Mhlawumbi uvile ngomntu ogxininwe lwakhe xa sine-mono isifo, okanye mhlawumbi omnye wabahlobo bakho balimaze i-spleen kwengozi yemoto. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abayazi nokuba ikhona.
Ipeni yakho ikhona kwicala elingasentla lasekhohlo sakho esiswini. Isisu nesinye siphelo se-pancreas (esibizwa ngomsila) sisondele kakhulu kuyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ipenethi ayinakukwazi ukuvalelwa ekuhlolweni, njengoko ihlaselwa phantsi kwe-ribcage. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-spleen yakho ikwandisa, ibizwa ngokuba yi-splenomegaly, ugqirha wakho (okanye wena) unokukwazi ukuva.
Yenzani Ingwenya Yakho?
Ipenti iyilungu elikhethekileyo elinemisebenzi emininzi. Kuthathwa njengelungu le-lymphatic system equka i-lymph nodes, i-tonsils, kunye ne-adenoids. Umsebenzi walo omkhulu kukususa "i-junk" ukusuka kumlambo wegazi.
I-spleen isifana nesiponji esineenkalo ezincinane kuyo (ezibizwa ngokuthi i-sinusoids). Wonke igazi lethu lihlonywa ngepeni. Enye yemisebenzi yayo ukususa amabhaktheriya egazini. Ngokukodwa, ipeni ibalulekile ekususeni into ebizwa ngokuba yi-bacterium engena kwigazi. Ukuba ipenethi ayisebenzi kakuhle okanye kufuneka isuswe ngokugqithiseleyo, usemngciphekweni ophezulu wokusuleleka kwale mabhaktheriya.
I-spleen yindawo apho igazi lamanqaku elibhekiselwe ukutshatyalaliswa ngamasosha omzimba asuswe.
Oku kwenzeka kwiimeko ezinjenge- autoemmune i-hemolytic anemia (amangqamuzana egazi obomvu) kunye ne- immune thrombocytopenia (iplatelets).
I-spleen iphinda ihlole umgangatho weeseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuba iseli elibomvu legazi lisondele ekupheleni kwexesha lokuphila okanye alikwazi ukuhamba ngokufanelekileyo kwenkqubo yegazi, i-pengu iyisusa kwi-circulation.
Kwakhona ukuba kukho izinto kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezingafaneleki zikhona, i-spleen ingasusa ezi zinto.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezithinta i-Spleen?
Ithenda inokuchaphazeleka yiimeko ezininzi zezokwelapha; makhe sihlole ezimbalwa:
- Isifo seseli seSickle : Kwi-cell cell cell, ii-cells ezibomvu zeseli azikwazi ukulungelelanisa kwaye zingabanjwa ngepeni, okwenza ukuba ipeni ikhule. Njengoko amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaninzi abanjwe ngepeni, ikhula kwaye inkulu. Oku kuthiwa yi-splenic sequestration crisis and can cause anemia efuna ukudluliselwa kwegazi. Amaseli obomvu agulekileyo awonakalisa izicubu zeenteni, ezikhokelela kwipeni engakwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Yingakho abantu abanesifo sengqungquthela segulane basengozini enkulu yokusuleleka.
- I-Thalassemia : Ekuqaleni kokuphuhliswa (ngaphambi kokuba kuzalwe), istile lijongene nokwenza iiseli zegazi. Kwi-thalassemia, umongo wethambo unzima ukwenza amangqombela egazi abomvu, ngoko i-spleen yandisa ngenzame yokuvelisa amanye amangqamuzana egazi abomvu.
- I-Hereditary spherocytosis : Kwi-spherocytosis yelifa, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zinesimo esingavamile kwaye zifakwe kwi-pen. Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-splenomegaly. Ukongezwa, ngenxa yesimo esingavumelekanga, zisuswe kwangaphambili ngepeni. Kwezinye izigulane ezine-anemia ezinzulu, ukususwa kwepeni kunokuba yonyango olucetyiswayo.
- Izifo: Akuqhelekanga kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane ukwenzela ukuba ipeni ikhuliswe. Oku kufana nexa i-lymph nodes entanyeni yakho yanda ngexesha lokugula. Intsholongwane exhaphakileyo enxulumene nokwandiswa kwendiza yi "mono" okanye i-mononucleosis, ebangelwa yi-Epstein Barr virus. Kwakhona, ngaphandle kwe-United States, i-malariya yimbangela enkulu ye-splenomegaly.
- I-Cancer: I-spleen ithathwa njengelungu le-lymph, kwaye inokubandakanywa kwi-lymphomas (umhlaza wesimiso se-lymphatic system). Inokuphinda ikhuliswe kwi-leukemia, umhlaza wamaseli amhlophe egazi.
- Izidumbu ze-Myeloproliferative : Abantu abane-primary myelofibrosis okanye i-polycythemia vera kaninzi banomdla we-splenomegaly njengenxalenye yeemeko zabo.
- I-hypertension ye-Portal : Kwi-portal yengozi yecembelelo, igazi alikwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwiteyile kwisibindi, kubangele ukugalelwa kwegazi kwipenethi okubangele ukuphuma kwe-splenomegaly.
- Inkathazo: I-trauma kwipeni, njengoko ibonakala kwingozi yemoto, ingonakalisa okanye yinqumle ipeni.
- Izimo ezivuthayo: Izimo ezivuthayo ezinjenge-rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, kunye ne-sarcoidosis zingabangela ukuvuvukala kwipenethi okubangelwa kubuhlungu be-splenomegaly.
Ungaphila Ngaphandle Kwetala Yakho?
Naphezu kwemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yestile, unokuhlala ngaphandle komnye. Kwezinye iimeko zonyango, ukutshatyalaliswa kokutshatyalaliswa kwepen (splenectomy) kunokuba unyango olukhethiweyo. Emva kwe-splenectomy, unomngcipheko omkhulu wokusuleleka kubaktheriya. Lo mngcipheko ungancitshiswa ngamagciwane kwaye unokuvavanywa konyango xa uphelelwa ngumkhuhlane. Ukuba i-pentile isuswe, isibindi singathatha ukunqanda ukuguga okanye iiseli ezibomvu zemizimba ebomvu. Iinzuzo kunye nobungozi be-splenectomy kufuneka zixoxwe kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe inkqubo.
ILizwi
Ipeni ibalulekileyo ebalulekileyo nemisebenzi eminingi. I-Splenomegaly, ukwandiswa kwetyeni, ngokuqhelekileyo ngumqondiso wenye imeko yonyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iphathwa ngokuphatha imeko ephantsi. Nangona i-splenectomy ingaba unyango oluncedo kwiimeko ezininzi zonyango, akusoloko kuyimfuneko. Ukuba u-splenectomy uye wakhuthazwa, qiniseka ukuba uxoxe nodokotela wakho izizathu zokuba kufuneka ufumane lo msebenzi kunye nokuba yiziphi iingozi ezikhoyo. Ekugqibeleni, abaninzi abantu baphila ubomi obupheleleyo kunye nobomi ngaphandle kokuhamba kwabo.
> Imithombo:
> Schrier SL. (2017). Indlela yokufikelela kwisigulane somntu omdala kunye ne-splenomeagaly kunye nezinye iingxaki zeplenic. Kwi-TW Post, i-WC Mentzer kunye ne-JS Tirnauer (eds.) UpToDate .
> McClain KL. (2017). Indlela yokufikelela kumntwana onesipali esandisiweyo. Kwi-TW Post, uDH Mahoney, kunye no-C Armbsy (eds.) UpToDate .