Kutheni i-potassium ephantsi ingaba yingozi, nendlela yokuyiphatha ngokukhuselekileyo
Ukususela kwixesha ekuqale lihlukaniswe nomlotha wezityalo (i-potash) amawaka eminyaka edlulileyo, ukuqonda kwethu kwipeksiyamu yendalo yamachiza kuye kwanda. Namhlanje, bekungekho ukugqithisa ukuthetha ukuba ubomi, njengoko siyazi, bekungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kwe potassium. Asibheki nje ngokusebenza komzimba womntu apha. I-Potassium, eqinisweni, iyimfuneko kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo malunga nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo.
Umsebenzi wePotassium oyiNtloko kwiPhysics
Ubuninzi be-potassium yomzimba bufumaneka ngaphakathi kweeseli, kwaye kungekho ngaphandle kwetsholongwane ehlamba ezo iiseli (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-extracellular fluid). Ukwahlukahlula okukhulu kwiindawo ezijoliswe kuyo kugcinwa yi-enzyme ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ingqibelelo yazo zonke iiseli zezilwanyana, kwaye kuthiwa yi- sodium-potassium ATPase pump . Oku kufumaneke kumlenze ovule iseli.
Le enzyme ipheputha i-sodium ngaphandle, ne-potassium kwiseli, kumlinganiselo we-3 kuya kwe-2. Lo mgangatho phakathi kweengxube ze potassium ngaphakathi kweseli kwaye ngaphandle kweseli yindlela yokuqhuba umbane wayo, ebizwa ngokuba yintsebenzo enokuthi, ngaphandle kweyiphi imisipha kunye neeseli zeethambo ezingenakuyenza imisebenzi yazo. Ngexesha elizayo xa usela isiselo sakho se-electrolyte oyithandayo nge potassium, zithatha isikhashana ukuqonda iindlela ezinzulu ezilawula i-physiology yakho.
Umsebenzi weeNgxaki ekulawuleni iiNqanaba zePotassium
Njengama-electrolytes amaninzi, iinjongo zinoxanduva olukhulu lokugcina izinga eliqhelekileyo legazi le-potassium.
Ngoko ke, amazinga aphantsi kunye neepotassium aphezulu anokufumaneka kwiintlungu zeengxaki. Kukho ezinye iindlela ezithintekayo kwizinga le-potassium kwigazi lethu kunye (njenge-intake ngomlomo we potassium njengenxalenye yokutya, i-asidi yegazi lethu, njl.), Kodwa ngomzuzwana-ukuya kwemizuzu nangona kunjalo, iinjongo umlawuli.
Ukuba ingxube ye-potassium iphakame kakhulu igazi , iintsholo ziqala ukukhupha ngaphandle kokuphuma emgqeni. Ukuba inqanaba liwela kakhulu ukuthuthuzela, iinjongo zinganciphisa ukuphuma ngaphandle kokungenani ubuncinane. Ukungakwazi kweentso ukuphendula ngale ndlela eqhelekileyo kwimeko ejongene namanqanaba aphantsi egazini le-potassium kuthiwa yi-potassium yokuqothula.
Amanqanaba e-Potassium aphantsi kakhulu kwiGazi: Hypokalemia
Ukutshabalalisa i-potassium ye-renal yisona sizathu esinye sezigaba ezingaqhelekanga ze potassium egazini. Ukusuka kwindlela yokucinga, indlela elula yokuqonda izizathu ze-potassium ephantsi yegazi kukuba ukwahlula ezo zizathu zibe ngamacandelo amabini: imeko ze-potassium ephantsi kwigazi, okanye iimeko zokulahlekelwa kwindleko . Nangona kunjalo, nolu luhlu olupheleleyo ngakumbi:
- Ukunciphisa ukondla ngomlomo we-potassium equkethe ukutya
- Ukwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-potassium ukusuka emanzini-oku kungaquka iinkampani ezinjenge-diarrhea apho i-potassium ilahleka kwiindawo, okanye ukuhlanza, apho ukuhlanza okukhulu kunokukhokelela ekulahlekeni kwe-potassium emanzini (ngenxa yeendlela ezingaphaya kwelo nqaku).
- Ukwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-potassium kumchamo-le nto ingabonwa ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu le-mineralocorticoids (ama-hormone aveliswa yi-adrenal gland esebenza ezintsheni ukulawula ukugcinwa kwe-potassium), nangenxa yezizathu zangaphandle (ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwezidlovetics, ezaziwa ngokuba "iipilisi zamanzi", umz. furosemide okanye i-hydrochlorothiazide. Ezinye izizathu ziquka izinto ezinjenge- Bartter syndrome , i-Gitelman syndrome, iziyobisi ezifana ne-amphotericin B, njl.
- Ukwandiswa kwe-potassium kwiseli, ukwenzela ukuba izinga alinakulinganiswa ekuhlolweni kwegazi rhoqo (oko kuhlola izinga le potassium kwi-serum, eyona iplasma yamanzi ihlamba iiseli zethu, ikhuphe iiprotheni ezithile). Kule meko, inani elipheleleyo le-potassium emzimbeni lilinganayo kwaye akukho ntsalela yomnatha. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni utshintsho lwendawo, alukwazi ukulinganiswa. Oku kungakhokelela kumanqanaba aphakamileyo e-insulini, ukuphakama okuphezulu kwigazi, njl.
- Ukwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-potassium kwi-sweating excessive. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi kwizigulane ezine-cystic fibrosis.
I-potassium ephantsi njani ifuthe impilo yakho?
Ukuguqulwa kwimizimba yethu yomzimba kunye nombane wamandla omzimba, okanye isenzo esinokwenzeka, sisona sizathu esiphezulu esisemva kweempawu kunye nempawu onokuzifumana ngenxa yamazinga aphantsi e-potassium.
Nolu uluhlu olufutshane lweengxaki onokuzifumana:
- Ubuthakathaka besiphako, ukungabikho kwamandla, i-cramps, njl. Oku akubandakanyi nje imizimba yethu yomzimba, kodwa kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu kunokuchaphazela imisipha ebandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yokuphefumula (ukuphefumula). Ngenxa yoko, iimeko ezinzima ze-hypokalemia zingakhokelela ekuphelelweni kokuphefumula nokufa.
- Ukungaqhelekanga kwintetho yesimo senhliziyo: Oku kwakhona kunokusongela ubomi kwiimeko ezinzima.
- Ukwandiswa kwengcinezelo yegazi
- Ukuphakama kwinqanaba leshukela legazi ngenxa ye-potassium ephantsi eyenza ukunciphisa i-insulin
- Ngethuba elide, amazinga e-potassium aphantsi aqhubekayo angenza utshintsho kwizintso 'isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi.
Ukhuseleko olukhuselekileyo lweeNqanaba eziPhantsi zePotassium luyimfuneko
Ukuxhaswa ngokucophelela nokunyuswa kwe-potassium kunokunyanga i-hypokalemia kwaye ivelise amanqanaba aqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, isizathu esiyimbangela ye-hypokalemia kufuneka ichongwe ngokunjalo ukuze isifo, kwaye kungekhona nje uphawu / uphawu oluphathwayo. Kwizigulane ezonakalisa ukutshabalalisa i-potassium kwiintso, uhlobo oluthile lwemithi, olubhekiswa njenge-potassium yokukhupha i-diuretics lunokuba luncedo olukhulu.
Ukulumkisa okuthe xaxa kufuneka kusetshenziswe nge-intravenous supplementation of potassium kuba ukunyonywa kungabangela ubuhlungu xa kwenziwa ngendlela engafanelekanga, okanye ngokukhawuleza. Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke kwiimeko zixhaswa kakhulu nge potassium, eziza kubangela amazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini . Njengoko unokuba uqokelele ngoku, umzimba wethu usebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwicandelo elithile legazi le potassium. Nantoni na ephakamileyo okanye ephantsi kunokuba yingozi yokuphila kwiimeko ezinzima. Akufuneki ukuthetha, ukunyanga i-hypokalemia enzima akuyona iphrojekthi ye-DIY kwaye kufuneka yenziwe phantsi kolawulo lugqirha, nokuba uceba ukuyenza ekhaya. Ukuba i-potassium ephantsi yegazi ayibonakali, okanye ukuba unyango ludinga inani elingapheliyo lokutshatyalaliswa kwe-potassium, qwalasela ukufumana intsebenziswano kunye nodokotela wengcali ojongene nale micimbi, oko kukuthi, i-nephrologist .
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