I-Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) ngowona wesibini uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesikhumba. Kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kumadoda kunabesifazana kwisilinganiselo se-2: 1. Isiganeko se squamous cell carcinoma phakathi kweCaucasians e-US ngu .1-.15% ngonyaka. Isiganeko sanda ngokukhula kunye nesiganeko sentsholongwane yesi sifo somhlaza wesikhumba sineminyaka engama-66. Iziganeko zanda kunye neendlela zokunciphisa ezinjenge-United States ne-Australia.
Yintoni i-Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
I-Squamous cell carcinoma ivela kwindawo engaphandle kwesikhumba, i- epidermis , ebangela ukutshintshwa kwimizimba ebizwa ngokuthi i-keratinocytes. I-UVB imisebe ibalulekile ekufakweni kwe-DNA yomhlaza wesikhumba kunye neendlela zayo zokulungisa, kwakhona kubangela ukutshintshwa kwimizimba yegciwane. La maseli aguqulwayo asasazeka kwaye adala ukubonakala kwesikhumba ukutshintsha. Xa iiseli eziguqulwayo zingena kwi-dermis, umngcipheko we-metastasis uyanda.
Izinto Zengozi zeCaramoma Cell Carcinoma
Ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo ze-squamous cell carcinoma ziquka:
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwelanga elingapheliyo ngokukodwa kwimitha ye-UVB kodwa i-UVA
- Isimo esilungelelaniso esibizwa ngokuthi i- actinic keratosis okanye i-keratosis yelanga
- I-immune system
- Nesifo se-HIV
- I-radiation ionizing isetyenziselwa intsimbi kuma-1940
- Ulusu oluphakathi
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala
Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ze-squamous cell carcinoma ziquka:
- Ukubonakaliswa kwi-arsenic
- Ukubonakaliswa kwi-hydrocarboni e-aromatic aromatic in tar, i-soot, okanye shale
- Ukuqhekeka okanye isikhumba esele sonakaliswe ngaphambili, ngokukodwa umonakalo owenziwe yimisebe
- Usulelo lweentlobo ze-papillomavirus zabantu 6, 11, 16 ne-18
- Isifo esingaqhelekanga sesifo sokuthi i-xeroderma pigmentosa
Ukubonakala kweCaramoma Cell Carcinoma
Utshintsho lwesikhumba olubangelwa yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuqhelekileyo lubukeka lukhuni. Kukho nobunzima obunzima, obunamathele kumgangatho obomvu, obushushu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo isikraba siya kuphulukisa kakhulu kwiiveki ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, i-squamous cell carcinoma ayiphilisi kwaye ikwazi ukuphuma ngegazi. Njengoko isasazeka kwidermisi, lo mhlaza wesikhumba ungabonakala njengesilonda esinomqolo onzima, ophakanyisiweyo. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo kwi-squamous cell carcinoma zifumaneka kwiindawo ezibonakaliswe ngasentshonalanga ezifana nesemva kwesandla, isikhumba, umlomo kunye nengxenye ephezulu yendlebe.
Imifanekiso yeScamous Cell Carcinoma
Imifanekiso elandelayo ibonisa izilonda ze-squamous cell carcinoma:
- Ukuvalwa kwe-squamous cell carcinoma esandleni
- I-squamous cell carcinoma ezandleni zombini
- I-squamous cell carcinoma ebusweni
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Indlela yodwa yokuxilonga i-squamous cell carcinoma kukuyi-biopsy. Uhlobo olukhethiweyo lwe-biopsy lubizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy shave apho i-lesion ihlanjululwa ngayo i-razor eguquguqukayo. Ngokuxhomekeka kumlinganiselo wesilonda, enye inketho ye-biopsy kukugqithisa isilonda. Ulwazi oluncedo olunjengekuthi isisu esipheleleyo sisuswe kwaye ubunzulu bezitho zifumaneka kuphela nge-biopsy.
Unyango lweCaramous Cell Carcinoma
Izinyango zokwelapha kulo mhlaza wesikhumba kuxhomekeke kwiinkcukacha ezikhothoweyo kwi-biopsy.
Ukuchithwa kwe-Electrodessication kunye ne-curettage - Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukutshabalalisa umdlavuza wesikhumba ngecebo lokuchithwa kwe-electrocautery ngokukhahla indawo leyo nge-curet.
Ngamaxesha amaninzi izicubu ezigulayo ziyakwazi ukwahlukana kwiisisundu eziqhelekileyo ngokuthungwa xa bexakeka. Le nkqubo iphinda iphindwe kaninzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukususwa ngokupheleleyo komhlaza wesikhumba. Le nkqubo isebenzayo kwiincinci ezincinci 1 cm okanye ngaphantsi ububanzi emqaleni, intonga, iingalo okanye imilenze. Nangona kunjalo, ithetha ukushiya isikhala.
Ukuqwalaselwa okulula - Le nqubo ibandakanya ukunyanzeliswa kokugonywa komhlaza wesiko kuquka umda wesikhumba esiqhelekileyo. Ngama-tumors angama-2 cm okanye ngaphantsi, i-margin ye-4 mm yanele; ngenxa yezicubu> 2 cm, umgama ophezulu ngowama-6 mm. Inzuzo yale nyango kukuba ikhawuleza kwaye ayithengi.
Nangona kunjalo, umahluko phakathi kweethambo eziqhelekileyo kunye nomhlaza kufuneka zigwetywe ngeaso.
Utyando lwe-Mohs 'micrographic' - Le nkqubo mayiyenze yenziwe ngumgqirha waseMhs. Kubandakanywa ukukhangela umdlavuza wesikhumba kunye nokuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza kwezicubu ngaphantsi kwe-microscope ukucacisa imida. Ukuba nayiphi na umdlavuza wesikhumba esele ushiywe, unokuphangwa kwaye uphawule ngokukhawuleza. Inkqubo yokungaqondiyo kunye nokuhlolwa kweelwandle ingadinga ukuphindwa kabini. Ubuncedo beli qhinga kukuba liqhelekile kwaye libikwe ukuba linomlinganiselo ophantsi wokuphindaphinda kunezinye iindlela zokonyango. Ukungalungi lixesha kunye neendleko ezibandakanyekayo.
Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation - Le nkqubo ibandakanya inkqubo yokwelapha imitha kwi-tumor endaweni. Ngeli xesha, nangona kunjalo, ubungqina obaneleyo bokuthi imisebe emva kokuhlinzwa kuphucula izinga lokuphindaphinda kwe-squamous cell carcinoma. Iyakwazi nokuba nefuthe lexesha elide lokuqhekeza, ukuxilwa, kunye nokucuthwa kwesikhumba.
I-Chemotherapy - Uhlobo lwe- chemotherapy olusetyenziswa ngu-13-cis-Retinoic acid kunye ne-interferon-2A. I-Chemotherapy isetyenziselwa izigaba eziphambili ze-squamous cell carcinoma.
I-Cryotherapy - Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukutshabalalisa izicubu ngokuyiqanda nge-nitrogen. Oku kuya kusebenza kwiincinci ezincinci ezichazwe kakuhle kakhulu zesikhumba. Isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo ngonyango lwe-actinic keratosis, imeko ehamba phambili. Le nkqubo ayithengi kwaye iyasebenza kodwa isebenzise kuphela kwinani elincinci lamatyala.
Ukuthintela iScamous Cell Carcinoma
Gwema ukukhanya kwe-UVB ukusuka ekukhanyeni kwelanga - Gwema emini ngelilanga, sebenzisa iimpahla zokukhusela , kwaye usebenzise i-sunscreen nge-SPF ubuncinci 15. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana.
Gweba iimveliso zecuba - Ezi ziquka iiguba, iiguba, i-chewing tobacco kunye ne-smoking. Ekubeni ezo zinto zandisa ingozi ye-squamous cell carcinoma emlonyeni nasemlonyeni, ukusetyenziswa kwazo kufuneka kuncitshiswe okanye kunqunywe ngokupheleleyo.
Gwema i-polycyclic hydrocarbons - Imisebenzi efuna ukudibanisa nale miqulunqa ilawulwa kakhulu. Sebenzisa iimpawu zokukhusela ngamaxesha onke ngelixa usebenza ngala maqumrhu.
Zinezilonda ezinokukrokra zikhangela - Ukuba unemibuzo, yenze ihlolwe. Ukunyanga izilonda ezihamba phambili zivimbela utshintsho lwabo kwisifo somhlaza wesikhumba.