I-trachea yi-tube enkulu yomoya ekhokelela kwi-larynx (ibhokisi yezwi) kwi- bronchi (i-airways enkulu ephezulu kwimiphunga).
Ulwakhiwo
I-trachea yenziwe ngamaconti e-cartilage kwaye ibangama-intshi amane ubude kunye no-intshi enye ububanzi.
Umsebenzi
I-trachea isebenza njengendlela yokuvumela ukuhamba kwomoya ukusuka kummandla webhokisi yezwi ukuya kwiindlela eziphambili zokuphefumula (i-bronchi) ezifaka imiphunga.
Iimeko Zonyango
I-trachea inokubandakanywa ngemithi kwiimeko ezininzi. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- I-Tracheitis - I-Tracheitis yintsholongwane ye-trachea edla ngokubangela ibhaktheriya iStraplocloccus aureus. Kuqhelekileyo kubantwana abancinci kwaye kunokuphefumula nzima.
- Umzimba wesigxina wangaphandle - Oku kwenzeka xa umzimba wasemzini uphefumlelwe (ufunwa) ngomlomo kwaye ufakwa kwi-trachea. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci, kodwa inokuthi iyenze nakwabadala, okanye abo banokunciphisa izinga lokuqonda ngenxa yezizathu.
- Umhlaza womtsalane - Umhlaza we-trachea awunqabile. Ezi kancinci zihlala zixhamla i-cell cells kwaye zihlala zihlobene nokutshaya.
- I-tracheoesophageal fistula - Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela engavumelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi-fistula ingahlakulela phakathi kwe-trachea kunye ne-esophagus. Xa oko kwenzeka, ukutya okudlula kwi-esophag kungangena kwi-trachea, kwaye emva koko imiphunga. Oku kuya kwenzeka xa kukho umhlaza, ingakumbi umhlaza wesifo esiqhekeza iindonga ze-trachea evumela le ndlela engavamile ukuphuhlisa. Kubantwana, i-frytulaesophageal fistula inokuphuhliswa kunye nokubunjwa okungaphelelanga kwe-esophagus (i-esophageal atresia.) Abantwana abayi-4 000 bazalwa ngokungaqhelekanga. Ngombulelo, oku ngoku uphathwe kakhulu ngoncedo lweqela eliphangaleleyo lezonyango.
- I-tracheal stenosis - Xa i-trachea ibonakaliswe, utywala lunokuphuhliswa kwaye i-trachea inganciphisa.
- I-Tracheobronchomalacia - I-Tracheobronchomalacia yimeko engavamile apho i-trachea iwela khona ngokwayo ngexesha lokuphefumla kunye nokukhwehlela. Iyenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo njengengxaki ye-epidemic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) kwaye inokuthi iphinde ibe yinto enenkcenkceshelo yokungena kwi-endotracheal -tubation. Kubantwana, kungenzeka ukuba uvela ekuzalweni njenge-syndrome kunye nezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga.
Iinkqubo
- Ukuhluthwa kwe-Tracheal - Xa umgca wecala uyancipha ngenxa yobunqunu kunye nokuvuvukala, kunokusetyenziswa iilwimi ezinokuthi zinciphise i-trachea.
- I-endotracheal intubation - Xa isigulane singakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwalo, njengoko kutyunjwa ngokubanzi, ityhubhu engapheliyo ingafakwa emlonyeni nakwi-trachea. Le bhubhe iyaxhunywa kwi- ventilator mechanical ukuvumela ukuphefumla kwenzeke.
- I-Tracheostomy - I-tracheostomy yindlela yokuhlinzwa apho i-endotracheal.tube ifakwe ngqo kwi-trachea. Isetyenziselwa xa i-intubation ngeempumlo okanye emlonyeni kunye ne-tube endotracheal ayikwazi, okanye xa kuncedwa inkxaso yesikhathi eside (njengokuba umntu efumana ixesha elide engazi lutho kunye ne-coma.) Ezinye iimeko apho i-tracheostomy ingasetyenziswa zibandakanya izicubu ezinobangela ukuphazamiseka komphephelo, i-epiglottitis, ukuxhatshazwa ngokulimala kwesibindi, okanye ukulimala komgudu. Ukongezelela ekunikezeni ukufikelela kokungena umoya, i-tracheostomy ingasetyenziselwa ukususa iimfihlo kwi-airways.
Eyaziwayo njenge: windpipe
Imizekelo: Ukukhwehlela kukaJoe bekuye kwanda ngakumbi kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezedlulileyo, kwaye i-oncologist yakhe yafumanisa ukuba umhlaza wakhe wamaphaphu usasazeke kwi-trachea yakhe.
> Imithombo:
> I-Memorial Sloan-Kettering Centre. Ukuxilwa kweTracheal. https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/tracheal-diseases/diagnosis-treatment-msk/reatreatment-tracheal-stenosis
> INational Cancer Institute. I-SEER Training Module. Larynx kunye neTrachea. https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/respiratory/passages/larynx.html
> Isibhedlele sabantwana base Seattle. I-tracheoesophageal fistula kunye ne-atresia ye-esophageal. http://www.seattlechildrens.org/medical-conditions/chromosomal-genetic-conditions/tef-and-ea/
> Iilayibrari yase-US yaseMithi. MedlinePlus. Tracheitis. Ukuhlaziywa nge- 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000988.htm