I-Thrombocyte enye igama le-plaletlet, iseli legazi elijongene negazi eliqhelekileyo. Ingcambu "thrombo" ithetha i-clot, kwaye uza kuyibona isetyenziswe nezifo kunye neemeko ezichaphazela iiplatelets kunye ne-clotting blood.
Ziziphi iiplatelet eziqhelekileyo
Iiplatesti zivela kwiiseli eziziwa njenge-megakaryocytes, ezifumaneka kwintolongo yethambo . Ziyimfuneko kwi-clotting yegazi eqhelekileyo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba xa kukho ukuphuka okanye ukusika kwelinye leemithonjeni zegazi, bayahambisana nesayithi, bathumele iimpawu zamachiza ukufumana uncedo oluthe xaxa, kwaye uqhagamshelane kunye nokwenza iplagi. Emva kokuba iplagi yenziwe, i-coagulation (i-clotting) i-cascade ivuliwe eyenza i-fibrin kwi-clot, ukuyihlanganisa.
Umzekelo wobomi wokwenene wegazi oqhekezayo ngowokuba unqamle umunwe wakho kwaye uyeka ukuphuma, kodwa kuya kwenzeka kwimithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho.
Ukuba azikho iiplatelet ezaneleyo (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-thrombocytopenia) umngcipheko wokukhupha okungalawulwayo okanye ukwedlula ixesha ukhula. Xa kuninzi iiplatelets egazini (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-thrombocytosis), inokukhokelela ekubunjweni okungavumelekanga kwegazi, ezinokuthi zizingcipheko kwaye zisongela ubomi.
I-Aspirin kunye nezinye izidakamizwa ezingenayo i-steroidal ezichasayo zivimbela umsebenzi weplatelet, kungenxa yoko unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuwasebenzisa ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okanye inkqubo.
Oko i-Platelet yakho ibala
Ukujonga amanani, ubukhulu, kunye nempilo yeeplatelet (thrombocyte) yinxalenye yovavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-Blood Count (CBC). Inani leplatelet liyinombolo ebalulekileyo ugqirha wakho ukuze wazi ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze uqikelele ukuphuma kwegazi kunye neengxaki zokuqhawula. Kwakhona kubaluleke kwinani le-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiation njengoko oku kunokuthintela ukuveliswa kweeplatelet kwintolongo yethambo.
- I-Platelet Count (PLT): Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo luyi 150-450 10 3 / microliter okanye 150,000 - 450,000 nge-microliter nganye.
- Umthamo weplatelet ophakathi (MPV): ubungakanani obukhulu beeplatelets. Iiplatelets ezincinci zikhulu kunezikhulile, ngoko inani eliphakanyisiweyo lithetha ukuba uvelisa kwaye ukhulula ngokukhawuleza ngelixa inani elincinane lithetha ukuveliswa kwemveliso kwintolongo yethambo.
- Ubungakanani bokusabalalisa iiplatesti (PDW): ukuhluka kobukhulu beeplatelets, ezingabonisa iimeko ezichaphazela iiplatelets.
Iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wePlatelet zingaphinde zenziwe xa kukho iimpawu okanye ezinokwenzeka ukuphuma kwegazi ngokugqithiseleyo, kunye nokubeka iliso kwiyeza zokulwa neeplatelet.
Yintoni ebangela i-Thrombocytopenia, i-Low Platelet Count?
Kukho inani lezinto ezinokubangela ukubala kweplatelet ephantsi. Xa ufumana i-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation, unokuba ne-lowlet count count ngenxa yemiphumo ephazamisayo kwiiseli ezenza igazi kwi-bone yakho.
Eminye imizekelo yeemeko ezinokubangela ukuba i-thrombocytopenia ibandakanye izifo zentsholongwane ezihlasela umongo weethambo, i-syndromes e-autoimmune efana ne-lupus, i-immune thrombocytopenic purpura, i-HELLP syndrome ekukhulelwe, ine-valve yenhliziyo, i-heparin antibodies, imithi ethile, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala, izifo zesibindi, i-sepsis enobuhlungu, kunye nezobuhlungu.
Inani leplatelet elingaphantsi kwe-20,000 nganye nge-microliter ngumngciphekweni wobungozi obunokuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kungenziwa kwaye kube nzima ukuma. Kulo nqanaba, unakho ukunikezelwa nge-platelet transfusion.
Yintoni i-Thrombocytosis okanye i-High Platelet Count Means
Ukubala okuphezulu kweplatelet kunokuvela kwintlupheko yesifo somnxeba oyintloko (umzekelo, i-thrombocytosis ebalulekileyo) okanye ngenxa yokuvuvukala okungapheliyo emzimbeni, ukusuleleka, ukungabikho kwesifo se-anemia, okanye ukususwa kwetyana lomntu.
Ukubala okuphezulu kweplatelet nako kubonakala kumhlaza, ngokukodwa ngomhlaza wesisu, kunye ne-lymphoma, umphunga, i-ovarian, kunye nomhlaza wesifuba.
Oku kucatshangelwa kukuba ngenxa yokuvuvukala okunxulumene nokugula okukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeplatelet kwintsipho yethambo.
Ezinye iimeko ezingabonisa i-thrombocytosis ziquka iziganeko ezivuthayo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne-IBD. Ukongezelela, ukunyuka okwethutyana kwi-countlet count kungenzeka emva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu okanye ukuxhwaleka.
> Imithombo:
> Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry. Uvavanyo lweLeb kwi-Intanethi: I-Platelet Count.
> Gauer RL, Braun MM. Thrombocytopenia. I-Phys Physician . 2012 Mar 15; 85 (6): 612-22.
> Ioannis A Voutsadakis. I-Thrombocytosis njengomqondiso wokuxela kumdlavuza wesisu. Ihlabathi J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014 Feb 15; 6 (2): 34-40.