IDial Dialysis 101
Xa iintsho zakho ziqala ukusilela , uya kuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kwamanqanaba okulahlekelwa yintliziyo. Ezi zigaba zihlelwe ukusuka kwisigaba 1 ukuya ku-5 zezifo zesifo esingasigxina (CKD). Isigaba sesi-5 sibi kakhulu xa abantu abaninzi befuna i-dialysis okanye ukutshintshwa kweengso. Akubona wonke umntu oqala ngesifo sengqondo esifanelekileyo (isigaba 1-3), uya kuqhubela phambili kwisigaba 5.
Izifo zengqondo ziza kunye neluhlu olude lokuhlambela. Kwiigaba zokuqala zeCKD, ezi ngxaki ziyakuthatyathwa ngokuphathwa kwezobugcisa. Okokuthi, iipilisi kufuneka zanele ukuphatha iingxaki ezinjenge-high blood pressure, i-electrolytes engavamile, ukuvuvukala okanye i-edema (ekulindeleke ukuba ivele kwiCKD). Nangona kunjalo, ekugqibeleni, ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwinqubekela phambili kwisifo sezintso eziphambili, okanye isigaba sesi-5 seCKD, ezi nkxwaleko ziqala kanzima kwaye zinzima ukunyanga kunye nolawulo lwezonyango kuphela. Ngeli xesha, ukuba awufumani ukutshintshwa kweengtso (okanye ukuba awufanelekanga), uya kudla ufune i-dialysis. Ngoko makhe sithethe ngemibandela embalwa engundoqo eyona zigulane ezininzi ziya kuba nazo malunga ne-dialysis.
Yintoni i-dialysis?
I-Dialysis yindlela yokufakelwa kwezinye izinto zeentso. Iinjongo zenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni, ngaphaya nje kokwenza "umchamo." Ndiwugubungele le mi sebenzi ngenye indawo , kodwa nantsi isishwankathelo esifutshane:
- Izintso zilawula kwaye zigcine zonke i-electrolytes njenge-sodium, i-potassium, njl ngaphakathi kwimiba ebalulekileyo ebomini obuqhelekileyo
- Zilawula umlinganiselo wamanzi egazini lakho, ngoko ke ukugxininiswa kwegazi lakho.
- Zivelisa i-hormone efunekayo ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, ebizwa ngokuthi "erythropoietin"
- Baqinisekisa ukuba amathambo akho ahlala enempilo ngokuvelisa uhlobo lwe-vitamin D
- Zilahla i-asidi engaphezulu, eyenziwa kwi-metabolism evamile, ngaphandle kwenkqubo yakho
- Kubaluleke kakhulu, balawula uxinzelelo lwegazi
I-Dialysis izama ukutshintsha indawo ethile, kodwa ayiyiyo yonke le mi sebenzi.
Uluhlu lwe-dialysis lwenziwa njani? Ziziphi iintlobo ze-dialysis?
Indlela i-dialysis eyenziwa ngayo ixhomekeke kuhlobo lokudida. Inkqubo enye (eyona eqhelekileyo eqeshwe e-US) ibizwa ngokuba yi- hemodialysis . I-Hemo igama lesiGrike elibhekisela kwigazi. Ngako oko "i-dialysis yegazi" yilapho igazi legulane lisuswa "kwi-dialysis yokufikelela" kwaye isasazwa ngomatshini onesihlunu esichaza umsebenzi wefayile. Xa igazi lihamba kuloluhlu (olubizwa ngokuba yi-dialyzer), igazi elihlanjululwe libuyiselwa kwisigulane. I-Hemodialysis iqhutyelwa "kwisiko se-dialysis" ( kwindawo-hemodialysis ), apho idla ngokuphindwe kathathu ngeveki, kwiiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezine (oku kuxhomekeke kwisayizi somguli). Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba enze i-hemodialysis ekhaya. Oku kubizwa ngokuthi i- home hemodialysis . Le ndlela ingenziwa rhoqo ngamahlanu ukuya kwe sixhenxe ngeveki, kodwa iseshoni ngasinye siba mfutshane kwiiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-dialysis olwenziwa ekhaya lubizwa ngokuba yi- peritoneal dialysis . I-Peritoneum ibhekisele kwisigxina esiswini. Kule modal, i-catheter esisigxina ifakwe kwisigulane se-peritoneum kwisigxina sesisu. Ukucoceka kwe-dialysis kumanzi kuthiwa kufakwe kwi-peritoneum, kwaye lo mkhuhlane uhlala apho kwiiyure ezimbalwa apho uhlamba igazi leetyekile. Emva koko, le mveliso engcolileyo idityanisiweyo, kwaye i-fluid ecocekileyo ifakwe. Lo mjikelo uphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamaxesha ambalwa (ngokuqhelekileyo ebusuku ngokusebenzisa umatshini othiwa "umqhubi"), kwaye kusasa, isigulane siyazikhupha kwi-cycler kwaye sithatha i-catheter.
Yintoni ukufikelela kwi-dialysis?
Ukufikelela kwi-dialysis okanye ukungena kwiziko apho kukho izilwanyana ezimbini xa kufakwa umntu ofumana i-hemodialysis (izigulane kwi-diitoneal dialysis aziyi kuba ne-shunt enjalo, kodwa kunokuba i-catheter ehleli ngonaphakade esiswini sayo). Enye yeenaliti kwi-shunt iya kutshatyalaliswa igazi kumzimba kumatshini we-dialysis, kwaye enye iya kuthwala igazi elicocekileyo kumatshini ukuya kwisigulane.
Ukuzikhupha ngokwalo kukuxhamla phakathi komnatha kunye nesisu. Kubekwe ngugqirha, onokusebenzisa umvini wakho ukudala le nxu lumano (oku kuthiwa yi- fistula ) okanye unokusebenzisa ityhubhu yokufakelwa ukwenza le nxu lumano (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi- graft ).
Ngaba idayalysis ingenziwa ekhaya?
Ewe! I-dialoneal dialysis kunye ne-hemodialysis yekhaya ingenziwa ngabagulane ngokwabo ekhaya. I- nephrologist yakho kunye nomhlengikazi we-dialysis uya kukuqeqesha ngeveki ezimbalwa malunga nendlela yokwenza oku. Emva kokuba ukhululekile ukwenza oko, baya kukuvumela ukuba wenze kwintuthuzelo yakho kwikhaya lakho.
Uya kusadingeka ubonwe malunga nenyanga enye nge-nephrologist yakho, kwaye uya kuba ne-nephrologist kunye ne-dialysis umhlengikazi okhoyo kwi-call for troubleshooting. Abahlengikazi be-Dialysis bahlala becwangcisa ukutyelela kwikhaya lakho ukuba kukho into engenakuyinyamekela kwifowuni.
Yiyiphi i-dialysis "eyona nto ifanelekileyo"?
Ukusuka kwimbono yezokwelapha, akukho sifundo esiye sabonisa ukuba nayiphina indlela yokuziphatha imele ibe bhetele kunomnye. Kungaphezulu kokhetho lokuphila. I-dialysis yasekhaya isoloko ikhethwa ngabagulane abanakho ukuzinyamekela, baxhamla, abafuni "ukubopha" kwiziko lokudida, okanye bafuna ukuhamba rhoqo. Ukuzimela okuza ne-dialysis yasekhaya kukuxhobisa kwaye kuthetha ezininzi kwizigulane ezininzi. Kwakhona kuphucula umgangatho wobomi njengoko ungenzi ihambo ezintathu ngeveki kwiziko lodialysis. Nangona kunjalo, "ngamandla amakhulu kuvela uxanduva olukhulu" kuba kufuneka ukuba uthathe ubunini bempilo yakho ngokubanzi!