Ngaba ubona kabini? Umbono ombini ukujonga ngokufanayo imifanekiso emibini yento enye. Imifanekiso inokuthi igxothwe ngokufudula, ijikeleze, idiagonally, okanye ijikeleze ngokumalunga nomnye.
Yintoni ebonwayo kabini?
Umbono ombini ngokuqhelekileyo uvela xa amehlo echanekileyo, okanye engakhange atyunjwe kwinto enye, esenza sibone imifanekiso emibini eyahlukileyo.
Zomibini iimifanekiso zithunyelwa kwingqondo esiyisebenzisayo njengombono ombini. Uninzi lwexesha, zombini amehlo ethu athatyathwa kwinto enye. Oku kuvelisa umfanekiso ocacileyo, omnye nomnyehluko owaneleyo phakathi kwemifanekiso emibini ukusinika umgca ogqithisileyo. Ukwahlukana okufihlakeleyo kusinika ukuqonda okucacileyo , okubizwa ngokuba ngumbono we-stereo. Enyanisweni, ukugqithisa kwezilwanyana amehlo, ukuqonda okungakumbi kunzulu.
Umbono ombini ungabangela iingxaki ebomini, kubandakanya ubunzima bokugqiba imisebenzi elula. Ngenhlanhla, ubuchopho ngokwemvelo ulindile kumbono obini ngokukhupha, okanye ukungawunaki, omnye wemifanekiso emibini. Sinesisombululo esiyinkimbinkimbi semisipha yamehlo kunye neentsholongwane ezixubanayo ukuze zihlale zihamba kunye kunye.
Izizathu
Ixesha lesigqirha semiboniso emibini yi-diplopia. I-Diplopia ingaba phakathi okanye ihlala rhoqo. Kungenxa yokuba indlela yeentsholongwane ezintathu ezilawula ukunyakaza kwemizimba yamehlo ide, iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ivela kwingqondo, imibono emibini ingabonakalisa ingxaki ebalulekileyo yengqondo.
Isiphene naphi na kule mizila sinokubangela umbono obini. Ezinye iziphoso zibangelwa kukulimala kwentloko, ukubetha, i-aneurysm, i-tumor ye-brain okanye ukukhupha kwengqondo. Isifo sikashukela, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne- multiple sclerosis zezifo eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangela ukukhubazeka okwethutyana kwemisipha elawula imisipha yamehlo, engabangela umbono obini.
Enye imbangela yemibono kabini yintambo. I-Strabismus yimeko esenza ukuba amehlo angabonakali, ngokubhekiselele kuthiwa "ukujika kwamehlo." Uninzi lwabantu abane-strabismus bazalwa nalo kwaye baneliso elithatha ukungena ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. I-Strabismus inokubangela ukuba iliso elinye lichazwe okanye lihla. Kwiintsana ezininzi, kunzima ukufumana isizathu esinyani. Ngamanye amaxesha i-strabismus ibangelwa yimpazamo enkulu yokuphambuka (imfuneko yeiglasi zogunyaziso) kunye ngamanye ama-tumor eye. Uninzi lwabantwana abancinci abahluphekanga kwimibono kabini nangona amehlo abo ahlekisiwe. Iingqondo zethu zihlala zihlawulela kwaye zisithinte ukuba sibone ngokuphindwe kabini ngokucima enye yemifanekiso kwaye yenze ilahleke. Ingqondo yethu ifunda ukungayinaki imifanekiso engaphezulu, eyaziwa ngokuba yinkcitho. Abantwana babonakala bevumelanisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ubuchopho babo bunqanda enye imifanekiso ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, xa omnye umfanekiso unqatshiwe, umntwana usemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa i-amblyopia, ebizwa ngokuba yiso liso, kuba iliso ayisebenzisi kakuhle. Xa i-strabismus ikhula kubantu abadala, imbono emibini iyakwenzeka. Ingqondo yomntu omdala inenkinga yokunciphisa omnye umfanekiso ekuqaleni, ngenxa yokuba inxalenye enkulu yobomi babo, bobabini amehlo bebenokusebenza ngokupheleleyo.
I-Monocular Diplopia
Ngona nxalenye enkulu, kufuneka ube neyesibini ezisebenzayo ngokupheleleyo ukuze ubone umbono obini. Nangona kunjalo, kukho olunye uhlobo lombono ombini onokuvela kwiso linye, elibizwa ngokuba yi-monocular diplopia. Isizathu esona siqhelo se-diplopia ye-monocular yi- cataract . I-cataract i-clouding kunye nokuchithwa kwezinto eziqhelekileyo, i-lens ecacileyo ngaphakathi kweso luntu. Uninzi lwe-cataracts lukhula njengoko sibudala. Ezinye izigulana zingabangelwa ngengozi kwiso. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-clouding ivela kwiinqununu ezibukhali kwi-lens eyenza ukukhanya kuhlukaniswe kabini xa kungena kwimehlo. Abanye abantu bayaqonda ukuba njengemibono emibini.
I-Astigmatism inokubangela ukuba nombono ophindiweyo kwiso. I-Astigmatism , ingxaki yombono oqhelekileyo ophazamisa umboniso, ngamanye amaxesha ungaphuma okanye ululaze umfanekiso omkhulu kangangokuthi ubonakala uphindwe kabini.
Unyango
Ukumboza: Indlela elula kakhulu yokonyango yombono ombini ukugubungela iso elilodwa. Oku kuphelisa ngokukhawuleza umfanekiso omnye kodwa unempembelelo embi yokunciphisa umbono wakho obunzulu okanye ukuqonda okujulile.
I-Fresnel "Cinezela" Prism: Enye indlela ebalulekileyo yokuphatha imboniselo emibini kukusebenzisa i-prisres yeFresnel ngaphezulu kweeklasi zakho. I-fresnel prism yincwadana encinci yeepilisi ezininzi ezincinane ezitshintsha ukukhanya kwindlela ethile. I-prism iyishukumisela umfanekiso ojongene nelihlo ukujonga kwindawo efanelekileyo ukuze zombini amehlo angakwazi ukufakela umfanekiso ngokukodwa, umfanekiso ocacileyo. I-fresnel prism inenzuzo yokuba yesikhashana. I-fresnel prism ingaxutywa kwiiglasi ngokulula njengoko i-diplopia isombulula. I-fresnel prism iyincedo xa umbono obini ubangelwa zizimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umbono ombini uhlala kwiinyanga ezingaphantsi kwe-6-9 kwaye uhamba xa imeko yenkqubo iphathwa ngayo.
I-Prism ye-Ophthalmic: Ukuba umbono ombini uhlala unaphakade, ngoko-njalo, i-prism ye-ophthalmic ingasenzela umyalelo wakho weglasi. Ngamanye amaxesha kwandisa ubukhulu be lensi kwelinye icala kodwa lukhangeleka kangcono kwi-cosmetically kune-prisres yeFresnel.
Umbono Wonyango: Ulwaphulo lweMiboniso (VT) luquka ezininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukulungisa imbono kabini kunye ne-strabismus. Ngamanye amaxesha oomatshini abathile kunye neekhompyutheni zekhompyutheni zisetyenziselwa ukunika ingxelo yokuziphatha komntu ukulawula umbono obini. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukusetyenziswa kwemisipha yamehlo okwenziwe kwenzelwa ukuqinisa imisipha yamehlo.
Ugqirha: Ukuvuthwa kwemibono kabini kuphumelele kakhulu kwiimeko ezininzi. Abagqirha bamajoni abakhethekileyo ekusebenzisweni kwezilonda zezilwanyana basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ukunciphisa okanye ukuhambisa imisipha yeziliso. I-sutures ezilungelelweyo zisetyenziselwa ukuhlaziya ukulungiswa kwemisipha yamehlo emva kokuhlinzwa.
I-Botox: I-toxin ye-botulin ijojowe ngqo kwi-muscle yokulawula ukunyuka kwamehlo. Le nto ibimbela i-nervous impulse kwaye ibangela ukuba imisipha ikhubazeke. Le misipha iyanqumla kwaye ezinye izihlunu zamehlo zithatha i-slack ukulungisa iso. Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo kubandakanya ijwabu leso okanye imbi kabini.
ILizwi
Umbono ombini ngowona nkxalabo yezempilo. Nangona kunjalo "ukuza ngokukhawuleza" umbono obini uphambili. Xa i-diplopia ifika ngokukhawuleza, ingxaki yeengqondo kwiingqondo zakho kufuneka ihlale ilawulwa ngaphandle kokuphenya ngezizathu eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba unemibono emibini, kufuneka uhlolwe ngu-optometrist, i- ophthalmologist , i-neurologist okanye ezinye iingcali zonyango ngokukhawuleza.
Emva kovavanyo, ugqirha uya kukubuza le mibuzo elandelayo:
- Ingaba imbono kabini yavela ngokukhawuleza, okanye sele ikhona khona ixesha?
- Ngaba ihlala ihlala njalo, okanye ibonakala ihamba nayo?
- Ngaba imbono ephindwe kabini ihamba xa ugubungela iliso elinye?
- Ngaba ubona kabini kwelinye iliso okanye zombini amehlo?
Umthombo: I-Neuro-Ophthalmology - Iincwadi zezifundo ze-Ophthalmology. AmaSlamovits, uThomas L. noRonald Burd. I-Copyright 1994, i-Mosby-Year Book Yurophu, Ltd.