Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na intshintsho yebele
Ngexesha lokuzivocavoca kwebele , unokwazi ukubona izibonda okanye utshintsho ekubunjeni kwakho kwebele. Nangona oku kunokubangela ukwesabisa, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba akuzona zonke izibonda ezinomdlavuza.
Sekunjalo, ukuba uyifumana isalathisi, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuba kunokuba kunzima ukugqiba ukuba isalathisi sinobungozi okanye siyingozi , kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo indlela ephela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba uvavanyo olunjenge-mammogram, i-ultrasound, i-MRI, okanye i-biopsy (apho isampuli yesikhumba isusiwe kwaye ibukeka phantsi kwe-microscope).
Kukho utshintsho oluninzi lwebele olunokuthi lufanise umdlavuza webele , nangakumbi kwizifundo zengcamango, ngoko oku kunokuba yinkinga enzima uze ufumane iimpendulo ozifunayo.
Ngelixa unokuba uxhalabele ukuthatha le nyathelo ukujonga oko kwenzekayo yakho, khumbula ukuba nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu zomhlaza wesifuba, ezininzi iingcambu ziyakhathazeka kakhulu, ngakumbi xa zifunyenwe ekuqaleni.
Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa kwiindidi eziqhelekileyo zezibilini zesifuba (ezingengomhlaza), kunye neempawu ezibuhlungu kunye neempawu zesifo sebele.
Isiseko kwi-Breast Cysts
I-cyst yebele i-bladder (inobungozi) esikhwameni esigcwele amanzi esingaba sikhule ngaphakathi kweengxube zesifuba. Izikhumba zesisu ziqhelekile kwaye ziqhathaniswa ngokungaqhelekanga nomhlaza wesisu. Ziqhelekileyo kubasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-40 abahlala kwixesha elilodwa (ixesha elide ngaphambi kokumisa umva xa umfazi eyeka ukuba neenkhathi), kodwa ziyakwenzeka ngokwenene nawuphi na ubudala.
Ukubunjwa kweBastast Cyst
I-cyst yebele isoloko iziva igugile kwaye igubha. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba ucinezela kwi-cyst, kuya kuba neyona nto inika yona, njengebholethi yamanzi. Ukongezelela, i-cyst isifuba isenokujikeleza kwaye isenokutshintsha ngobukhulu ngexesha lokuhamba kwimizuzu .
Ama-cysts asebantwini anokuba nobuhlungu nokuba baninzi kwaye bacinezela kwindawo yethenda.
Okokuthi, unokuva nje okanye uziva intlungu kubo ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini.
Indawo yeBreast Cysts
Ama-cysts asebantwini anokufumaneka kufuphi nomhlaba, okanye ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, kufuphi nodonga lwesifuba sakho. Ukuba i-cyst isondele kummandla, kulula ukuyifumana kwaye kulula ukuhlula ukusuka kwezinye izilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kunzulu ngaphakathi, kunzima ukuhlula phakathi kwezinye iintlobo zesifuba sebele, kuba xa ucinezela kuyo, ngokwenene uzama ukusebenza ngokusebenzisa iziqulatho zesisu, ezinokuthi zizinzi kwaye zizinzile.
Ukuchonga i-Cyst
Ama-Cyst asinakufunyanwa ngophando lwebele lweklinikhi okanye i-mammogram yedwa. Endaweni yoko, ugqirha mhlawumbi uya kuyala i-breast ultrasound, kuba amaza omsindo adlula ngapha nangama-cysts azaliswe ngamanzi, ngokuchasene nokubuyisela kwiindawo ezinamandla. Kwimeko ye-cysts eqinile, iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu, ezinjenge-biopsy zifuneka.
Kwimeko ye-cyst egcwele amanzi, ugqirha unokuthabatha isampuli ye-cyst fluid ngokwenza i- needle aspiration ene-syringe. Le nqubo iyakususa umkhuhlane ngaphakathi kwe-cyst. Ukuba i-cyst iyahlula nge-aspiration kwaye i-fluid ayiyigazi, le yintsholongwane yesisu. Isilivere esiliva sesifiso sesifuba, ngaba njalo i-cyst isisombululo ngokupheleleyo xa i-fluid ihoxiswa, ukuze ungasadingeki ukhathazeke (nangona i-cysts elula ihlala ihlaselwa).
Isiseko kwi-Breast Fibroadenomas
Ama-fibretenomas asebantwini anesifo esibi esinobunzima kunye nezicubu ezixhamlayo kwaye zifumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kubasetyhini kwi-20s kunye ne-30, kodwa ziyakwenzeka nanini na ubudala. Ngelixa i-fibretenomas ngokwabo ziyingozi, zandisa ingozi yabasetyhini yokuphucula umdlavuza webele ngexesha elizayo, malunga nesinye isihlandlo kunye nesigamu (okanye ngaphezulu) kunowesifazane ongenalo utshintsho kwibele.
Uhlobo lweFibroadenoma kunye neNdawo
I-fibroadenoma izakuziva ngathi isifuba sesifuba esisigxina kwaye ihlala iqinile. Ngokuqhelekileyo ishukunywe ngaphantsi kwesikhumba ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwebele.
I-Fibroadenomas isoloko ikhona kufuphi nomhlaba webele kwaye ivakalelwa lula, nangona ezinye zingencinane kakhulu ukuba zive.
Kulo mzekelo, i-fibroadenoma ingasetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza kwi-mammogram.
I-Fibroadenoma Diagnosis kunye noTyango
I-biopsy iyadingeka ukuxilonga i-fibroadenoma; nangona kunjalo, kunye ne-biopsy, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuba kususwe i-fibroadenoma ukuba ibe neyona nto ingekho isifo somhlaza wesibeleko (nokuba kukho, ukuyiphatha, ngokuqinisekileyo). Ukongeza kwi-lumpectomy, i-radiation frequency frequency sometimes sometimes used to treat a fretenoma. Kukho ezinye iindlela zokwelashwa kwe-fibroadenoma ngokunjalo, nangona ezininzi zezi zinto zisetyenziswa kangangoko.
Iisiseko kwizinye iifomps
Kukho ezinye iimeko ezininzi ezinokubangela izibilini ezinobungozi, ezinqabileyo , okanye ezinomhlaza. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
I-Ductal okanye i-Lobular Hyperplasia
I-apipical lobular hyperplasia kunye ne- atypical ductal hyperplasia ziimeko ezibhekwa njengento eqondileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ezi ziqhumane azinomdlavuza, kodwa ngokunyuka kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba uhlakulele umdlavuza webele.
Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) kunye neDuctal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)
Bobabini i- LCIS kunye ne- DCIS ngumhlaza, kodwa ekubeni i-tumors engazange iphule into ethile eyaziwa ngokuba "yimbumba engaphantsi," ayithathwa njengongenayo. (Isigaba I ukuya ku-IV somhlaza wesifuba sonke sithathwa njengongenayo). I-carcinoma in situ ithathwa njengesigaba somhlaza wesi-0.
Adenosis
I-Adenosis yimeko enobungozi apho kukho ukwandiswa kwi-lobules zesifuba. I-Adenosis inokubangela ukuba ihlunu eziva ngathi i-cyst okanye i-tumor kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuhlukanisa nomhlaza ngenxa yokuba kubangelwa ukuba kubangele ukubalwa kwemitha.
Iiphyllodes Tumors
Isisu se- phyllodes sesisu esingaqhelekanga esinokuthi sinobungozi okanye sibi. Ekubeni izilonda ze-phyllode ezinobungozi zinomdla wokuba zibi, ezi zicubu ziphathwa ngendlela efanayo. Uninzi lweengcingo zebele ziqala kwiiseli ezibizwa ngokuba ngama-epithelial cells ezenza i-carcinomas. Ngokwahlukileyo, izicubu ze-phyllode zenzeka kwiiseli zamenchymal (iiselumzimba zeselumzimba zeseli) kunye nezicubu ziyi-sarcomas.
Papillomas ze-Intraductal
Ama-papillomas amancinci ahlambalaza aqala kwiibisi zebisi ze-ingono kwaye zidlalwa ngokugqithiseleyo kubukho bentambo yokukhupha. Nangona ezi zivuthayo zihlala ziphazamisekile, ukuba zinemimandla ye-hyperplasia ye-atypical, inokudityaniswa nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza.
I-Fat Necrosis kunye ne-Oil Cysts
Xa amabele awonakaliswe ngophando okanye ngengozi, izicubu ezinobumba zingakhula. I-fat necrosis inokuvela apho ivakalelwa njengeqhekeza, okanye endaweni yoko, i- cysts ye-oven e- benign iyakwenzeka. I-fat necrosis ngamanye amaxesha ingethusa njengoko, ngaphezu koko, inokubangela ukukhulelwa kwebele kunye nokubethelwa kwe-ingono kunye nekhumba, iimpawu abafazi abafundiswayo ukuba bajonge xa besenza uvavanyo lwebele. Kwanokuba kwi-PET i-fat necrosis ingakwazi ukulinganisa umdlavuza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-biopsy iyadingeka ukuchazela umahluko.
Mastitis
Ukusuleleka kwebele, i-mastitis ivame ukuhamba kunye nobomvu, ukuvuvukala kunye nentlungu. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba kunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-mastitis kunye nomhlaza wesifuba ovuthayo , odla ngokuqala ngokubomvu, ukunyamezela, kunye nokugqithisa, kunokuba ucebe.
Duct Ectasia
I-ectasia yamathambo emathambo yimeko enobungozi apho amasila ebisi aguqulwa kwaye avuvuke, ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela ukukhutshwa kwegreyimu. Ingabangela intwana encinane nje phantsi kweengono zakho, kwaye ngezinye izikhathi yenza ukuba ingono ibuyiselwe ngaphakathi. Kuqhelekileyo kubasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
Izaphulo zamaRadio
Amacwecwe omnxeba yimeko engavamile engabonakaliyo, inqabileyo okanye inomdlavuza. Abaqhelekanga kubangele ihlumelo enokuziva kodwa ingabonakala njengengcambu kwi-mammogram. Ubunzima obunxulumene nobunzima bomnxeba kwi-mammogram budla ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula ukuphazamiseka ngumhlaza. I-biopsy idla ngokufunekayo, ingakumbi kuba iiseli zomhlaza zingaxutywa kunye nobunzima bomda.
Ezinye iinguqulelo zeBernign Breast
I-Lipomas okanye ezinye izicubu ezinobulunga okanye izibonda ziquka i- hamartomas , i- hemomomas , i-hemangiomas, i-adenomyoeptheliomas, kunye ne-neurofibromas ezinokwenzeka.
Canast Metastatic
Ngezihlandlo ezingaqhelekanga, ama-metastases amachiza eminye imimandla yomzimba, njengomdlavuza wekolon okanye umdlavuza wamaphaphu, unokuvelisa inkunzi entsha yebele.
Iisiseko kwiCanscer Breast
Umhlaza wesifuba unomsola owonakalisayo owenziwe ngeeseli zesifuba ezingavumelekanga, ezikhula ngendlela engalawulwayo engasasazeka kwiimfucu okanye ezinye iziko.
Ukubunjwa kunye neNdawo yeCanscer Breast
Isalonda esiswini esifanelekileyo siya kuba nesimo esingavumelekanga (nangona ngamanye amaxesha sinokujikeleza) kunye nomhlaba ojikelezayo, ngokufana nebhola yegalufu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kunzima kakhulu, njengesiqhekeza sekarrotti eluhlaza. Akunakukwazi ukuhamba ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwebele, kodwa ekubeni izicubu ezijikelezayo zingashukunyiswa, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukwazi ukuba isalathisi sishukumisa okanye ukuba izicubu ezinempilo ezijikelezayo zihamba. Ininzi kaninzi umdlavuza webele uyaba buhlungu, nangona umdlavuza webele usenokubangela iintlungu zentlungu , ngoko nokuba ingaba isifuba sesifuba sithenda asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
Umdlavuza wesifuba unokufumaneka kufuphi nomhlaba okanye ungaphakathi ngaphakathi kwebele, kufuphi nodonga lwesifuba. Inokuthi iphinde ibe khona kwingingqi ye-armpit, apho kukho iisifuba zesifuba ("umsila" webele). Indawo eqhelekileyo yindawo esezantsi, yangaphandle kwesifuba, kodwa i-tumor ingenzeka naphi na.
I-Cancer Diagnosis kunye neNyango
Ukuhlolwa kwesifuba sekliniki kunye ne-mammogram kunokunceda ukuxilongwa, nangona ngamanye amaxesha kuyadingeka i-ultrasound okanye i-MRI. Nangona zonke izifundo zengqondo, kungenokuba nzima ukuba ukwazi ukuba ihlunu ibhetele okanye ayibi. I-biopsy idla ngokufunekayo ukubonelela ngolwazi oluthe xaxa malunga nomtya kwaye yindlela kuphela yokuhlukanisa phakathi komhlaza kunye nesimo esingenomdla. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza i-biopsy yebele, kubandakanya i-biopsy yenaliti, i-biopsy eyintloko, okanye i-biopsy evulekile, kunye nenketho efanelekileyo izakuxhomekeka kwindawo yesikhumba kunye nokunye.
Unyango lomhlaza wesisu luxhomekeke kwisigaba sokuxilongwa. Ukongeza kwindlela yokuhlinzwa, unyango lunokubandakanya i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-hormonal, unyango lwe-radiation, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, okanye unyango olutsha, olufundiswa kwizilingo zonyango.
ILizwi
Ekugqibeleni, i- biopsy yamabele kuphela iyakwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwesikhumba somhlaza okanye isisu ngokubhekiselele kwisilonda sesifuba okanye isisu. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezinye iimeko zesisu ezinobulunga-ezinjengama-papillomas okanye i-hyperplasia ye-atypical-inokunyusa umngcipheko wesifazane wokuphucula umdlavuza webele.
> Imithombo:
> Larribe, M., Thomassin-Piana, J., no-A. Jalaguier-Coudray. AmaKhansela aseBestile kunye neLumps Lumps: Ulungelelaniso phakathi koMfanekiso kunye neAnatomopathology. UkuCatshulwa nokuTyekiswa koNxibelelwano . 2014. 95 (1): 37-46.
> Lehman, C., Lee, A., kunye noCee. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25341156. I-AJR American Journal ye-Roentgenology . 2014. 203 (5): 1142-53.
> Valeur, N., Rahbar, H., kunye noT. Chapman. I-ultrasound of Masters Breast Masses: Yintoni enokuyenza ngeLumps and Bumps. Radiology yezilwanyana . 2015. 45 (11): 1584-99.