Ngaba kukho into efana neeseli ezibomvu zamanzi amaninzi? Xa abaninzi abantu bacinga ngeengxaki zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, bacinga nge- anemia , inani elincinci leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kodwa ezininzi iiseli zegazi ezibomvu zinokuba yingxaki. Oku kubizwa ngokuthi i-polycythemia, okanye i-erythrocytosis. Kukho ulwahlulo lobugcisa phakathi kwababini kodwa bahlala besetyenzisiswa ngokungafaniyo.
Ingxaki yeeNinzi ezininzi zeeGomvu zegazi
Kutheni unokucinga ukuba kukhona okungcono kunokwaneleyo, i-polycythemia ingabangela iingxaki ezibalulekileyo. Oku kwandisa igazi kuba ngoku kukho iiseli ezininzi kwinani elifanayo legazi (elibizwa nge-plasma). Eli gazi kunzima ukuhamba emitanjeni yegazi kwaye kunokubangela ukubetha, ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo, i-blood clots okanye i-pulmonary embolus (i-blood clot emphupheni).
Iimpawu zePolycythemia
Iimpawu ze-polycythemia ziyacaca kwaye abanye abantu abanalo naziphi iimpawu kwaye bafunyaniswa emva komsebenzi webhoratri rhoqo.
- Ubuthathaka okanye utywala
- Ukukhathala okanye ukhathala
- Intloko
- Ukutshiza, ngamanye amaxesha emva kokuhlamba okanye ukuhlamba
- Intlungu edibeneyo, ngokuqhelekileyo inzwane enkulu
- Intlungu zesisu
- Ubomvu buso
Ukuxilongwa
I-Polycythemia ichongwa ngamanani epheleleyo egazi . Inani elibomvu lamaseli egazi (i-RBC), i-hemoglobin, kunye / okanye i-hematocrit iphakanyisiwe. Umsebenzi wegazi uya kuphinda ulawule ngaphandle kwephutha lebhubhoratri.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zihluka ngobudeni kunye nobulili (emva kobuntwaba) kunye nokuchaphazela inkcazo ye-polycythemia.
Olunye usebenze-msebenzi luyenziwa ukwenzela ukuba ichongwe ukuba isizathu singabonwa. Oku kubandakanya ukulinganisa iqondo le-oksijini (edlalwa ngokuba yinkomo ye-pulse) kunye nokuhlola intliziyo kunye nemiphunga (i-x-ray esifubeni, i-EKG, kunye ne-echocardiogram) ukulawula amanqanaba e-oksijeni aphantsi njengesizathu.
I-Erythropoietin level, i-hormone efihliwe yizintso ezikhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeselfom ebomvu, inokulinganiswa. I-fat marrow aspirate kunye ne-biopsy nayo ingenziwa.
Yonke le migaqo ingaba yintsha kuwe. Ukuba ugqirha uyisebenzisa, okanye xa ufumana ingxelo yebhan kwaye unenkathazo yokuyiqonda, cela uncedo. Ukwenza uphando lwakho kunokunceda, kodwa kuba neengcali ezichazayo kuwe kunenzuzo eyongezelelweyo: baya kuchaza ukuba zeziphumo zithini malunga nawe ngokukodwa.
Izizathu
- I-Polycythemia vera : Lo mqathango onqabile womnatha wethambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unayo i-white levercy cell count (leukocytosis) kunye nenani leplatelet eliphakamileyo (thrombocytosis). Oku kungabangela ukuguqulwa kofuzo olubizwa ngokuba yiJAK2.
- Uhlobo: Ezi iimeko ezizuze ilifa apho umzimba uvelisa iiseli zegazi ezibomvu kunokuba zilindeleke.
- Imiqathango eyenza i-oksijeni ephantsi kwigazi (i-hypoxia), njenge:
- Isifo sokuphefumula esingapheliyo (COPD)
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Ukulala ngomoya
- Uxinzelelo lwe-Hypertension
- Izidumbu ezenza i-erythropoietin, njenge:
- I-hepatocellular carcinoma (umdlavuza wesibindi)
- Renal cell carcinoma (umhlaza wesifo)
- Ukuxhamla kwezigulane ze-adrenal
- Ngamaxesha onke ama-cysts ezintso
Iintsana nazo zingaba ne-polycythemia edla ngokuxhomekeke kuyo
- Iimeko ezinxulumene namazinga aphantsi oksijini ngelixa utero
- I-twwin ukuya kwi-twin transfusion: Kule meko, elinye iwele lifumana igazi elingaphezulu kwi-placenta kunezinye.
Unyango
- Ukuqwalaselwa: Ukuba unobungozi, ugqirha wakho unokukugcina
- Unyango lomqathango osisiseko obangela i-polycythemia
- I-Phlebotomy: Igazi lisuswe kwisigqubuthelo kwishedyuli rhoqo ukukhusela iingxaki. Igazi lidla ngokutshintshwa kunye ne-saline evamile (i-fluid enikezwe emthanjeni).
- I-Hydroxyurea: I-Hydroxyurea, imithi yomlomo, ingasetyenziswa ukuba i-phlebotomy ayinyanzelwanga. I-Hydroxyurea iya kunciphisa zonke izibalo zegazi: iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelet.
- I-Interferon-alpha: I-Interferon-alpha ingasetyenziselwa ukuvuselela isistim somzimba sakho sokulwa nomzimba wokulwa nokugqithiswa kweeseli ezibomvu zeeseli.
- I-Aspirin: I-Aspirin ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wee-clots. I-Aspirin inqanda iiplatelet ukusuka.
- I-Ruxolitinib: I-Ruxolitinib ingasetyenziselwa kwizigulane ezine-JAK2 ukuguquguquka kwaye ayiyikunyamezela okanye ayiphenduli unyango lwe-hydroxyurea.