Isidingo sokumpontshelwa igazi ngexesha okanye emva kokuhlinzwa ngokukhawuleza akuqhelekanga. Ukuhlaselwa ngexesha lokuhlinzwa akuphepheki, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukuphuma okwaneleyo ukufuna ukuxilongwa kulindeleke. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ezinjenge- hemorrhage ngexesha leenkqubo, ukunyelwa igazi kungenziwa ngexesha le nkqubo. Kwezinye izigulane, ukuphuma ngegazi ngexesha lotyando lingaba lukhulu kunokoqhelekileyo, okwenza ukuxilongwa kufuneke ngexesha lokuphulukana.
Iinkcazo
Isibonakaliso esona sikhulu sokuthi ukufunyanwa kwegazi kuyadingeka uvavanyo lwegazi lweCBC . Amanqanaba e-Hemoglobin kunye ne-hematocrit angabonisa ukuba ukunyuswa kwegazi kukhuthazwa, kuyimfuneko okanye ayimfuneko.
Umntu ofuna ukumpontshelwa igazi angabonisa iimpawu kunye namava okulahleka kwegazi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-anemia. Ukongeza kwiinguqu ezibonwa xa igazi livavanywa, umntu ofuna ukumpontshelwa ngokuthe rhoqo uziva ebuthathaka, aphephe ngokulula, kwaye angabonakala ephahlazekile.
Mngcipheko
Ukumpontshelwa igazi, nangona kuyimfuneko, akukho ngaphandle kweengozi. Ingozi yokumpontshelwa igazi ivela kwi-bruise encinci kwi-IV indawo ibe yingozi enkulu yokufa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isigqibo sokuba negxothwa-mali sinzulu kwaye kufuneka senziwe ngengqiqo.
Ezinye iindlela
Ezinye izigulana zikhetha ukunqunyelwa igazi ngenxa yezizathu zonqulo, okanye ngenxa yokuba zivakalelwa ingozi yokumpontshelwa igazi.
Ezinye zezi zi gulane zikhetha ukumpontshelwa kwegazi ngokuzenzekelayo ukunciphisa ingozi okanye ukucwangcisa ukuhlinzwa ngaphandle kwegazi xa kunokwenzeka. Amachiza anokunceda umzimba wenze igazi ngokukhawuleza kunokuqhelekileyo. Ubhaliso , okanye i-Erythropoietin, ivuselela ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi elibomvu kwaye ingenza ukufakela igazi kungadingekile.
NgeType Typing
Ukuze ufumane ukumpontshelwa igazi, uhlobo lwakho lwegazi kufuneka luzimisele.
Ngxakeko, i-O-igazi inokunikezwa ngaphambi kokuba uhlobo lwakho lwegazi luyaziwa, kodwa xa ukuthayipha kwegazi kuphelile, uhlobo lwakho lwegazi luya kunikwa. Ukuthayipha ngegazi yinkqubo eyenziwa ukujonga uhlobo lwakho lwegazi. Igazi lakho liya kulahlelwa kwelinye lamagatya amane, A, B, AB okanye O.
Ukongeza kwimihlobo yegazi, iR Rh yakho iya kukwaziswa ngexesha lokuthayipha igazi. Iingqinisiso zeR Rh zichongiwe zichanekile okanye zibi, ngoko ke ukuba uhlobo lwegazi, unokuba ngu-A + okanye A-. Ukuba u-Rh ulungile, unokufumana igazi elihle nelibi. Ukuba ungekho nto, unokufumana kuphela igazi elingenayo igazi.
I-Rh engahambelaniyo phakathi kwesibonelelo kunye nesigxina sokumpontshelwa igazi igwenywa ngokuthayipha igazi, kodwa ngezinye iimeko, oomama abalindayo banokuhlangabezana no-Rh ukungahambelani. Oku kwenzekayo xa uyise womntwana enguRh +, umntwana engumntwana nguRha + kwaye unina nguRh-. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, oku kungakhokelela ekufeni komntwana, nangona kunjalo, phantse onke amacala okungahambelani ngoku aphathwa ngamagciwane e-RhoGAMM.
Abaxhasi Bemihlaba Yonke kunye Nabamkeli Bemihlaba Yonke
Umnikeli wendawo yonke ngumntu onomdla wegazi onokunikezelwa nasiphi na isigulane ngaphandle kokuwunqanda ngenxa yee-antigens ezingahambelaniyo. Ukongezelela ekubeni ngumnikeli wegazi jikelele, abaxhamli behlabathi kunye nabo banikela ngemibutho yonke.
Ummkeli wendawo yonke ngumntu onomdla wegazi owamvumela ukuba athabathe igazi kuye nawuphi na uhlobo lwegazi, ngaphandle kokufumana impendulo ebangelwa ngama-antigens. Bayakwamkela kwakhona ukufakelwa komzimba kumntu kunye naluphi na uhlobo lwegazi.
Ukulungeleka Ukunikezela Igazi
Igazi elixhaswe lihlala lifunwa kwaye kugcinwa ukubonelela ngokwaneleyo kuxhomekeke kububele bentlalo. Umntu oyedwa oqala ukunikela kwiminyaka yabo yobutsha anganikela ngaphezu kwamagoloni angama-40 egazi lokulondoloza ubomi ebomini babo, nto ibaluleke ngakumbi xa ubona ukuba umntu osisichengeni sokuxhatshazwa angasigxina ngamacandelo amane okanye ngaphezulu kwegazi.
Ukuze unikele ngegazi, kufuneka ube nempilweni, ubuncinane ubuneminyaka eyi-17 ubudala kwaye ungalinganisanga ngaphantsi kwama-pounds ayi-110. Ukongeza kwimiqathango emincinci, i-American Red Cross igcina uluhlu lokufaneleka (imiqathango kunye nembali yoluntu enokuthintela umnikelo).
Musa ukuxhalaba ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ufanelekile njengomnikeli, umongikazi kwisikhululo seminikelo yegazi uya kuxubusha ukufaneleka kunye nawe kwaye unokukunceda ukuba ubone ukuba unako ukuba ngumnikeli.
Imiqathango ekhusela i-Blood Donation
- HIV
- I-hepatitis
- Ukukhulelwa
- Isifo sofuba
- Fever
- Usulelo olukhuselekileyo
- Uhambo oluya kumazwe unokungena kwi-malaria kunye nezinye izifo
- Cancer
I-CDC isanda kutshintshwa imigaqo yabo malunga nokunikela ngegazi ngamadoda angama-gay. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, amadoda angama-gay ayebhekwa njengengozi enkulu kwaye abavunyelwe ukunikela ngegazi kuluntu jikelele. Oku akuselona iqiniso.
Imithombo
Ingozi eqhubekayo yokuThatshulwa-Izifo ezithathelwanayo. UMnu Blajchman, uC. Vamvakas, uN Engl J Med 2006.
Ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo. I-American Red Cross.
Iingozi ezihambelana nokuTshintshiselwa. IiNkonzo zeMigudu yeZizwe.