Izifo kunye neZifo eziLawulayo

Ukuzalwa komzimba kubhekisele kwisimo okanye izifo ezikhoyo ekuzalweni. Le meko ingaba nefa (i- genetic ) okanye ibangelwa yimeko yendalo.

Ezinye iintsholongwane zomama, ezinjenge-HIV, zinokudluliselwa kumntwana kwaye zenze imeko yomntwana. Izinto ezinjengezilwanyana ezifana nokusetyenziswa kotywala okanye iziyobisi, ukutya okunomsoco kunye nempilo engasenakho konke kunokubangela iingxaki zomntwana

U mzekelo

• Iintsilelo zentliziyo ebangelwa yintsholongwane yilezo ezichaphazela isakhiwo senhliziyo kunye nendlela igazi eligeleza ngalo. Ukujikeleza ukusuka kwizinto ezincinci - ezingekho iimpawu - ukusongela ubomi, ezi zihlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesiphene sokuzalwa
• Umlomo ococekileyo kunye nentlungu, echaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwephahla lomlomo kunye nomlomo ophezulu. Umlomo we-Cleft ungabangelwa zizidalwa ezidlulileyo ezivela kubazali, i-toxins ezendalo, ii-virus okanye zenzeke kwikhonti nezinye iziphoso zokuzalwa.
• Iingxaki ze-Neural tube ezifana ne- spina bifida
• I-Down Syndrome ebangelwa i-chromosome eyongezelelweyo

I-World Health Organisation (WHO) iqikelela ukuba malunga nesiqingatha sazo zonke izimo ezingekho phantsi kokuzalwa komntwana zinganxulumaniswa nesibangela esithile, ezifana nokusuleleka, ukungondleki okanye ukutywala utywala, konke oku kunokukhokelela ekuvelweni okungavamile ngaphakathi kwesibeleko. I-WHO iqhube iindibano zamalungu ekuthintela kangcono iingxaki zomntwana - kunye nokunyamekelwa kwabantwana abasemgangathweni-kubangelwa ukufa kwabantwana abasanda kuzalwa ngo-2013 kwiimeko ezinjalo ezingabonakaliyo kunyaka ka-2013.

Ehlelwe nguSharon Basaraba

_Imithombo:

_{Kuzalwa. Amaziko kaZwelonke kaZwelonke wezeMpilo kwiNgcaciso yeeNkcukacha zeMpilo.}

_{IAnomalies zoBomvu. Umbutho wezeMpilo weSizwe Iphepha leNkcazelo yoluntu. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs370/en/}

_{Ziziphi Iingxaki Zentliziyo Zengqumbo? I-US NIH yeSizwe Intliziyo, iLung, ne-Blood Institute Information Sheets.}