuneka ilandelelanise, kungekhona ukuphuma kwegazi kodwa kungabi nakakhulu kakhulu.
Enye inxalenye yenkqubo iquka iplatelets , enye yamaseli ethu egazi. Inxalenye yesibini ifumaneka kwingxenye yamanzi egazini elibizwa ngokuba yi-coagulation. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu babhekisela kubantu abaneengxaki zokuphaphaza njenge "bleeders free".
Iimpawu
Iimpawu zentsholongwane yokuphuma kwegazi zinokuhluka kakhulu. Akubona zonke izigulane ezinokuphazamiseka kwegazi ziya kuba nazo zonke ezi mpawu.
- Ixesha eliqhelekileyo okanye ixesha elide
- Ukuphuma kwintsholongwane ephindaphindiweyo okanye ixesha elide
- Ixesha lokunyuka ngokwexesha elibhekiselele ekuthiwa yi-menorrhagia kunye nokuphuma kwegazi emva kokuhamba (emva kokunikezelwa)
- Ukuphuma ngexesha elide emva kwenduku yeenaliti (ukudweba kwegazi okanye ijoyiki njengesigontsho)
- Ukuphuma kwegazi ngokugqithiseleyo ngexesha okanye emva kokuhlinzwa okufuna imizamo eyongezelelweyo yokuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi
- Imivalo emikhulu
Kungenxa yokuba unokufumana enye yale mpawu ayithethi ukuba unayo ingxaki yokuphuma kwegazi. Kufuneka uxoxe ngeenkxalabo zakho kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.
Izizathu
- Ilifa : Ezinye izifo eziphazamisayo ezifana ne-hemophilia kunye ne-Von Willebrand zizuze ilifa, oku kuthetha ukuba umntu uzalelwe ngesifo.
- Isifo sesibindi : Iingxaki ze-coagulation zenziwa kakhulu kwisibindi. Abantu abanesifo esiqinileyo sesibindi abakwazi ukuvelisa iziganeko ezaneleyo ze-coagulation kwaye ngoko ke banokuthi baphelelwe igazi.
- Ubunzima be-Vitamin K : Izinto ezininzi ze-coagulation zifuna ukuba i-Vitamin K isebenze ngokuchanekileyo ukuze abantu abangenayo i-Vitamin K banako ukuphuma.
- Ulwaphulo lwe-Anticoagulation : Abantu kwi-antiticoagulation therapy (imithi ekhusela ukucima i-clotting) ingozi enkulu yokukhupha.
- Iziphazamiso zeplatelet : Ukuba iiplatelets azikwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, azikwazi ukwenza i-clot efanelekileyo engabangela ukuphuma kwegazi.
Iintlobo
- I-Hemophilia : Mhlawumbi i-disordered blood disordination isazi-hemophilia. Abantu abane-hemophilia abalahlekanga enye yeengxaki zabo. Igama lohlobo lwabo lwe-hemophilia lixhomekeke kwiyiphi into engekhoyo. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-hemophilia A; ezi zi gulane zilahlekile i-8 kwi-system coagulation. Kukho kwakhona i-hemophilia B (ukulahleka kwe-factor 9) kunye ne-hemophilia C (ubunzima be-factor 11). I-Hemophilia izuze ilifa (idlulile kwiintsapho). Iquka i-Y chromosome ukuze amadoda athathwe kakhulu. Abantu abane-hemophilia bangaba negazi elininzi ekukhuselweni okanye ngokukhawuleza (ngaphandle kokulimala) ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Isifo seWonbrand isifo : I-Von Willebrand isifo (VWD) sisifo esiqhelekileyo sokuphuma kwegazi emhlabeni. Kulinganiselwa ukuba i-1% yabemi inesimo esithile sesifo seVon Willebrand. I-VWD ibuye ilifa kodwa abesilisa nabasetyhini banokuchaphazeleka ngokufanayo. Isixa sokuphuma kwegazi singahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kukuphi uhlobo lwe-VWD umntu ozuze ilifa.
- Isifo sesibindi : Xa isibindi singasebenzi kakuhle, asikwazi ukuvelisa iimeko ze-coagulation. Ngaphandle kwezi zinto, izigulane zinokuphuma ngegazi elikhulu.
- Inani elincinane leplatelet (thrombocytopenia) : Kukho izizathu ezininzi zeeplatelet count ephantsi kuquka i- leukemia , impembelelo ecaleni ye-chemotherapy, i- thrombocytopenia ye- immune (apho isistim somzimba sisaphazamisa iiplatelets).
- Iziphazamiso zomsebenzi wePlatelet : Ukongeza kwimibala eplaslet ephantsi eyenza ukuphaphaka, ukuba iiplatelet zingasebenzi kakuhle, kuphuma igazi.
Unyango
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwelapha zokuphuma kumntu kumntu ophethe ingxaki yegazi.
Unyango olukhethiweyo lusekelwe kwisizathu sokukhubazeka kwegazi okanye indawo yokuphuma kwegazi.
- I-substitute substitution : Izigulane ezine-hemophilia ziyakwazi ukuzithengisa ngokwazo iimveliso zokutshintshela izinto ezinokuthi zingaphathe iipasiti eziphaphayo. Namhlanje, ezininzi izigulane ezine-hemophilia zenza iinguqu zokutshintshela izinto rhoqo ukukhusela ama-episodes egazi.
- I-Desmopressin (kwakhona ichongiwe ngegama lohlobo lwe-Stimate): I-Desmopressin yinto yokubuyisela i-hormone vasopressin. Ukuthatha i-desmopressin kubangela ukwanda kwexeshana ku-von Willebrand antigen kunye nenqaku 8 elingayeka ukuphuma kwizigulane ezine-hemophilia e-A okanye isifo se-von Willebrand.
- Ukuxilongwa kweplatelet: Ukuba inani leplatelet liphantsi okanye iiplatelet zisebenzisana ngokuchanekileyo, ukuxilongwa kweplatelet kunokwenziwa ukukhusela / ukuphathwa kwamanzi.
- I-plasma efriziwe efutshane: Izinto zokuqubana zifumaneka kwi-plasma (inxalenye yamanzi egazini). Ukuba umntu ulahleka izinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, njengokwehluleka kwesibindi, ukunyuka kwamanzi eplasma efriziwe.
- I-Vitamin K : Ukuba isigulane ukuba i-Vitamin K iswele, i-supplementation inganikwa.
- I-Antifibrinolytics : Le miyeza inokuthintela ukuphuma kwegazi ngokugqithiseleyo. Ezi zinto zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuphuma kwegazi emlonyeni okanye kwixesha elinzima lokuya esikhathini.
Ngexesha lokujonga uDokotela wakho
Ukuba ucinga ukuba unayo igazi eligqithiseleyo, ingakumbi ukuba abanye abantu kwintsapho yakho benza njalo, kufuneka uxoxe ngale ngxelo kunye nodokotela wakho. Ukuba ugqirha wakho uphinde uxhalabele, banokuqhuba umsebenzi wegazi lokuqala okanye bakubhekisele kwi-hematologist, ugqirha ogxininisekile kwigazi.