Yintoni Ongayilindela KwiiNqanaba Zokugqibela Zokuhluleka Kwezintso?
Isifo sokuphela kwesigxina sesifo sesifo sesigxina sokugqibela sesifo sesifo esiswini. Kulo nqanaba lokugqibela, izintso azikwazi ukusebenza zodwa, oku kuthetha ukuba umntu ufuna i- dialysis okanye ukutshintshwa kwezintso ukuze aphile. Nangona ukufakelwa kukukhethekileyo njengoko kunika unyango, kungekhona wonke umntu umviwa kulo msebenzi.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abaninzi abantu abanezifo zesifo esingasigxina abapheli ekudinga i-dialysis.
Oku kungenxa yokuba, ngokunyamekela kwangaphambili, umntu unako ukuthoba isifo.
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo uhlala kwizigaba zokugqibela zesifo seengtso, ungalindela ntoni, kwaye yintoni efana nokufa ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwintliziyo?
Inkcazo yeZifo eziSifo esiPhezulu
Izintso zakho zefayili kunye nenkunkuma ephuma kwigazi lakho. Xa umsebenzi wakho wezintso uyancipha, inkunkuma iqokelela emzimbeni, kwaye le nkunkuma iyakunceda ekugqibeleni iholele kwiimpawu ezinjengezonyameko ezinzima kunye nokuhlanza, ukulahleka kwesidlo, kunye nokugula kunye nobuthathaka jikelele.
Ukulahleka kwemisebenzi yengqondo eqhelekileyo inokuvela ngokukhawuleza (ebizwa ngokuba sisifo esichukumisayo sesifo) okanye ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu (ezibizwa ngokuba zizifo ezingasigxina zesifo). Isifo sesifuba esisisigxina sinokukwazi ukuguqula ngokwaso. Kodwa kwiintsholongwane ezingasigxina, umsebenzi wezintso ngokugqithiseleyo udlula ixesha.
Kukho izigaba ezinhlanu zesifo esingasigxina sesifo, kunye nesigaba sesihlanu esimele isifo sesifo sokuphela kwesigxina.
Ngamanye amagama, ngaphandle kokulinganisa ubomi njengo-dialysis okanye ukutshintshwa kwezintso, umntu uya kufa kwiveki okanye njalo.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba umsebenzi wezintso zomntu uhamba ngokunyuka ngakumbi, nangona isantya apho umsebenzi wezintso unqabile kwaye ushintsho ukusuka kwisigaba esinye kuya kwesinye kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi (umzekelo, imeko yezempilo echaphazelekayo eyabangela isifo sesifo kwindawo yokuqala).
Kungathatha iminyaka emininzi okanye amashumi eminyaka ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwenkunkuma yokuqhubela phambili kwisigaba sokugqibela sesifo.
Izizathu
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo zezifo zesifo esingasigxina; ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zisesifo sikashukela kunye negazi eliphezulu.
Ezinye izizathu ziquka:
- I-Lupus (i-systemic lupus erythematosus)
- Nefrotic syndrome
- Isifo sezintso zePolycystic
- Ukuphinda kugwenxa izifo
- Ukuvalwa kwexesha elide lomzila wamanzi (umzekelo, ukusuka kwidumbu okanye i-prostate gland yamadoda)
Kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha ukuba ahlaziye "isizathu" emva kwesifo sakho sezintso kuba unokukwazi ukucotha isifo sakho phantsi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu, ngoko ugqirha wakho unokuba nobudlova ngokubeka iliso lwakho uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye uligcine kwindawo eqhelekileyo. Ngokufanayo, ukulawulwa ngokunyameko kwesuksi yakho yegazi xa unesifo sikashukela, kunokunciphisa ukuncipha kweentso zakho.
Ukuxilongwa
Kukho iinzame ezenziwa ngugqirha ukuze uhlolisise kakuhle isifo sakho sengqondo esisifo esingapheliyo, kwaye ezinye zezi mvavanyo (umzekelo, iimvavanyo zegazi) ziza kuphinda ziphindwe kaninzi, njengoko uqhubela phambili kwisigaba sokugqibela.
Imizekelo yeemvavanyo ugqirha wakho oza kuyenza ukuxilonga nokujonga umsebenzi wakho wezintso kubandakanya:
- Iimvavanyo zegazi ezilinganisa umsebenzi wakho wezintso (umzekelo, i-BUN kunye nenqanaba le-creatinine) kunye namanqanaba e-electrolyte (umzekelo, izinga lakho le-potassium)
- Uvavanyo lweeUni
- Ingqondo yakho ye-Ultrasound
- I-Biopsy yeentso zakho (inkqubo apho isampuli esincinci isithathwa kwiintso zakho kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope)
- I-scan yakho yeentso zakho
Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukugqiba izinga lokuhlanjululwa kwe-glomerular (GFR). Eli nani livumela ugqirha wakho ukuba aziqonde kakuhle umsebenzi wakho wezintso kwaye ugqibe isigaba sesifo sakho. I-GFR ibalwa ngokulula usebenzisa i-level creatinine yegazi, ubudala, isini kunye nohlanga.
Nangona ezinye zezi mvavanyo ziqale ziyalwe ngumgqirha we-internist okanye ugqirha lwezonyango, umntu ogula isifo esingasasigxina ekugqibeleni ubhekiselwa kwiingcali zezintso ezibizwa ngokuba yi-nephrologist, ngokukodwa njengoko iqhubela phambili ukuya kwizigaba zamva.
Enyanisweni, uphando lubone ukuba abo bathunyelwa kwi-nephrologist bahlala ixesha elide kunabo abangaboni ochwepheshe.
I-nephrologist ingayilandela ngokucophelela umsebenzi wengqondo yakho kwaye ixoxe ngesicwangciso sonyango kunye nawe xa izintso zakho ziphumelela. Unako ukubeka iliso naziphi na iingxaki ezivela ngenxa yesifo sakho sezintso, njenge-anemia okanye isifo seethambo.
Iimpawu
Njengoko ukunyuka kwesifo sesifo esingasasigxina kuyahluka, kunjalo ke iimpawu ezihambelanayo. Ukongezelela, ixesha apho umntu eqala ukufumana iimpawu zesifo sakhe sezintso asinqunywanga kwaye some. Enyanisweni, abaninzi abantu baziva bekulungele ukude isifo sabo siphumelele. Esi sizathu esinye sokubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo kwiimvavanyo zegazi.
Ezinye zeempawu umntu aziva nazo kwizifo zesifo esingasasigxina, ngokukodwa njengoko ziqhubela phambili kwisigaba sokugqibela, zibandakanya:
Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla
Into yokuqala onokuyibona iyayivakalelwa ngokulala okanye ukhathele kunokuqhelekileyo. Iipatheni zakho zokulala zingatshintsha. Unokulala ngakumbi emini okanye unobungozi bokulala ebusuku. Ukukhathala okunxulumene nokuhluleka kwezintso kuyahluke kunokuba ukhathele ngokuqhelekileyo. Unokuziva unxinekile nangona ubusuku obuhle bokulala okanye indebe yekhofi.
Iinguqu Zengqondo
Unokwazi ukubona ukudideka kancinci okanye iingxaki ezigxilwe phambili kusenokwenzeka ukuba zenze inkqubela, ukuxhalaba , ukunyanzeliswa, okanye i- delirium . Xa umntu eba nenkunkuma eyingozi kwi-kidney failure, ukuxhatshazwa kunye ne-coma kungenzeka.
Ukujonga okungavamile
Imilenze engenasiphelo, iinyawo ezivuthayo, okanye ezinye iingxaki zengqondo zingakhula ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhulu senkunkuma. Enyanisweni, xa kwenzeka le nto, ingaba uphawu lokuba i-dialysis iyadingeka ngokukhawuleza.
Utshintsho lweMiscle
Njengamaminerali ekwakhiwa egazini, unokwazi ukubona i-muscle twitching okanye i-cramps, ingakumbi ebusuku.
Utshintsho lwesikhumba
Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-urea egazini kunokubangela ukuba isikhumba sakho sitshintshe, kwaye usenokuhlakulela i-powder emhlophe ekhanda lakho. Ukutshiza kungasetyenziswa ngokulawulwa ngama-creams okanye ama-antihistamines, afana ne-Benadryl (diphenhydramine ) .
Ukutya kunye noTshintsho lobunzima
Ukutya kwakho kuya kuncipha , kwaye unako ukunciphisa umzimba. Ngenye indlela, unako ukufumana ubunzima njengoko umzimba wakho ugcina ulwelo olongezelelweyo.
Ukuba awuvelisi umchamo obuninzi kodwa uqhubeka usela amanzi, ungabona ukuba iinyawo zakho, imilenze, kunye ne-ankle zivule, ebizwa ngokuba yi-edema.
Ukungondleki kwintsholongwane engasigxina yingxaki enkulu, kungenxa yokuba abantu baya kulandela ukutya okukhethekileyo ukwenzela ukwandisa isimo sabo sesondlo.
Utshintsho kwi-Urination
Ungadlula encinci okanye ungabikho umchamo. Ukuba ngaba kunjalo kuwe, ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wamanzi oselayo unokuphucula izinga lakho lokuthuthuzela ngokunciphisa inani lokukhuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni wakho.
Abanye banokufumana utshintsho kwi-pattern of urination ezifana nokuchukumisa ngaphezulu, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umchamo wabo (obizwa ngokuba yi-incontinence), okanye ukuphuhlisa izifo ezithintekayo.
Ukungasebenzi kwezesondo
Abasetyhini bavame ukukhula kweengxaki zesikhombisa kunye nokuvelisa izifo zesifo esingasasigxina kanti abantu bahlakulela ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile. Ukongezelela, abaninzi abafazi abafikelela kwisigxina sesifo seengongoma bayeke ukuba namaxesha.
Utshintsho olushushu
Ukwakhiwa kwama-acids egazini kunokubangela utshintsho ekuphefumla, njengokuphefumula ngokukhawuleza nangaphezulu, kodwa oku kutshintshwayo akunakulungeleki. Nangona kunjalo, i-fluid inokwakha kwimipuphu kunye nodonga lwesifuba esibangela ukuphefumula nokuphefumula kwesifuba.
Ezinye iinguqulelo
Kukhona ezinye iinkalo zempilo ezinxulumene nezifo ezingapheliyo zesifo ezifana nesibalo segazi esiphantsi, iiplatelet ezisezantsi (ezinceda ukuvala igazi lakho kwaye kunokukhokelela ekuncineni lula), iingxaki zethambo, ukungondleki, ukutshintsha kwamanzi kunye ne-electrolyte engafanelekiyo. Ukuphefumula umphunga, ukuhlanza, kunye ne-hiccups enzima.
Unyango
Ukunyanga kwesifo sakho sesifo esisigxina kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kwezintso zakho. Ngokomzekelo, umntu kwisigaba esingaphantsi sesifo sesifuba esingapheliyo unokukwazi ukuthatha i-diuretic ukukhupha ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umntu onesifo sesifo sokuphela kwesigxina esingenzi umchamo udinga i-dialysis ukususa umthamo ogqithiseleyo ovela emzimbeni.
Ugqirha wakho uya kuphazamisa naziphi na iingxaki ezinxulumene nesifo sakho sezintso. Ngokomzekelo, unokudinga unyango lwe-anemia okanye isicikisi ukukhusela ukulahleka kwethambo.
Amanqanaba okugqibela weZifo Zengcinezelo Kwabathandekayo
Abantu ngamanye amaxesha banokuhlala iminyaka emininzi ngoncedo lwe-dialysis. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwe-dialysis, okanye ukuba umntu ukhetha i-forego dialysis, ukufa kufuthi kubakho kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Njengoko iibhoksi zakhiwa egazini (ebizwa ngokuba yi-uremia), umntu uya kuqala ukulala kakhulu emini. Uyakubona izinto ezingekho, okanye uthetha ngokuthetha nabantu abafayo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ulusu lwakhe lunokuba ngumbane, kwaye uya kulahlekelwa yindlala. Ingqiqo yomeleza ingaphinde iphele, nangona ukungaphumeleli kweengtso kunokubangela ukoma okunzulu. Njengoko esondela ekufeni, unokuba ngumfutho omkhulu kwaye ahlakulele ukuphefumula ( Cheyne-Stokes breath breath ). Ezi zimpawu zingenakukhathazeka kakhulu kubantu abathandekayo, kodwa abonakala bengenakukhathazeka ngomntu ofa. Njengoko esondela ekufeni, mhlawumbi uya kungena kwi-coma. Ngeli xesha, ukuchitha ixesha kunye naye kubalulekile. Siye safunda ukuba umva wokuva kuyindlela yokugqibela yokushiya, ngoko ukuthetha naye kunokuthuthuzela kakhulu.
Xa kuthelekiswa nabantu ababulawa ngumhlaza, abo babulawa ngesifo sokuphela kwesigulo bafumana ukuba banamazinga aphezulu okubhedlelelwa esibhedlele kunye nemiyalelo embalwa yokuphela kwempilo. Kucingelwa ukuba abantu abanesifo seengongoma 5 basenokufumana inzuzo ekunyamekeleni nokucwangcisa okungcono ekupheleni kobomi. Ukuba umhlobo wakho ujongene nalezi nqanaba zokugqibela, xela udokotela wakhe malunga nokunyamekela kunye nokukhetha okunjengokunyamekela esibhedlele.
ILizwi
Ukuba unesifo sesifo esingasasigxina, unokuba noxhala lokucinga ngekamva. Hlala uqine kwaye uqhubeke usebenza kunye nogqirha wakho. Ukubeka iliso ngokukhawuleza nokufumanisa kwangaphambili isifo sesifo kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni izintso zakho.
Ukuba unesifo sengqondo sokuphela kwesifo kunye ne-dialysis okanye usondele kakhulu ekuqalekeni kwe-dialysis, nceda uqiniseke ukuba uxoxe ngemibuzo yakho yonke, ukukhathazeka, ukulindela kunye neenjongo zokunyamekela ngogqirha wakho.
Enoba ukhetha ukuba ne-dialysis, okanye ukuba akunjalo, xela ugqirha wakho ngononophelo olusisigxina. Kubantu abanomdlavuza, oku kudlalwa ekwakheni ukutyelelwa kwekliniki, kwaye kwenziwa icebo elicwangcisekileyo. Xa unesifo sengqondo, ungadinga ukuqalisa le ngxoxo ukuze ufumane unyango olungcono kwaye ube nomgangatho obalulekileyo wobomi kunye nexesha elingakanani oshiye kulo.
> Imithombo:
> Isizwe seSizwe soSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane. Yiyiphi Ingxaki Zengxaki Zengxaki? https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/what-is-chronic-kidney-disease
> Raghavan, D., noJ. Holley. Ukunyamekela kokunyamekela komonde we-CKD omdala: Isikhokelo esiSebenzayo. Uphuhliso lweZifo eziSifo esiPhezulu . 2016. 23 (1): 51-6.
> Rosenberg, M. Uqwalaselo oluPhezulu loLawulo lweZifo eziSigxina esingapheliyo kubantu abadala. UpToDate . Ukuhlaziywa nge- 12/06/17.
> Wachterman, M., Lipsitz, S., Lorenz, K., et al. Ukuphela kweeNkcazo zoLuntu lwaBadala abakhulileyo Ukulahlwa kweSigxina seSigxina seNtsholongwane: Ukuthelekisa neCarcer. I-Journal ye-Pain kunye neSimptom Management . 2017. 54 (6): 789-797.
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