Ukuguqulwa kweGazi kunye neSifo seSille

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cell cell ebomvu yonyango olude kwi- sickle cell disease (SCD) . Ngokufanayo nezinye iindlela zonyango, ukumpontshelwa igazi kunomngcipheko kunye nezibonelelo ngoko kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kutheni ukunyelwa igazi kukhuthazelwe wena okanye wakho othandekayo nge- SCD . Masihlole ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo apha.

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Stroke

Ukuchithwa ngokuqinisekileyo kwesifo somhlaza kwisifo segulane sesigulane kuyimfomfele ebomvu yegazi. Ukunyangwa kwe-stroke kule meko kudinga ukuxilongwa okhethekileyo okubizwa ngokuba yi-transfusion transfusion okanye i-erythrocytapresis. Kule nkqubo, igazi liya kususwa kwisigulane sibe ngumatshini ozahlula iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kwiiplatelet, iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye ne-plasma. Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ziya kulahlwa kwaye zonke izinto ziya kunikwa kwakhona kunye ziya kufumana iindili zegazi ezibomvu. Injongo yale nyango kukunciphisa ipesenti ye-hemoglobin yengqolowa ukusuka kuma-95% ukuya kuma-30 ekhulwini.

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Ukuhlinzwa

Izigulane ezine-SCD ziyingxaki enkulu yokuxilongwa kweengxaki ezibandakanya ubuhlungu beentlungu kunye nesifo se-chest syndrome. Umngcipheko walezi ngxaki uncitshiswa nge-transfusion ngaphantsi kweveki enye ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Isiphakamiso esiqhelekileyo kukuzisa i-hemoglobin ukuya kwi-10 g / dL. Oku kuya kuphunyezwa nge-transfusion elula kodwa ezinye izigulane ezine-hemoglobins ezisezantsi zifuna ukuba zitshintshe utshintsho njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla. Isidingo sokumpontshelwa kwegazi sigqitywa ngumlinganiselo we-cellle graver, i-hemoglobin yesiseko, kunye nomngcipheko wokuhlinzwa. Ezinye izigulane ezichaphazelekayo zingenakudinga ukunyuswa kwegazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Oku kuya kuxoxwa ngayo nomnikezeli wakho wenkonzo yezempilo yengane.

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I-Acute Chest Syndrome

I-syndrome yesifuba esisisigxina yinkxalabo ekhethekileyo efumaneka kwi-SCD. Kukho izimbangela ezininzi zesifo se-chest syndrome eziquka izifo ezithintekayo ezifana ne-pneumonia. Ukutshintshwa ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ukuba isigulane sidinga i-oksijeni okanye ukuba i-hemoglobin iyaphantsi kuneqhelekileyo. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunokuthintela ukuqhubela phambili kwezinye izigulane. Ukuba i-syndrome yesifuba esomeleleyo iba yingozi, idinga unyango olunzulu lweyunithi (ICU), ukunyuswa kwamashishini kunconywa ngeenjongo ezifanayo njengengozi ephazamisayo.

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Inkcazo yeAplastic Crisis

Inkathazo ye-aplastiki yexesha elifutshane ibangelwa ukusuleleka nge-parvovirus B19 (ifom yomntu, kungekhona inja enye). I-Parvovirus yimbangela yokusuleleka kwabantwana okubizwa ngokuba ngu-Fifth Disease. I-Parvovirus ikhusela umongo wethambo ekwenzeni amatsha eebomvu amatsha kwiintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwe-10 ezingabangela i-anemia enamandla kubantu abane-SCD. Le netyhefu enamandla ingadinga ukuxilongwa kuze kube yinto ebuyiswa ngayo imveliso yomnatha wethambo. Izigulane zesifo se-hemoglobin SC okanye i-sickle beta kunye ne-thalassemia ayinakufuna ukumpontshelwa njengoko i-hemoglobin yabo yesiseko iphezulu kune-hemoglobin SS.

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Ukutyunjwa kweSpenic

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-splenic ngumcimbi apho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu agqityiweyo abanjwe ngepeni kwaye akakwazi ukuphuma. Oku kuqhelekileyo kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. I-spleen ikwandisa ngobungakanani ukulungiselela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kwaye oku kungenza i-anemia ephezulu. I-IV yamanzi kunye nokuxilongwa kubonakala kubangela ukuba i-spleen ikhulule iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Xa istile likhupha iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, zibuyela kwimida yokubuyisa i-hemoglobin ukuya kwisiseko.

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Ukuthintela iStroke

Kwizigulane eziye zafumana uhlangothi okanye izigulane ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa (njengokuba zichongiweyo kwi-transcranial doppler, i-TCD), kunconywa inkqubo ephambili yokumpontshelwa igazi. Izilingo zophando lwezonyango zibonise ukuba ukuxilongwa rhoqo ngenyanga kunokuthintela imivimbo ephindaphindiweyo okanye kuyo yonke into eyenziwa kwizigulane eziphezulu. Ezi transfusi ziphinda zinciphise ipesenti ye-hemoglobin yengqolowa ejikelezayo, ukuthintela ezinye iziganeko.

> Imithombo:

> Intliziyo yeSizwe, iLung, neSigqeba seGazi. Ulawulo olusekelwe kuBungqina beSifo seSille kwiNgxelo yePhaneli, ngo-2014.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwegazi Ngaba yinyango ngokuqhelekileyo kwisifo seSille

Kukho izinto ezininzi eziya kwisigqibo sokunikezelwa ngegazi kwaye olu luhlu alufihla zonke izibonakaliso. Ukumpontshelwa igazi akusetyenziswanga ukunyanga i-anemia ephantsi ebonwe kwi-SCD njengoko ngokuqhelekileyo ibekezelela. I-Hydroxyurea, imithi yomlomo, ilungele ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa i-anemia. Njengazo zonke iipilisi, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngengozi kunye neenzuzo zonyango kunye nodokotela wakho.