Ukuphononongwa kweMpawu, ukuchonga kunye nokunyangwa kweThrombocytopenia
Inkcazo
I-Thrombocytopenia yigama lonyango lokuchaza inani elincinane leplatelet. Iiplatelet enye yeeseli zethu zegazi kunye nomsebenzi wabo kukusinceda siyeke ukuphuma kwegazi. I-Thrombocytopenia ichazwa njenge-platelet count ngaphantsi kwama-150,000 cells / mL, kungakhathaliseki ukuba uneminyaka yakho.
Iimpawu
Ngenxa yokuba iplatelets ibalulekile ekumiseni ukuphuma, iimpawu kunye neempawu zihambelana nobungozi bokunyuka kwegazi.
Ukuba i-thrombocytopenia yakho imnene awunakho iimpawu. Inani elisezantsi leplatelet count,, mhlawumbi uya kuba negazi.
Iimbopho
Ukuhlanjululwa kwizinsini
Igazi kwi-urine okanye kwisitulo
I-blood blister emlonyeni obizwa ngokuba yi-purpura
Ukululaza
Amachaphaza amancinci amancinci afana nokugqithisa okubizwa ngokuba yi-petechiae
Izizathu
Kukho izimbangela ezininzi ze-thrombocytopenia kubandakanya iphutha lebhubhoratri. Ezinye izizathu zisesigxina kwaye zinokusombulula ngonyango kunye nezinye zifuna unyango lobomi bonke.
Iintsholongwane: Ngexesha leentsholongwane zentsholongwane umongo wakho wethambo ungenza iiplatelets ezimbalwa okwethutyana; oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-viral suppression. Xa intsholongwane ikhutshiwe emzimbeni, umongo wethambo ungaphinda uvelise imveliso evamile.
Amachiza: Amanye amayeza angavimbela amandla omzimba ukwenza iiplatelets okanye ukwenza izixhobo ezinokutshabalalisa iiplatelet. Uluhlu lwamachiza obangela i-thrombocytopenia lide kwaye luquka i-antibiotics (vancomycin, trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole, rifampin, nabanye), ranitidine (iZantac), amayeza aphatha i-malaria, kunye ne-valproic acid (imichiza yokulwa ne-anti-seizure). Ngenhlanhla, uninzi lwabantu abafumana le mayeza alisoze lwakha i-thrombocytopenia.
I-immune thrombocytopenia : Le yimeko apho i-immune system idideka kwaye ichithe iiplatelet xa ingafaneleki.
I-Malignancy: Ezinye i-cancer, ikakhulukazi i-leukemia, zingabangela ukubala kweeplatelet kunciphise. Oku kubangelwa ukuba umhlaza uthatha isikhala emnzini wethambo okhusela ukuveliswa kweeplatelets ezintsha.
I-Chemotherapy: Uninzi lwe-chemotherapy lusebenza ngokuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza kweeseli ezinjengeeseli zomhlaza. Ngelishwa, iiseli zethu zegazi zivela ekuhlukaniseni ngokukhawuleza iiseli kwintsipho yethambo kwaye xa zonakaliswe awukwazi ukwenza iiseli ezintsha zegazi okwethutyana. Zonke iiseli zegazi ezintathu zichaphazelekayo; oku kuthiwa yi-pancytopenia.
I-anemia ye-Aplastic : I-anemia ye-aplasma yimeko apho umongo wethambo awukwazi ukwenza iiseli zegazi ngokuqhelekileyo ezinokubangela i-thrombocytopenia.
I-thrombocytopenia enefa: Iimeko ezizuze njengefa njengeBernard Soulier kunye nezifo ezihlobene ne-MYH9 ezibangelwa i-thrombocytopenia yecala ukuya kutshintsho lwezofuzo.
I-Splenomegaly: Inxalenye yeeplatelets zethu igcinwe kwipeni, ilungu kumasosha omzimba. Ukuba ipenti iyakwandiswa, iiplatelet ezininzi ziboshwe ngetheni ezenza i-thrombocytopenia. I-Splenomegaly ingabangelwa yimimiselo emininzi kuquka i-portal hypertension okanye i-spherocytosis yefa.
I-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: Le meko ifunyanwe kakhulu kwiibhinqa ezikhulayo zenza amaqhezu amancinci ukuba enze kwimithambo yegazi etshabalalisa iiplatelet kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Ukukhulelwa: I-Thrombocytopenia inokuvela ngaphezu kwe-5% yokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo okanye ingaba ngumphumo we-pre-eclampsia.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Thrombocytopenia iqale ifunyanwe kwisifo esipheleleyo segazi (CBC). Oku kungathatyathwa njengenxalenye yesifundo somzimba sonyaka okanye ngenxa yokufika kumgqirha wakho ngeempawu zegazi. Ukufumanisa imbangela ye-thrombocytopenia yakho ugqirha uya kudinga ukuthumela ii-lab. Oku kuya kubandakanya i-blood smear ye-peripheral apho iiseli zegazi zihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Ukubonakala kweeplatelet kunokubonisa isizathu esithile se-platelet ephantsi. Ukongezelela, iimvavanyo ezivavanya umsebenzi weeplatelets, njenge-plane aggregometry, zinokukunceda ekufumaneni imbangela ye-thrombocytopenia.
Unokudinga ukuba uthunyelwe kwi-hematologist (ugqirha wegazi) ukufumanisa imbangela ye-thrombocytopenia yakho.
Unyango
Unyango lwakho lugqitywe ngobunzima beempawu zakho zokuphuma kwegazi kunye nesizathu se-thrombocytopenia. Zonke izigulane ezine-thrombocytopenia zifanele ziphephe i-aspirin okanye i-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (i-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen njengoko la mayeza anciphisa umsebenzi weplatelet kunye nokukwazi ukwenza i-clot.
- Akukho nanye: Ukuba i-thrombocytopenia yakho ithambile okanye xa ungenayo igazi elisebenzayo, awuyi kufuna naziphi na unyango. Ukuba i-thrombocytopenia yakho icingelwa ukuba isesibini kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane yakho isamba seplatelet singatshekishwa ngamaxesha amaninzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuyela kwinto evamile.
- Ukuxilongwa kwePlatelet: I-thrombocytopenia emfutshane, njengoko ibonwe ngexesha lokunyanga kwe-chemotherapy, inokuphathwa ngegazi lokuphala. Ukuxiliswa kweplateslet kusetyenziswa rhoqo xa unokuphuma ngegazi kunye ne-thrombocytopenia.
- Ukuyeka amayeza: Ukuba i-thrombocytopenia yakho yiphumo lonyango, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuyeka loo mayeza. Lo mdlalo wokulinganisela. Ukuba imeko yakho (njengokuthinteka) ilawulwa kakuhle kumachiza kwaye i-thrombocytopenia yakho ithambileyo, umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokuqhubeka naloo mayeza.
- Amachiza: Ukuba i-thrombocytopenia yakho iyimpembelelo ye-immune thrombocytopenia (i-ITP), unakho unyango ngamachiza afana ne-steroids, i-immunoglobulin (IVIg), okanye i-immune globulin.
- I-Splenectomy: Kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-thrombocytopenia, ipenethi yindawo eyintloko yokutshatyalaliswa kweeplatelets okanye ukubethwa kweeplatelet. I-Splenectomy, ukususwa kokutyunjwa kweseyile, kunokuphucula inani leplatelet yakho.
- Ukutshintshisiswa kwePlasma: I-Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) iphathwa nge-plasma exchange exchange. Kule nkqubo inxalenye ye-plasma (inxalenye yamanzi egazini) isuswe nge-IV kwaye ithathelwa indawo ye-plasma efudumele.
ILizwi
Ukuhlamba kungabonakalisa uphawu olwethusayo. Ukuba unegazi elingavamile okanye elide, xubusha iingxaki zakho ngogqirha wakho ukwenzela ukuba usebenze kakuhle kwaye unyango luqaliswe xa lufuneka.
> Umthombo:
> UGeorge JN noArnold DM. (2017). Indlela eya kumntu omdala ene-thrombocytopenia. Kwi-TW Post, uLLK Leung, kunye noJS Tirnauer (eds.) UpToDate .