I-scleritis yukuvuvukala kwe- sclera , isembozo sangaphandle samhlophe kweso. I-sclera ibomhlophe ngombala kwaye yenziwe yenziwe ngu-collagen. Imikhumbi yegazi ihamba ngaphaya kwe-sclera kwaye ingabandakanyeka kwi-scleritis.
Sibanzi
I-scleritis ingonakalisa iliso, ibangele ubuhlungu obukhulu kunye nokulahleka kombono kwabanye abantu. Nangona i-scleritis ingadibana nexinzelelo okanye intsholongwane, iimeko ezingaphezu kwesigxina se-scleritis zihambelana nesifo sesistim esisisiseko se- rheumatoid arthritis , i-spondylitis engavumelaniyo, i-lupus erythematosus ye-systemic, i-polyarteritis nodosa, i-granulomatosis ye-Wegener, i-herpes yoster virus, igciwane kunye ne-syphilis.
I-scleritis icingelwa ukuba yimiqondiso yokuvuvukala enokuthi ibe khona kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Kubonakala kuninzi phakathi kweminyaka engama-30 no-60 ubudala, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuthinta abafazi abaninzi ngaphezu kwamadoda.
Iimpawu
I-Scleritis ivame ukukhula kwelinye iliso, kodwa inokuchaphazela zombini amehlo. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-scleritis zibuhlungu kunye nobomvu kwicandelo elimhlophe leso elithile liba nzima. Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Iintlungu zamehlo ezingabandakanya intloko kunye nobuso
- Ukunyamezela
- Ukukhanya kokukhanya
- Ukuvuthwa
- Umbono ogqityiweyo okanye owehlayo
- Ukubomvu kwamehlo (ngenxa yemithambo yegazi ehlanjululwayo eyenza loo ndawo ibonakale ibomvu obomvu kwaye ithathe i-hue bluish.)
Iintlobo
Kukho ezimbini iindidi eziphambili ze-scleritis: i- anterior ne-posterior . I-Scleritis ihlelwe ngokwezigaba zeso.
Anterior Scleritis
I-scleritis ye-Anterior ingahlukana ngakumbi kwiintlobo zintathu zilandelayo:
Ukusabalalisa iStleritis : Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-scleritis, olubandakanya isiqingatha esingaphambili se-sclera.
I-Nodular Scleritis : encinci, i- nodle yefomula ifom kwi-sclera, emele ukuvuvukala ngokubanzi.
I-Necrotizing Scleritis : Eyaziwa nangokuthi i- scleromalacia perforans , olu hlobo lunokuba lunzulu kakhulu kwaye lunokubangela ukulahlekelwa kombono. Olu hlobo ludla ngokukhawuleza lunxulumene neengxaki zendlela yokuzimela.
Poster scleritis
I-Posterior scleritis ingaba yindlela ebi kakhulu yesifo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuxilonga. Ichazwa njengenguqu ekubunjeni kwimeko ephezulu yomhlaba, ukunyuka kweengubo zangaphantsi zangaphandle (i-choroid ne-sclera), kunye ne-retrobulbar edema. I-posterior scleritis yindlela ehlukumezayo ye-scleritis, ebandakanya inxalenye yelihlo. Olu hlobo lunokwenza ukuba iliso lithinteke ngakumbi kwiingxaki ze-muscle, i-retinal detachment kunye ne- glaucoma yokuvala i-angle.
Izizathu
Zininzi izimbangela ze-scleritis zi-idiopathic, okanye zivela ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa. Oogqirha abayifumani isizathu esicacileyo. I-Scleritis ibonakala ixhamla ngokuxhamla okwenzeka emzimbeni kwiimeko ezizimeleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubangelwa izifo kunye neentlungu.
Ukuxilongwa
Oogqirha baxilonga i-scleritis ngokuvavanya imbali yakho yonyango. Uya kunikwa iimvavanyo ukulinganisa ubunzima bakho obubonakalayo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-intraocular . Ugqirha uya kuhlolisisa amehlo akho ngokusebenzisa i- biomicroscope yezibane . Kwakhona, amehlo akho aya kutsalwa ukuze ahlolisise ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa amaconsi athile ukuze ancede ahlule phakathi kwe-scleritis kunye ne-episcleritis, imeko enokuthi idibaniswe nezifo ezizimelayo kodwa zibandakanya izicubu kunye neenqanawa kwiisishu phakathi kwe-sclera kunye ne-conjunctiva.
Unyango
Ukuba ishiywe ingaphendulwa, i-scleritis ingakhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwembono. I-Scleritis isoloko iphathwa ngamachiza omlomo ochasayo, njenge-ibuprofen okanye amandla egunyazisiweyo angenayo i-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. I-Oral steroids idlalwa njenge-injection ngqo ye-steroids kwizicubu ngokwazo. Maxa wambi kusetyenziswa izidakamizwa ezingenasifo. I-Scleritis ayidla ngokuphendula kakuhle kwi-eyeicalic eye ijongela amayeza, nangona kunjalo, ngoko oogqirha banquma i-steroids ye-topical kunye ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories. Unyango lweengxaki ezinxulumene ne-scleritis, njenge glaucoma, kunokufuneka kwakhona.
Ngenxa yokuba ezininzi iintlobo ze-scleritis zidibene nesifo se-systemic, unyango lujolise ekuphatheni eso sifo ukuyeka ukunyuka kwe-scleritis.
Thintelo
Ngenxa yokuba i-scleritis yimeko edlalwa ngenxa yokuvuvukala kweso, ininzi yabantu abanempilo ayinakukhathazeka ngokuphuhlisa i-scleritis. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unobungozi bokuzimela, kukho izinto ezimbalwa oogqirha abancomela ukuba baphephe i-scleritis:
- Naka ingqalelo kwinkqubo ye-systemic onokuyenza ibe yinto enokuyenza ibe yinto enokuyilungisa ekuveliseni i-scleritis. Gcina ugqirha wakho u tyelele uze uthathe amayeza akho. Nangona uvakalelwa kakuhle, unokuba nokuvuvukala ukuhlalisa.
- Hlala ngaphandle emoyeni nasemoyeni. Nangona oku kuqhelekileyo kwi-episcleritis, ezinye iimeko ze-scleritis ziye zavela kwi-external exposure ezifana nomoya kunye nelanga.
- Yidla impilo kwaye uthathe i-multivitamin. Amaphephandaba ezonyango anike ingxelo ngeemeko ze-scleritis ezicingelwa ukuba zibangelwa ukungabikho kwamavithamini athile, oko kukuthi i-vitamin B12, C, kunye noD.
Imithombo:
- Watson P. Izifo ze-sclera kunye ne-episclera. Ku: I-Tasman W, i-Jaeger EA, i-eds. Ophthalmology yeDuane . 2013 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012: umqulu 4, isahluko 23
- ECatania, uLouis. Unonophelo loPhezulu lweNxalenye yangaphambili, uViweyo wesi-2. I-Copyright 1995 ngu-Appleton & Lange.