Ukulinganisa iiNzuzo kunye neengozi zonyango
I-Anticholinergics yinkalo ebanzi yeziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iindidi ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezichaphazela ukuqhekeka nokuphucula izihlunu.
Ziquka imishanguzo esetyenziselwa ukuphatha isisu esingenasiphelo, isifo sikaParkinson, isifo sohudo, ukuhlanza, isifo se-asthma, isifo esingasasigxina se-pulmonary disease (COPD) , izidumbu ze-muscle, isifo esilumkileyo esiswini (IBS) , kunye nezinye iimeko ezibandakanya ukunyakaza kwemizimba.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa
I-Acetylcholine yinto eveliswa ngumzimba osebenza njenge-neurotransmitter. Isebenza kwiiseli zesisongela ukuhambisa imiyalezo yeekhemikhali kwingqondo. Ngokwenza njalo, i-acetylcholine ikwazi ukulawula imisebenzi ethile ye-biological ngokuzikhawulezisa okanye ukuphungula.
Ezi ziquka izihlunu zamathambo ezibandakanyekayo ekuhambeni nasezintanjeni ezipholileyo ezitholakala entliziyweni, esiswini, emathunjini, kwindlela yokucoca, kunye nemiphunga. Iiseli ezibandakanyekayo ekuqhekekeni kwezi zihlunu zinemitholampilo yesifo. Abo bamkela i-acetylcholine bajongwa njenge-cholinergic.
Xa ubhekene nomsebenzi ongaqhelekanga wemisipha, kukho iziyobisi ezingavimba i-acetylcholine ngokuzibophelela kwi-receptors ye-cholinergic. Ngaphandle kweendlela zokuhambisa imilayezo yeekhemikhali, izicatshulwa zinokumiswa kwaye iimpawu zikhululiwe.
Sibhekisela kule nto njengempembelelo ye-anticholinergic.
Iziphumo zecala leAnchocholinergic
Ukongeza kwimivalo ye-muscle, iindidi ezithile ze-acetylcholine zilawula imemori, ukufunda, kunye nemizwa.
Ekubeni iziyobisi ze-anticholinergic zingabalulekanga kwiintlobo ze-receptor ezivimbayo, zinokubangela uluhlu lweempembelelo ezichaphazela umzimba kunye nengqondo.
Ezi ziquka:
- Umlomo owomileyo ngenxa yokuvalwa kweengqungquthela ze-salivary
- Umqala ngenxa yokunciphisa umkhiqizo we-mucus
- Ukungabikho kwesifungo
- Ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba
- Ukukhanya kokukhanya ngenxa yokuphucula umfundi
- Umbono ogqityiweyo okanye umbono obini
- Ukongeza kwenani lentliziyo ukuhlawulela utshintsho kumsebenzi we-vascular
- Ukulungelelaniswa kakubi ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamathambo
- Ukungahambisani ne-Urinary xa ulele
- Ukuvuza kwamanzi
- Ukudideka
- Iingxaki zeMemori
- Ukungahambi
- Ukungakwazi ukugxila
- Ukutyekela ukudibaniswa lula
- Hallucinations
- Dementia
Iinzuzo ze-Anticholinergic Impact
Inani lamachiza lizalisekisa iinjongo zonyango ngenxa yempembelelo ye-anticholinergic. Ngokunciphisa ukunyakaza kwebilini, umzekelo, umntu unokufumana ukukhululeka kwirhudo. Ngokufanayo, umqobo wokuphefumula ohambisana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD unokuphuculiswa xa i-receptors ye-lunglin ephazamisekile.
I-Antispasmodics yiklasi elilodwa leziyobisi apho i-anticholinergic effect ithathwa njengenzuzo. Nangona iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane kunye ne-dosage ephantsi kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zilawulwa.
Izidakamizwa ze-Antispasmodic ezinefuthe le-anticholinergic ziquka:
- Bentyl (dicyclomine)
- Buscopan (i-hyoscine butylbromide )
- Levsin (hyoscyamine)
- ILomotil (i-atropine / diphenoxylate)
- Inablex (darifenacin)
- Pamine (methylscopamine)
- I-Spiriva (i-tiotropium bromide)
- Symmetrel (amantadine)
- I-Vesicare (solifenacin)
Impembelelo yeAnticholinergic ezingalindelekanga
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukho iziyobisi ezinefuthe elingafunekiyo lokulwa ne-anticholinergic.
Ziquka ezithile izidandlululo kunye ne-antipsychotics ezandisa okanye zinciphisa i-dopamine kunye ne-serotonin neurotransmitters ukuguqula isimo sengqondo somntu. Kwezinye iimeko, iziyobisi zingavimba i-acetylcholine kwaye zikhokelela kwiziphumo zecalacholinergic.
Umngeni, kunjalo, ukuba izidandlululo kunye ne-antipsychotics zivame ukumiselwa kwixesha elide, okwenza ulawulo lweempawu lube nzima nakakhulu.
Iintsholongwane kunye nee-antipsychotics ezineempembelelo ze-anticholinergic ziquka:
- Elavil (amitriptyline)
- I-Norpramin (desipramine)
- ETofranil (imipramine)
- Pamelor (nortriptyline)
- Paxil (paroxetine)
- ITrarazine (chlorpromazine)
- Clozaril (clozapine)
- Zyprexa (olanzapine)
- Mellaril (thioridazine)
Phakathi kwezo zombini ezi zigqithiseleyo, kukho amaxesha apho i-dose-anti-depressants ingaphantsi ingasetyenziselwa ukuphatha intlungu engapheliyo kunye ne-IBS. Isiphumo esifanayo sifumaneka nge-antipsychotics ephantsi-dose kunye nesifo se-Parkinson.
Ngokujonga ubunzima kunye neengxaki ze-anticholinergic effect, oogqirha banokufumana isilwanyana esifanelekileyo kunye nesilinganisi sokuhambisa unyango ngaphandle komthwalo wemiphumo emibi.
ILizwi
Ukuba unobungozi obungathinteliyo ngenxa yemiphumo ye-anticholinergic yesilwanyana, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha unokukwazi ukunciphisa umyinge okanye ukufumana endaweni efanelekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, akufanele unqande nasiphi na isilwanyana ngaphandle kokuqala ukuthetha nodokotela wakho. Ukwenza njalo ngezinye izihlandlo kungabangela iziphumo ezibi (ngakumbi i-anti-depressants) ezithile ngaphandle kokuba unyango lukhutshwe kancinci.
> Umthombo:
> Fox, C; Smith, T; Ukukhwabanisa, I. kunye al. "Impembelelo yeyeza kunye neendawo zokulwa ne-anticholinergic kwimisebenzi yokuqonda, i-delirium, umsebenzi womzimba kunye nokufa: uhlolo oluhlelekile". Ubudala nokuguga . 2014; 43 (5): 604-15. INGXELO: 10.1093 / ukuguga / afu096.