I-epiglottis yincinci encinane ye-cartilage ehlanganiswe ekupheleni kolwimi evala ngexesha lokugwinya. Oku kuvimbela i-particle zokutya kunye nemfihlo yokungena kwi-trachea kunye nemiphunga. I-Epiglottitis yintsholongwane ye-epiglottis kunye nezicubu ezijikelezayo.
Ukuqalisa nokuqhubela phambili kwe-epiglottitis kukhawuleza kubantwana. Ngenxa yendawo ye-epiglottis, ukusuleleka, kunye nokuvuvukala okulandelayo kubangela iingxaki ezinzima zokuphefumla.
Izimpawu zokuqala ziquka:
- umkhuhlane
- umqala obuhkungu
- ubunzima bokugwinya
- ukugqithisa ngokweqile (kuthathwa njengetsingiselo yokuxelelwa)
- ukwanda kwamanani eseli segazi
Ezi zibonakaliso ziqhubela phambili kubunzima bokuphefumla ezilandelayo kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya kuma-24:
- ukuva
- intetho engathengiyo
- ukuxhalaba
- ukungazinzi
- ukucaphuka
- i-cyanosis (i-dusky okanye imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngokukodwa emlonyeni, ebonisa ukungabi nanele oksijini)
Umntwana unokuthatha iindawo ezithile apho ehleli khona, emela phambili aze akhuphe i-chin. Esi sigxina sivula umoya kwaye senza umntwana aphefumule. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zokuphefumula zibonakala zingenamandla kunokuba zinyani, i-epiglottitis inokuba nzima ukuyixilonga kwaye isifo sinokuthi siphumelele kwisimo esibulalayo ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ukuxilongwa. Izimpawu zokuphefumula ezingaphendulwanga zingabangela ukungabikho kwomoya okwaneleyo kunye ne-carbon dioxide egazini ekhokelela ekutshintsheni okubulalayo kwinqanaba le-pH yegazi, ukuboshwa kwentliziyo kunye nokufa.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-epiglottitis kwenziwe ngokusekelwe kwisigulane sokubonakaliswa kwezigulane, ukubonakaliswa kwe-epiglottis kunye neenkcubeko zegazi kunye nomhlaba we-epiglottis ukuchonga i-microbase. Unyango luquka:
- ukugcinwa kwamanzi (njengokunika i-oksijeni kunye / okanye ukusekwa kwindlela yokuhamba njengendlela ye-nasotracheal ne-hewa)
- ukunika ii-antibiotic kunye / okanye ezinye iilmicrobial medication
- ukunika iziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-corticosteroids ezinokunciphisa ukuvuvukala
Ayikho ikhambi kwikhaya le-epiglottitis. Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa izibonakaliso zesi sifo, uye kwigumbi elisondeleyo elisondeleyo okanye ubize ngokukhawuleza 911.
Ngenxa yokuqaliswa kwe-hemophilus influenza vaccine, iziganeko ze-epiglottitis okwangoku ziphantsi. Abantwana phakathi kweminyaka eli-1 nantathu banokuphuhlisa i-epiglottitis. Omdala isigulane sinokuthi impawu ezinzima kakhulu ziya kuba. Ngaphambi kokusasazeka kwe-Hib yokugonya kumazwe aphuhlileyo, i-epiglottitis yayivamile kubantwana kwaye ibangelwa phantse yile nyi-pathogen. Okwangoku, i-epiglottitis ayinqabile kwaye idla ngokubangela enye yezinto ezilandelayo.
- i-haemophilus Uhlobo lwe-Influenza B, uhlobo lwe-A, uhlobo lwe-F, kunye nezinye iintlobo ezingabonakaliyo
- haemophilus parainfluenzae
- streptococcus pneumonia
- staphyloccocus areaus
- beta-hemolytic streptococci, amaqela A, B, C no-F
Into efanelekileyo yokukhusela i-epiglottitis kukugcina amagonyo kuze kube yimini kwaye uhlambuluke ukucoceka okufana nokuhlamba izandla kunye nokuphepha ukufikelela kwisifo. Naphezu kokubhubhisa kwesi sifo, uninzi lwamaxhoba luya kungena ngaphandle kweengxaki ezingapheliyo.
Imithombo:
IYunivesithi yaseMary University. Epiglottitis-unyango.
Woods, CR Epiglottitis. www.uptodate.com, Julayi, 2007. (ukuthenga okufunekayo)