Ukuva ugqirha wakho kukuthabatha i-phlebotomy ye-thrapeutic (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-bloodletting or venationection) inokumangalela. Umele uzibuze, "Ngaba oogqirha bakwenza oko? Uya kulungelelanisa. Ngamhlanje kukho amaxesha afanelekileyo okusebenzisa i-phlebotomy njengonyango, makhe sihlolisise kunye noko kubonakala kubomi bobubomi.
Indima yePhlebotomy
Kule minyaka i-phlebotomy ayizange ifumaneke kakhulu kwiimeko ezininzi zonyango njengoko ithathelwe indawo yonyango olujoliswe ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, i-phlebotomy inendima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni unyango lweemeko ezintathu: i- polycythemia vera (PV), i- hemochromatosis yefa (i-iron loadload) kunye ne- porphyria cutenea tarda (PCT).
I-Polycythemia vera yimeko apho ukuguquka komzimba kubangela ukuba umnatha wethambo wenze amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaninzi (i- erythrocytosis okanye i-polycythemia), iiplatelet (thrombocytosis), kunye neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (leukocytosis). Olu konyuka kwiiseli zegazi, ngokukodwa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, linyusa igazi elinciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Ukususwa kwegazi nge-phlebotomy yonyango kunokuphucula iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa iimbophu.
I-hemochromatosis ye-Hereditary iyimeko ezuze ilifa elibangela ukunyuselwa kwinyithi ephezulu ukusuka ekudleni okubangelwa yintsimbi ephezulu.
Insimbi eyongeziweyo ibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwisibindi, intliziyo kunye neepancreas. Ukususwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kuvuselela umongo wethambo ukwenza amangqamuzana obomvu egazi usebenzisa isinyithi egcinwe emzimbeni.
I-PCT yimeko ebangelwa ukusilela kwi-enzyme (iikhemikhali) efunekayo ukwenza i-heme (inxalenye yamaseli obomvu athatha insimbi).
Oku kubangelwa ukuba i-porphyrines ibe yinto engaphezulu kweyona nto ibangela ukuhlutha kwesikhumba xa ibonakala ngokukhanya. Ngenxa yokuba i-disorder-related relationship, ukususwa kweeseli ezibomvu zesebe nge-phlebotomy yonyango olukhethiweyo.
Ukulindelekela kwi-Phlebotomy
I-Phlebotomy yinkqubo elula. Kungenziwa kwireferensi, esibhedlele, okanye kwiziko lokunikela ngegazi. Kuyafana nokunikela ngegazi .
Inaliti ifakwa kwisitya esikhulu segazi, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-elbow crease, ukususa igazi. Igazi lingaqokelelwa kwingxowa okanye kwiisring. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubantu abadala, i-pint yegazi (450 - 500 mL) isuswa ngexesha. Ubume be-phlebotomy ziyahlukahluka ngokubhekiselele kwiimeko zakho zonyango kunye neempawu zelabhoratri.
Kwi-PV, i-phlebotomy yenziwa kanye okanye kabini ngeveki de i-hematocrit (ukulinganisa kweengxube zegazi ezibomvu) zisondele ngokuqhelekileyo. Emva koko i-phlebotomy yenziwa njalo emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa ukugcina i-hematocrit kufuphi neqhelekileyo. Kwi-hemochromatosis yelifa, i-phlebotomies ingaba ngeveki ukuya ku-ferritin (ukulingana kwezitolo zentsimbi) kuqhelekile. Ukuthintela amanqanaba esinyithi ekuphuhliseni kwakhona, i-phlebotomy iya kwenziwa nganye kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezine. Kwi-PCT, i-phlebotomy yenziwa rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine kwaye ziyeke.
Uyakwazi ukufumana i-phlebotomy yonyango kwiziko lakho lomnikelo wegazi. Iziko liza kufuna udokotela ukuba azalise unyango. Ukongezelela, ngo-1999, iDiary Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yavuma ukuba igazi elixhaswe ngabantu abane-inherited hemochromatosis lingasetyenziselwa ukudluliselwa nje kuphela xa bedibene nezinye iindlela zokunikezela ngegazi (ubunzima, iminyaka, ukungabi nendawo yokungena kwiindawo ezibeka ingozi , njl).
Imiphumo emibi yePhlebotomy
Iziphumo eziphambili ze-phlebotomy zihambelana nokutshintsha kwegazi. Unokufumana utywala okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi emva koko abanye bakunyamezela ngaphandle kwemiba.
Yingakho emva kokunikela ngegazi umchwepheli ekucela ukuba uhlale ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokuma. Kufuneka uphuze amanzi amaninzi emva koko. Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka okanye zingenakuxolisa, emva kokuba igazi lisuswe, i-saline fluid inokunikezwa nge-IV ukutshintsha umthamo ususwe.
I-Phlebotomy yezinye iimeko
I-Phlebotomy nayo isebenzise kwezinye iimeko ezithile. Abantu abafumana igazi elibomvu kwiimpawu zonyango njengomdlavuza, i-sickle cell anemia, kunye ne-thalassemia basengozini yokuphuhlisa i-iron (ifunyenwe kunokuba izuzwe njengelichazwe ngasentla). Xa aba bantu begqiba unyango (asisadingi imithi yechemotherapy, yonyango ngethambo lomtshini wokutsalwa kwethambo), i-phlebotomy iyisisombululo esinamandla sokususa i-iron engaphezulu. Kule mizekelo, i-phlebotomy ayiyi kuba yinkomfa kodwa ifike ifikelele kwisantya esifanelekileyo sensimbi.
I-Phlebotomy ingasetyenziselwa abantu abane-anemia yesaleni yesigane efuna ukunyuswa kwegazi konke ukukhusela imivimbo. Kule meko, i-phlebotomy idibene ne-red blood cell transfusion kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-transfusion exchange transfusion. Ukuxilongwa kwe-cell cell ebomvu kusetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yegazi isuswe kunokuba isisombululo se-saline njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla. Le nto ingaba sisixhobo esinempumelelo ekunciphiseni i-iron buildup kula bantu.