Iimpawu ezininzi zeSclerosis

Iimpawu ezininzi zeSclerosis

I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS) isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esinokuba nzima ukuyihlolisisa, inxalenye enkulu ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kweempawu ezibangelwayo. Ngamanye amagama, i-MS ibonakalisa ngokukhethekileyo kumntu ngamnye ochaphazelekayo. Yingakho omnye umhlobo one-MS angabonakala esebenza kakuhle, kwaye omnye umhlobo one-MS akakwazi ukusebenza ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwakhe okuhlobene ne-MS.

Ukongeza kwimiba ekhethekileyo yeempawu ezibonwe kwi-MS, iimpawu ziyahluka ngexesha; ezinye ziza kwaye zihamba, ezinye zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala.

Kwakhona, iimpawu ziyahlukahluka-ezinye zinyameko kwaye zithwale, kwaye ezinye zizinzima kwaye zikhubaza.

Nangona kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweempawu ze-MS, zikhona ezinye eziqhelekileyo kunabanye, njengemvakalelo engavamile, ukukhathala, iingxaki zebladder, nokuxinezeleka.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ze-Multiple Sclerosis

> Jonga zombini izimo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezimo eziphene.

Kwingqondo kunye nomtya womthambo, iimbilini ze-nerve (i-axons) zinoxanduva lokudlulisa iimpembelelo ukusuka kwelinye selensi yesinye ukuya kwelinye.

I-myelin sheath, ejikelezayo kunye neengubo ezi zibopheko, yinto evumela ukuba le miphumo ihambe kakuhle ngokukhawuleza.

Kwi-MS, isistim somzimba somntu sihlasela isigxina se-myelin, okanye silimaza okanye sisitshabalalise. Oku kuphazamisa isibonakaliso senzwa, kubangela ukuba iimpawu ze-MS zibonakalise. Iimpawu, ngoko, ziyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke ekubeni ziphi na iindlela zokuphazamiseka kweentambo ezichaphazelekayo.

Iimpawu ezinxulumene nemizimba

Amagulane entanjeni yakho yokulawula umthambo emzimbeni wakho. Ngoko xa unxibelelwano lweentlanzi zingasebenzi, iimpawu ezinxulumene nemisipha zivela. Esinye seziganeko eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nemisipha e-MS bubuthathaka .

Njengoko unokucinga, ubuthathaka kwizandla okanye ngezandla kunokukwenza kube nzima ukuba umntu azalise imisebenzi efana nokupheka, ukuxubha amazinyo, okanye ukuthwala umntwana. Ubuthathaka emilenzeni, e-ankle kunye neenyawo kunokubangela ukuwa kunye nobunzima bokuhamba. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ubuthathaka akusoloko bubonakalisa uphawu, kwaye kunokuba nzima kumntu onokukuchaza.

Ukusabalalisa (ukuxhaswa kwemisipha engathintekiyo) yinye impawu ezinxulumene nesisu kunye ne-MS. Kuqhelekileyo kwimilenze, kodwa kunokuvela kwiingalo, amajoyina, kunye nomva ophantsi. Ubungakanani bentshutshiso bubuninzi-abanye abantu bachaza ukuqiniswa kancinci okanye ukuqina, ngelixa abanye banesifo esiqatha, esichukumisayo esichukumisayo esichaphazela ukunyakaza okanye ukuma.

Ukugubha (ukugubungela okungekho kolawulo lwakho) kunokunokwenzeka nakwi-MS kwaye kunokuchaphazela iingalo, imilenze, intloko, umzimba, okanye imisipha elawula intetho okanye ukusebenza kwezesondo.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zentshukumo kwi-MS.

Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba unyango lomzimba kunye nokusebenza lunokukunceda ukulawula iingxaki zakho zeemisipha ngokusebenzisa izivo zokuzivocavoca, ukusilalisa kunye nezixhobo zokuncedisa.

Ukukhathala

Kubantu abaninzi abane-MS, ukukhathala kuyinkxalabo yabo ephosakeleyo-kwaye ngokusoloko iqondwa kakubi, idibanisa ukuphazamiseka kokufumana le mpawu. Into enokukhathala kukuba akukona nje ukukhathala okungakuncitshiswa yintambo yokulala okanye ukuphumula. Ukuphelelwa ngumzimba kwe-MS kukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqha, ukuphelelwa ngumzimba wonke kungenza imisebenzi eyimfuneko njengokwenkcenkceshela, ukutya, okanye ukuthetha ngokungenakubekezeleka.

Abantu abaninzi abane-MS banokuchaza ukukhathala kwengqondo, okubizwa ngokuba yintliziyo yengqondo , apho imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokugxila kwingxoxo okanye ukubukela ibhayisikobho ingaba ngumngeni onzima kwaye ungathandeki.

Inxalenye enzima malunga nokukhathala kwi-MS kukuba kunokubangelwa sisifo ngokwalo (ukutshatyalaliswa kwemimoya eyenzeka kwingqondo kunye nomtya wentongo) okanye ezinye izinto ezinjenge:

Yingakho ukukrazula iimbangela zokukhathala kwakho ne-neurologist kubalulekile. Kungenzeka kube yinkqubo enobunzima, kodwa inelungelo.

Enyanisweni, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulwa nokukhathala kwe-MS . Enye yeendlela ezilungileyo kukusebenzisa inkqubo yogalelo okanye yoga. Musa ukukhangela iintloko zakho apha, njengoko kukho izifundo zenzululwazi ukubuyisela oku, nangona kubonakala kungenakuphikisa.

Izibonakaliso eziBalulekileyo kunye nobuhlungu

I-MS ibangele ibangele uluvo oluqhelekileyo olunjenge- numbness kunye nokubetha , ukuvutha, ukugubha, ukuxubha, ukuxubha, ukuxinwa, ukubetha, ukugwaza, ukukrazula, okanye ukunyanzeliswa-kwaye kunokuvela naphi na emzimbeni. Nangona ezinye zeziphazamiso zengqondo zixakeka ngakumbi kunokuba zithandeke, abanye bangabangela ubuhlungu kwaye banciphise.

Akukho ncazelo ecacileyo yeso sizathu sokuba abanye abantu beva intlungu kwi-MS kunye nabanye abakwenzi.

Esinye isibonakaliso esinxulumene nesisindo ngezinye iinkcukacha kubonwa ngabantu abane-MS kuthiwa nguLhermitte . Oku kwenzeka xa umntu echaphazela iinki zawo kwisifuba sakhe, esibangela ukuba unomsindo onjengegesi-mandla uqhuma entanyeni yakhe ukuya emthonjeni. Ayibonakali kuwo wonke umntu one-MS, kodwa xa ikhona, ibonisa ukuba i-MS yomntu iye yachaphazela iintsholongwane ezithile ngaphakathi kwentambo yomgogodla.

Into ebizwa ngokuba yi- MS hug enye uphawu lweklastiki kwaye ibonakaliswe ngokuxinwa kwi-esifubeni okanye esiswini (kunokuchaphazela iingalo nemilenze).

Ulwaphulo lunokuthi lulungele uhlobo lweempawu zengqondo umntu ojongene nazo. Ngokomzekelo, ukusilalisa, ukulula, i-muscle ephumayo, kunye nesixhobo sokuhamba esincedisayo kunokunceda umntu onomlenze weenyawo ngenxa yokunyanzelisa, ngelixa ezinye iimpawu zonyango ze-anticonbulsant zinokunceda umntu abe neengxaki ezinkulu "zezikhonkwane kunye neenaliti."

Iimpawu zokuqonda

Ukungasebenzi kwezinto ezichaphazelekayo kuthintela isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu abane-MS kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanye iingxaki ngememori, ingqwalasela, ukugxininisa, ukufumana amagama kunye nokucwangciswa kolwazi kwimeko yakho.

Iingxaki malunga nokuqonda ingabangela imiphumo ebalulekileyo yemvakalelo kunye nentlalo, njengoko umntu angaziva ekhululekile ukusebenzisana nabanye. Basenokukhathazeka ukuba abayi kukwazi ukufumana amagama abo kwingxoxo okanye bathathe inxaxheba kunye nokuzilibazisa okanye umsebenzi njengoko ngaphambi kokuxilongwa kwabo kwe-MS.

Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba iimpawu ezinengqiqo zihlala zifihlekile. Enyanisweni, baqheleke ngakumbi kumntu obafumanayo kunabanye. Kwakhona, kukho izicwangciso ezifanelekileyo kunye nezilula zokulawula iingxaki ezinengqiqo , ngoko unokuziva ukhululekile kwaye usenokholo kwakhona usebenzisa ingqondo yakho.

Ukuxinezeleka

Ukunyanzeliswa ngumthombo omkhulu wokubandezeleka kubantu abane-MS, kwaye inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na inqanaba. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakaliso engabonakaliyo njengokukhathala, ukuxhalaba okanye intlungu, ngoko kunzima kakhulu ukuyiqonda kubathandekayo kunye nawe.

Njengokukhathala, imbangela yokudakumba kunokusukela ekudakisweni komzimba okwenzeka kwingqondo, kwiinkonzo ezinxulumene ne-MS (ingakumbi i-interferon izifo eziguqula izifo ezifana neAvonex , i- Betaseron , okanye iRebif ), kunye / okanye uxinzelelo lokuphila ngesifo esingapheliyo .

Iimpawu zokudandatheka ziguquke kakhulu, kodwa zihlala ziquka ukuziva phantsi kunye / okanye ukufumana ukulahlekelwa yintlalo okanye inzala kwimisebenzi owaye wayinandipha ixesha elibini ubuncinane kwiiveki ezimbini. (Sonke sinemihla, kodwa ukuxinezeleka kuqhubeka.)

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zimpawu, okanye uxhalabele ngempilo yakho yengqondo okanye impilo yengqondo yomntu othandayo, nceda uqhagamshelane neenkxalabo zakho neengcali zonyango . Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ufuna unyango lwangokoxilongo xa unengqondo yokuzibulala okanye uziphatha ngokuzibulala.

Iimpawu zeBladder and Bowel Symptoms

Ungazivumi wodwa okanye unentloni xa unengxaki ye-bladder- iyenzeka malunga nama-80 ekhulwini abantu abane-MS kwaye ingaquka:

Izifo zogqirha ze-Urinary nazo ziqhelekileyo kwi-MS, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuhlula okokusuleleka koyintsholongwane ngokubhekiselele kwintoni oyi-MS yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha kokubili, njengentsholongwane kunokubangela ukuba i- MS iphinde ibuyele . Ukuba iingxaki ze-bladder zakho ezinxulumene ne-MS zandile okanye zibonakala zihlukile, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelane ne-neurologist yakho, ngoko unokufumana unonophelo olufanelekileyo.

Iingxaki zesisu, ikakhulukazi ukuqothulwa , ziqhelekile kwi-MS. I-diarrhea ingenzeka kwakhona. Ingxaki yezibilini kwi-MS ingakho ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwe-myelin ezungeze iimbilini ze-nerve ezijongene nokuthumela imiyalezo phakathi kwengqondo kunye neembilini. Imithi, ukungabikho kokuhamba, ukuxinezeleka, kunye nokukhathala kunokuncedisa neengxaki zengxubeba, ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ukukhusela iingxaki zeembilini ezivela kwindawo yokuqala kukubheja phambili. Oku kuya kufezwa ngokwaneleyo kokungena kwamanzi kunye ne-fiber, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Abanye abantu bafuna i-stool softeners okanye i-laxatives ukugcina isigulane sesiguli, kodwa oku kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela phantsi kolawulo lugqirha.

Ukungasebenzi kwezesondo

Le nto ingaba sisihloko esinzima kwaye sinzima ukuxoxa kunye nomlingane wakho kunye nogqirha, kodwa nceda yenza-ukungasebenzi kwesondo kuyisishalazo esiqhelekileyo kwi-MS, kwaye kukho izinyango ezininzi ezikhoyo.

Imizekelo eqhelekileyo yeengxaki zesini kwi-MS ziquka:

Imiba Yengxaki

Iingxaki zembono ziqhelekileyo, kodwa ngokukhawuleza zikhokelela ekubumbeni (ukwesaba okuqondakalayo phakathi kwabo abane-MS).

I-Nystagmus - ukunyuka kwamehlo okungabonakaliyo-kungenzeka kwi-MS, ngamanye amaxesha ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kangangokuthi kubonakalisa umbono.

Esinye isibonakaliso sembonakalo yombono yi- diplopia , okanye umbono obini . Oku kunokuba uphawu oluphazamisayo olwenzekayo xa izihlunu ezilawula ukuhamba kwamehlo zibuthathaka yi-MS. Iindaba ezilungileyo nangona kunjalo kukuba i-diplopia idla ngokufutshane.

I-optic neuritis ingenzeka nakwi-MS, ingakumbi kwiinqanaba zokuqala. I-optic neuritis iyenzeka xa kukho ukuvuvukala kwentsholongwane ephethe isalathiso kwiso ukuya kwingqondo. Kungabangela umbono ophazamisayo, intlungu yeso, okanye ubumpumputhe kwelinye iliso, kodwa lisoloko lisesigxina.

Vertigo

Kukho isibalo sezizathu ze- vertigo (uvakalelwa kukuba ujikelezayo) kumntu onomsebenzi we-MS. I-Vertigo ingaba yiphumo elisecaleni ukusuka kumachiza okanye ingxaki yendlebe yangaphakathi. Kwakhona kungenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwe-demyelination kwi-brainstem (isiqalo esidibanisa ingqondo kumgogodla).

Nangona kungekho umthetho okhuni kunye wokukhawuleza, i-vertigo evela kwi-MS idla ngokugqithiseleyo ngokunyuka kwentloko ethile. Kwakhona kudibaniswa ngokunyakaza kwamehlo okukhawuleza, ogqirha wakho angakubona ekuhloleni ngokomzimba. Ukuba unogqirha, ugqirha wakho unokubuza malunga nezinye iimpawu ezingenzeka xa i-MS ithinta i-brainstem, njengeengxaki zentetho (ukutsalana kwamagama okanye ukuthetha kancane) okanye umbono obini.

Iinkxalabo zeMpilo ezinokubukeka njenge-Multiple Sclerosis

Ayikho igazi elilodwa okanye uvavanyo lwezithombe ezibonisa ukuxilongwa kwe-MS . Kunoko, i-neurologist yakho kufuneka ihlole iimpawu zakho, yenza uvavanyo lomzimba, kwaye uhlolisise iimvavanyo ezifana ne- MRI yengqondo yakho kunye / okanye umgca we-spinal .

Ngamanye amazwi, ukuxilongwa kwe-MS ngumsebenzi onzima, kungekhona into ongayenza wena. Ngoko uzama ukungakhathazeki ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana ne-MS. Nciphisa ingqondo yakho uze ubone ugqirha wakho. Musa ukuthwala loo mthwalo.

I-MS iyilisifo esixilisayo, kwaye kukho ezinye zeemeko zempilo (ezincinci kunezinye) kunokuba zilingane ne-MS. Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukulawula abo baphuma kuqala. Imizekelo ye-MS imickers iquka:

ILizwi

Akukho nonyango ye-MS okwangoku, kodwa kukho inani leempiliso ezichanekileyo zezifo ezikhoyo. Ezi zonyango zifunyenwe ukunciphisa inani le-MS libuyela kwakhona kwaye liphucise umsebenzi we-MS jikelele wesifo.

Oko kuthetha, ngenxa yokuba unesisu, intlungu, kunye / okanye ukudandatheka akuthethi ukuba unayo i-MS. Ukubona ugqirha ukuba uvavanyo olufanelekileyo kunye nokuxilongwa kubalulekile ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana ne-MS. Ufanelwe iimpendulo sokuba kutheni uvakalelwa ngendlela oyiyo.

> Imithombo:

> Birnbaum, MD George. (2013). Multiple Sclerosis: Isikhokelo seNtsholongwane yokuHlola kunye noNyango, 2 iNguqulelo . ENew York, eNew York. I-Oxford University Press.

> I-National MS Society: i-MS Izimpawu. Kufumaneka: Julayi 16, 2016.

> Ziemssen T. Symptom Management kwi Izigulane nge Multiple Sclerosis. J Neurol Sci . NgoDisemba ka-2011; 311 Isondlo 1: S48-52.

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