I-Paraneoplastic Syndromes kubantu abane-Cancer Cancer
I-Paraneoplastic syndrome iyimpawu zeempawu ezivela ngenxa yesisu esivela emzimbeni, kodwa engesibini kumhlaza ngokwawo. Izibonakaliso zeParanoplastic zivela ngenxa yeempendulo zomzimba zomzimba kwisisu, okanye izinto ezifihliwe ngamaseli e-tumor.
I-Paraneoplastic Syndrome kwiLung Cancer
I-Paraneoplastic syndromes ivela kwi-10 ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Zingabandakanya phantse nayiphi na inkqubo yomzimba (exoxwa ngezantsi ngaphantsi) kwaye ziyimpawu ezingaqhelekanga zihambelana nomhlaza wemiphunga. Iimpawu ezivela kule syndromes ziba yimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza wemiphunga, ezivela ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zomhlaza ngokwawo.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo
Kukho ininzi yezibonakaliso ze-paraneoplastic ezibonwa ngumhlaza wamaphaphu, kodwa ezi-2 eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Hypercalcemia ne squamous cell carcinoma yemiphunga
- Isifo se-ADH (SIADH) engafanelekanga (ISADH) kunye nomhlaza omncinci wesifo somhlaza
Hypercalcemia njengeParaneoplastic Symptom
I-hypercalcemia njenge-paraneoplastic syndrome ivela ngokuqhelekileyo nge- squamous cell carcinoma yemiphunga , uhlobo lwe-cell non-small cell cancer. I-hypercalcemia ibhekise kwizinga eliphezulu le-calcium egazini. I-hypercalcemia nomhlaza wamaphaphu ingabangelwa kukudibanisa umdlavuza ovimba i-hormone eyaziwa njengeprotheni ye-parathyroid, kunye ne-calcium ekhutshwa yintlupheko yethambo ngenxa yomhlaza okhoyo kwithambo .
Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukoma, ukusilela amandla, ukuphelelwa yidlo, ukudideka, iintlungu zesisu kunye nokudandatheka. Indlela efanelekileyo yokunyanga i-hypercalcemia kukunyanga ngumhlaza ngokwawo, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu bafumana izifo zamanzi ezibalulekileyo zibaluleke kakhulu zombini, kwaye ngenxa yokuba le syndrome isoloko ibangela ukulimala kweentso ezinzulu.
I-Syndrome ye-ADH Secretion engafanelekanga (i-SIADH)
I-SIADH ivela ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nomhlaza omncinci wamaphaphu , kwaye ibonakaliswa yinqanaba eliphantsi le-sodium egazini (hyponatremia.) Izimpawu zingabandakanya ukuphathwa kwentloko, ubuthathaka bomzimba, ukulahleka kwememori kunye nokukhathala, kodwa ukuba kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza okanye kunzima kakhulu inokubangela ukuxhwaleka kunye nokulahleka kwengqondo. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuphatha i-SIADH kukunyanga umhlaza, kwaye uphando oluthile lufumene ukuba unyango lomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamakhemikhali kunye ne-chemotherapy lunokunciphisa impawu ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini abantu. Iinkonzo ezithile ze-hyponatremia (i-sodium ephantsi) ngenxa ye-SIADH inokubandakanya ukukhawulela ukuthambisa kwamanzi okanye ukusebenzisa amanye amachiza okanye amayeza.
Ezinye i-Paraneoplastic Syndromes kunye ne-Cancer Cancer
I-Paraneoplastic syndromes inokuchaphazela phantse nayiphina indawo yomzimba kwaye ibangela iimpawu ezininzi ezahlukileyo. Ezinye ze-syndromes eziqhelekileyo ziquka ubuchopho, inkqubo ye-endocrine, isikhumba, iintso, amehlo, amathambo kunye neeseli zegazi. Ekubeni le miqondiso ingenzeka ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza wemiphunga ufumaniswe, kunokukhathazeka kakhulu njengoko oogqirha befuna izizathu. Eminye imizekelo embalwa yale syndromes engenzeka kumdlavuza wamaphaphu iquka:
- I-Cushing's syndrome - Inqanaba eliphezulu le-cortisol egazini lingabangela ukuvuvukala, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukubonakala kwenyanga "ebhekane nayo" kunye nokwelula amanqaku (njengabasetyhini bangakhula xa bekhulelwe.)
- I-Acromegaly - Kule syndrome, umdlavuza wamaphaphu unokwenza ihomoni efana ne-hormone yokukhula, apho abantu abadala bangabangela ukukhula kwezandla kunye neenyawo.
- I-polymyositis / dermatomyositis - Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba kunye nama-tissue adibeneyo angenzeka, ingakumbi ngomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu.
- I-syndromes ye-neurological - Kukho amaninzi e-syndromes ezinamazinyo ezinokuthi zimelele i-paraneoplastic syndromes nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, omnye umzekelo ube yi-cerebellar ataxia - ukuvuvukala kwengqondo ngenxa yokungahambi okanye ukulungelelanisa.
- I-paraneolplastic glomerulopathy yintlungu yesifo esingaba nayo ngomhlaza wemiphunga njengesifo se-paraneoplastic syndrome.
Unyango
I-Paraneoplastic syndromes iyahluka kakhulu kwiimpawu zabo, kwaye kunokukhokelela nokuba kukho izimbangela ezininzi zalezi zi-syndromes ezithile, ngoko ke unyango luya kuba ngabanye ngabanye. Ngokubanzi, unyango olungcono kuzo zonke ezi zinto - ingakumbi kuba izinto ezibangela le mpawu zivame ukuveliswa ngamaseli omhlaza okanye ngomzimba ekuphenduleni kumaseli esifo somhlaza-uphatha unyango lomhlaza. Ngombulelo, unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga - nokuba ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu ophezulu - uphuculwe kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kwaye inkqubela phambili yenziwa nangakumbi kunzima ukunyanga i-cancer efana ne-squamous cell carcinoma yemiphunga kunye nomdlavuza omncinci wamangqamuzana.
> Imithombo:
> Pelosof, L, noD. Gerber. I-Paraneoplastic syndromes: indlela yokuxilonga kunye nokonyango. IMayo Clinic Proceedings . 2010. 85 (9): 838-54.
> Kanaji, N., Watanabe, N., Kita, N. kunye ne-Paraneoplastic syndromes ezihambisana nomhlaza wemiphunga. I-World Journal ye-Clinical Oncology . 2014. 5 (3): 197-223.