Ukuphendulwa Kweengxaki Xa Ukhulelwe
I-Anaphylaxis yindlela ephilileyo yokuguquka , ebangelwa ukukhululwa kweekhemikhali ezinobungozi ezifana ne- histamine ezivela kwiiseli eziqhekezayo ezifana neeseli zamathambo . Iimbangela ze-anaphylaxis ziquka ukutya, imishanguzo efana ne- penicillin kunye ne- NSAID , i- latex kunye nezilwanyana ezinobungozi nezilwanyana . Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis ziquka i- urticaria kunye ne-angioedem , iimpawu zesifo se-asthma , isinambuzane / ukuhlanza kunye nesifo sohudo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
I-Anaphylaxis inokuthi iyenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ingakumbi ngexesha lokubeleka kunye nokuhanjiswa, kwaye ingabonakalisa ingozi ekhethekileyo kumntwana, ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi olunxulumene ne-anaphylaxis kumama lunokuchaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi kwizitho ezibalulekileyo kumntwana, njengengqondo kunye nentliziyo . Izimpawu ezongezelelweyo ze-anaphylaxis ngexesha lokukhulelwa zingabandakanya ukubetha kwamanzi kunye ne-vulv, i-uterine kunye neentlungu ezisezantsi.
Iingxaki zeAnaphylaxis Ngethuba lokukhulelwa
Iimbangela ze-anaphylaxis ngexesha lokukhulelwa zifana nenye kwindoda engakhulelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokubambisana kunye nokunikezelwa kukho izizathu ezikhethekileyo ze-anaphylaxis ezifuneka ziqwalaselwe. Kuhlolisiso oludlulileyo lwezigulane ezingama-23 ezine-anaphylaxis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, 8 zine-anaphylaxis kwi-penicillin kunye ne-antibiotic ehlobene, 6 yayine-anaphylaxis ukuya kwi-latex, 1 yayine-anaphylaxis kwi-bee sting, kwaye intsalela yayine-anaphylaxis kwezinye iyeza.
Olunye uphando olukhulu oluvela kwisibhedlele saseTexas luhlola abafazi abangama-700,000 emva kokusasazwa emva kokuhanjiswa kubonisa iziganeko ezingu-19 ze-anaphylaxis (0.0027% yokukhutshwa), kunye nangaphezulu kwesigamu samatyala abangelwa yi-penicillin kunye ne-antibiotic ehlobene.
Ininzi yabasetyhini abafumana i-anaphylaxis kulolu cwaningo baye bahanjiswa ngecandelo le-ward.
I-Penicillin kunye namachiza okulwa namachiza. Ngethuba lokusebenza kunye nokuhanjiswa, la mayeza asho imbangela eqhelekileyo ye-anaphylaxis. I-Penicillin (kunye ne-antibiotic ehlobene) yilwanyana ekhethiweyo yokuthintela iqela le-neonatal B streptococcal (GBS) kunye nezinye izifo (ezifana neprophylaxis ngexesha lekota) kwaye kaninzi kunikwa ngexesha lokusebenza kunye nokuhanjiswa.
Nangona ukuvavanywa kwesikhumba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuxilonga i-penicillin yokungasebenzi, oku akukhuthazwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunikezwa ithuba elincinci le-anaphylaxis engenzeka ngenxa yokuvavanya. Ukuphepheka kwepenicillin kukhethwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa (kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-antibiotics engeyiyo ye-penicillin), ngaphandle kokuba akukho nenye indlela, njengokuba umama enesifo se- syphilis .
I-Latex isifo. I-lateate allergies iyona sizathu esivakalayo sokuba i-anaphylaxis ngexesha lokubambisana nokuhanjiswa. Abafazi abakhulelweyo abanembali yokuphuza i-latex kufuneka bahlolwe phambi kobasebenzi kunye nokuhanjiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe- serum IgE ELISA ukuhlolwa , kunokuba uvavanyo lwe-skin ukuya kwi-latex, lunikwe ithuba elincinci lokubangela i-anaphylaxis ngokuvavanywa kwesikhumba. I-Latex-abafazi abakhulelweyo abakhulelweyo banokunikezwa ngendawo engenazo i-latex kubasebenzi kunye nokuhanjiswa.
Ukwelashwa kweAnaphylaxis Ngethuba lokukhulelwa
Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango lwe-anaphylaxis enzima ngexesha lokukhulelwa alufani noko kungabikho ukukhulelwa. U-Epinephrine unyango olukhethiweyo, kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kufuneka luphathwe kakubi ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwamayeza e-epinephrine (njengoko kufuneka), amanzi amanzi, kunye neminye imithi yokugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kumama lungakhokelela ekuqhubeni kwegazi oluphantsi kwizitho ezibalulekileyo kumntwana, ngakumbi ingqondo.
Ukulimala kwengqondo ye-Anoxic ingenzeka xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuncitshiswa ukuya kumntwana ongaphezu kwemizuzu engama-5.
Ingonyango engcono ye-anaphylaxis ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukukhusela i-anaphylaxis kwindawo yokuqala. Ngoko ke, i-allergists ibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekeleni kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanembali ye-anaphylaxis ekudleni, amayeza, i-latex kunye ne-stinging insect allergies. Ukuvavanya ubuninzi beentlungu kufuneka kukhutshwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okanye kwenziwe ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukwenzela ukunciphisa ubunako be-anaphylaxis ngenxa yokuhlolwa kolukhuni.
Umthombo:
I-Simons FER, iSchatz M. Anaphylaxis Ngethuba lokukhulelwa. J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012: 130: 597-606.