Izinto Ezifanele Uzazi Ngayo Ngokugula Ngesifo seSeli

Isifo sesisifo se-Sickle yindlela ezuze ilifa le- anemia apho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ahlala ngokude kwaye ekhomba, afana nesimo sebhanana. Ichaphazela abantu abayi-100,000 e-United States kunye nezigidi emhlabeni jikelele. E-US kwenzeka kwi-365 kwi-365 yokuzalwa yaseMerika-yaseMelika kunye neenqabileyo ezininzi zokuzalwa kwabantu baseSpain-American. Nangona isifo segciwane lesigulane asiyona imeko engavumelekanga kakhulu, kukho iinyani ezincinci eziyaziwayo kunye neengcamango ezingalunganga wonke umntu omele azi.

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Iyakwazi ukufumana nayiphi na iNcintiswano okanye iQela leSizwe

Nangona isifo segciwane lesigulane sele sidibene nabantu besizwe saseAfrika, sinokufumaneka kwiintlanga ezininzi kunye neentlanga, kuquka iSpeyin, iBrazil, Indiya kunye neCaucasian. Ngenxa yeli qiniso, zonke iintsana ezizalwe e-United States zivavanywa kule meko.

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Izifo ezifa

Isifo sesifo se-Sickle asixhatshazelanga njengobanda. Abantu bazalwa nabo okanye bengabikho. Ukuba uzalwe ngesifo segciwane lesigulane bobabini bakho abazali banomdla wesilwane (okanye umzali omnye onomzila wesigxina kunye nomnye umgangatho we-hemoglobin). Abantu abanengxaki yeselenki yegulane abanakukwazi ukuhlakulela isifo segciwane lesifo.

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Uchongwa ngo kuzalwa

EUnited States, wonke umntwana uvavanyelwa isifo sesangqa sesilwane. Le nxalenye yeskrini esandula kuzalwa esenziwa emva nje kokuzalwa. Abanye abantu banokubhekisela kule nto njengoluvavanyo lwePKU. Ukuchonga abantwana abanezifo zesifo segulane kwasebuntwaneni kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinzulu.

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Ukuqhagamshelana phakathi kweSickle Cell Trait kunye neMalaria

Abantu abanomlinganiselo wesitragi wegulane banokufunyanwa kakhulu kwiindawo zehlabathi ezine-malariya. Oku kungenxa yokuba umzila weselula wegilana unokukhusela umntu ukuba ahlaselwe yi-malaria. Oku akuthethi ukuba umntu onentsholongwane yegulane ayikwazi ukusuleleka ngentsholongwane ka-malariya, kodwa ayiqhelekanga kunomntu ongenawo umgca we-cellle.

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Azikho iindidi ezenziwe ngokulinganayo

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo segciwane lesigulo esahlukileyo. I-Hemoglobin SS (kunye nohlobo oluqhelekileyo) kunye ne-beta yegaleji yinto ephezulu kakhulu elandelwa yi-hemoglobin SC kunye ne-bagle beta kunye ne-thalassemia.

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Okungekho Nje Ubuhlungu Nje

Kukho okunye okuninzi kwisifo segciwane lesigane kunezibuhlungu ezibuhlungu. Isifo sesisifo se-Sickle sisifo seeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezinika i-oxygen kuzo zonke iziko. Ngenxa yokuba isifo segciwane lesigane senziwa egazini, zonke iziko emzimbeni zinokuchaphazeleka. Izigulane ezine-SCD zisengozini yokushaya isifo, isifo seso, i-gallstones, izifo ezibangelwa yi-bacterial infections, kunye ne-anemia, ukubiza ngambalwa.

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Abantwana abasengozini yokubethelwa kwesisu

Nangona bonke abantu abanegciwane lesifo segulane basengozini yokubetha, abantwana abanegciwane lesigulane banomngcipheko omkhulu kunabantwana abangenayo isifo segciwane lesigane. Ngenxa yalo mngcipheko, oogqirha abaphatha abantwana abanegciwane lesigulane segulane basebenzisa i-ultrasound yengqondo ukuba baqaphele kwaye banqume ukuba ubani ophezulu mngcipheko wokubetha kwaye uqale unyango ukukhusela le ngxaki.

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Iintsholongwane ezilula zoLutsha lweeNtsholongwane

I-antiictic penicillin iyakusindisa ubomi. Abantu abaneesifo segulane yesigulane banomngcipheko ophezulu wokusuleleka kubangelwa yi-bacteria. Ukuqala i-penicillin kabini ngemini kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala yobomi ishintshile inkqubo yesi sifo kwinto ebonakalayo kubantwana kwimeko abantu abahlala kuyo nabantu abadala.

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Unyango lukhoyo

Kukho ngaphezu kweempawu zonyango zokuphatha isifo segciwane lesifo. Namhlanje, ukumpontshelwa igazi kunye neyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi- hydroxyurea litshintshe ubomi babantu abanesitya segulane. Ezi zonyango zivumela abantu abanegciwane lesigulo sesigulo ukuba baphile ubomi obude kunye neengxaki ezimbalwa. Izifundo ezininzi zophando ziyaqhubeka ukufumana iinketho ezongezelelweyo zonyango.

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Kukho Unyango

Umnkantso we-Bone (obizwa ngokuba yi-stem cell) ukutshintshwa kwegazi kuphela yonyango. Impumelelo engcono ivela kubaxhasi abantakwabo abanokwenziwa kofuzo olufana nomntu onesifo segciwane lesigulo. Ngamanye amaxesha iintlobo zabanikeli, njengabantu abangabandakanyekanga okanye abazali, zisetyenzisiwe kodwa ikakhulukazi kwizifundo zophando lwekliniki. Kwiminyaka ezayo, unyango lwe-gene lubukeka lunonyango oluthembisa.

Ukuba wena okanye ilungu lakho losapho unesifo segciwane lesigulane, kubalulekile ukuba ulandelelwe rhoqo ngugqirha ukuqinisekisa ukuba usesikweni unonophelo.

> Umthombo:
I-Heart Heart, i-Lung, ne-Blood Institute. Ulawulo olusekelwe kuBungqina beSifo seSille kwiNgxelo yePhaneli, ngo-2014.