Ugqirha wamehlo ngumntu ogxininisekile kwiimviwo, unyango kunye nokunakekelwa kwamehlo. Eli gama ugqirha wamehlo unokubhekisela kwi-ophthalmologist okanye i-optometrist.
Ophthalmologists
I- ophthalmologist ngugqirha weziliso ogxininisa kwimicimbi yonyango kunye nocwangco lwamehlo kunye neenkqubo ezibonwayo, kwakunye nokukhuselwa kwesifo seziliso kunye nokulimala.
La oogqirha bamehlo banokumisela iiglasi kunye neelensi zokudibanisa kunye nokuphatha izifo zamehlo ngamachiza, i-laser iinkqubo kunye nokutyunjwa kweziliso ezinzima.
I-Ophthalmologists ingaba ngugqirha weyeza (MD) okanye oogqirha be-osteopathic medicine (DO). Uqeqesho lwe-ophthalmologist kunye nemfundo yezobugcisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo luba malunga nama-12-13 iminyaka. Oku kubandakanya ukugqiba iminyaka emine kwizifundo zezifundo ze-undergraduate eziqhelekileyo ezikhokelela kwisikolo se-bachelor degree, iminyaka emine yeziko lezonyango okanye i-osteopathic, unyaka owodwa wokuqeqeshwa kweyeza kunye neminyaka emithathu yoqeqesho lokuhlala kunye kunye namaxesha athile, unyaka omnye ekufundiseni ubudlelwane. Imimandla eqhelekileyo yoxanduva lusetyenziso lwengxenyana yangaphandle, i-cornea kunye nesifo sangaphandle, i-glaucoma, i-neuro-ophthalmology, i-oculoplastics, i-ophthalmology yezilwanyana, i-retina kunye ne-vitreous ne-uveitis kunye ne-immunology.
Optometrists
I-optometrist ngugqirha wamehlo ogunyazisiweyo ukuhlola, ukuxilonga, ukuphatha, nokulawula izifo kunye nokuphazamiseka kweso kunye nemiboniso yenkqubo kwaye zibhekwa njengononophelo lwezonyango.
La oogqirha bamehlo, abhekiswe njengogqirha be-optometry (OD), bamisela iiglasi kunye neelensi zokuxhumana. I-Optometrists iphinda ihlolwe iingxaki zombono kunye nezifo zamehlo, imisele imilomo yomlomo kunye namayeza okuphatha izifo zamehlo, ukwenza iinkqubo ezincinane kwi-ofisi kunye nokubonelela unyango ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
Uqeqesho lwe-optometrist luqulethe iminyaka yesibhozo okanye yesithoba kwimfundo noqeqesho. Oku kubandakanya ukugqiba iminyaka emine yezifundo ze-undergraduate ziqhele ukukhokelela kwisikolo se-bachelor degree, iminyaka emine yesikolo se-optometry, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, uqeqesho olulodwa ukuya kwiminyaka emibini yokuhlala kwindawo ethile ekhethekileyo. Imimandla eqhelekileyo yoxanduva luquka ukusetyenziswa kwentsapho ye-optometry, ukunakekelwa kwamehlo okuqala, i-cornea kunye ne-lens zokuxhumana, i-optometry ye-geriatric, i-optometry yezilwanyana, ukulungiswa kwemiboniso ephantsi, ukunyangwa kombono, unyango lweziliso
Iingcali Zama-Opticians Azinalo Amagqirha Eziliso
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele enye ingcali ethi "O" ngokudibeneyo idideke kunye ne-ophthalmologists kunye ne-optometrists. Umsebenzi wesithathu oqhelekileyo kwishishini lokunyamekela kwamehlo ngumsebenzi wezobugcisa. Iingcali zogqirha ziyakwazi ukuqinisekiswa kwezinye iimeko ngokugqiba ukufundela phantsi koogqirha bezilwanyana kunye nabanye baya kugqiba i-degree degree associate degree. Iingcali zezobugcisa azibona oogqirha beziliso kodwa ngabaqeqeshi abaqeqeshwe ukugaya nokwenza izibuko zamehlo, ukukhupha , ukulungisa nokulungisa iziglasi. Bancedisa izigulane ekufumaneni iiglasi zokukhanya kunye nakwezinye iimeko, qha ga mshelana nazo.
Nangona ama-opticians abengekho oogqirha bamaso, kubalulekile ukuba bangayonakalisi umsebenzi wabo. Uninzi lwamagqirha asebenza ngokwawo awazi kakuhle indlela oxabisekileyo ngayo i-optician efanelekileyo kakhulu eqhuba igalari ye-optical okanye eyeglass kwaye akakwazi ukusebenza usuku ngaphandle kwabo. Ama-opticians abalungile ekujongeni iingxaki zeengxaki kunye nokwenza utshintsho kuloo nto evumela abantu ukuba bavumelane ngokufanelekileyo kwaye banxibe iingubo zabo ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Iingcamango Zokuvala
Xa ukhetha ugqirha weziliso, qwalasela iziqinisekiso ezipheleleyo zomfundi, amava, iinkonzo ezinikezwayo, kunye nokwaneliseka kwesigulane. Bobabini i-optometrists kunye ne-ophthalmologists kufuneka baqinisekiswe ngokusebenzisa isikhungo sokunakekelwa kwempilo esivunyelweyo kwaye banikwe ilayisenisi ukuba baqhube ngebhodi lebhodi le-optometry okanye ibhodi yezokwelapha.
Ukuze uqonde ulwalamano phakathi kwama-optometrists kunye ne-ophthalmologists, cinga ngolu hlobo njengogqirha wakho oyintloko ugqirha, ulawula kwaye ubeka imithi yesifo sikashukela. Ulawula imeko yakho kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, i-endocrinologist iyimfuneko yokulawula iimeko ezinzima zesifo sikashukela.