Kwi- antiem cell anemia , okwangoku isilungiso esilungileyo esinokukuthintela iingxaki sibizwa ngokuba yi-hydroxyurea, ngamanye amaxesha isicatshulwa i-HU. I-Hydroxyurea yaqala ukuphuhliswa njengemithi ye-chemotherapy kuma-1960. Yayisetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zeemeko ezimbi ekuqaleni, kodwa isetyenziswe kwisigulo sesigulane se-sickle ngoku ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-25. I-Hydroxyurea yiyo kuphela i-FDA (Ukutya kunye noLawulo lweeDrug) avunywe ngamachiza ukuba aphathe i-anemia ye-sickle cell.
I-Hydroxyurea isebenza njani kwiSickle Cell Anemia?
Kwi-anemia yeselenga yesigane, i-hydroxyurea inceda umzimba uvelise i-hemoglobin engaphezulu (Hb F). Le hemoglobin efumaneka kwiintsana ezisandula. Iintsana ezisandul 'usana ezinezifo zesifo segulane asinayo ingxaki ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zobomi kuba i-fetal hemoglobin ikhusela iseli elibomvu kwigazi. Olu konyuka kwi-fetal hemoglobin luza ukugcina isalathisi segazi elibomvu ngokujikeleza. La maseli egazi abomvu ajikelezayo akwazi ukugeleza ngeemithambo zegazi ngokufanelekileyo.
Ziziphi iingenelo zonyango lweHyroxyurea?
Kwiinkalo ezininzi kubantwana kunye nabadala abane-anemia ye-sickle cell, ukwelashwa kwe-hydroxyurea kuye kwahlanganiswa neengxaki ezimbalwa ezibuhlungu, iziganeko ezincinci zesifo se-chest (iingxaki zengxubevange), ukunciphisa isidingo sokumpontshelwa igazi kunye nokunciphisa isidingo sokubhedlelelwa esibhedlele. I-Hydroxyurea iyakwandisa i-hemoglobin yakho, okwenza ube negalelo elincinci.
Ukongezelela, unyango lwe-hydroxyurea ludibaniswe nokulinda ixesha elide kubantu abadala abane-anemia ye-sickle cell.
Imiphumela
Ngokusekelwe kumayeza asetyenziswa kwi-anemia yesalente yesalente, iziphumo zecala zibuhlungu. Ukulahleka kweenwele, izilonda zomlomo, kunye nobungozi obuninzi bentsholongwane echaphazelekayo kunye ne-chemotherapy abonwabi.
I-Hydroxyurea inokunciphisa i-white blood cell, i-hemoglobin kunye neeplatelet. Ngenxa yempembelelo yangasecaleni, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga amanqaku akho ngokuthe ngqo kunye nebala elipheleleyo legazi kunye nombolo ye-reticulocyte. Ngezinye izihlandlo, ubuhlungu besisu buyabonakala kodwa oku kudla ngokulula kunye nokuzinza ngaphandle kokungenelela. Olunye umphumo wecala lumnyama wezikhonkwane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-melanonichyia. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezininzi izigulane ziyakwazi ukufumana umthamo we-hydroxyurea zingakwazi ukunyamezela ngemiphumo emibini.
Ziziphi iziguli ezifanele ziqwalasele unyango kunye ne-Hydroxyurea?
Ngokutsho kwezona zikhokelo zolawulo lweeseli zesandul 'ukugqibela kwiNational Heart, Lung, kunye neNgcaciso yeGazi (inxalenye yeZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo) elipapashwe ngo-2014, bonke abantwana abane-hemoglobin SS kunye ne-beta ye-beta zero thalassemia kufuneka banikwe unyango lwe-hydroxyurea ukukhusela iingxaki emva kweenyanga ezili-9 ubudala. Kubantu abadala, unyango lwe-hydroxyurea kufuneka lucatshangelwe kwizigulane ezineengxaki ezi-3 okanye ezibuhlungu ngaphezu konyaka, iintlungu eziphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke, imbali yesifo esifubeni se-chest syndrome, okanye i-anemia ephazamisayo ephazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
Ngaba i-Hydroxyurea Yenza I-Cancer?
Ngokomlando, oku kuye kwaxhalabisa kakhulu. Izigulane ezaphathwa nge-hydroxyurea zineemeko ezandise ingozi yokugula (umhlaza) kodwa ngenxa yokuba zaveliswa ngumhlaza ngexesha lokunyanga kwe-hydroxurea kwaxelwa ukuba iyeza.
Esi sifo seselenga segale, impendulo ayikho. Ngokutsho kwiphando eshicilelwe ngo-2014 ekhangele ngqo kwizigulane zesifo segciwane lesangqa, abo bathatha i-hydroxyurea babengabikho mngcipheko womdlavuza xa kuthelekiswa nalabo abangazange bathathe i-hydroxyurea.
Ndiyakuthatha i-Hydroxyurea ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ngeli xesha alikhuthazwa ukuba athathe i-hydroxyurea ngexesha lokukhulelwa. I-Hydroxyurea yinkampu yamayeza D ebonisa ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokukhulisa umntwana. Kukho inani elincinci leemeko zokubika ukukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kubasetyhini abanegciwane lesigulane esesigxina abaqhubekayo ne-hydroxyurea kodwa ulwazi olongezelelweyo lufunekayo.
Ngaba Ndinokuyeka Ukuthatha I-Hydroxyurea?
Hayi, i-hydroxyurea ayiyonyango. Isebenza kuphela xa uyithatha njengoko iyalathwayo. I-Hydroxyurea yinyango engapheliyo yesifo esingapheliyo esifana nemilisi abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu bathatha imihla ngemihla.
> Imithombo:
> Castro O, Nouraie M, Oneal P. Hydroxycarbamide Ukwelashwa kwiSifo seSille Sifo: Iingqinisiso zokufumaneka kwe-Eukaemia Risk kunye ne-Hospitalization Survival Benefit. IBritish Journal yeHematology . 2014; 167: 687-691.
> Ware RE. Indlela endisebenzisa ngayo i-Hydroxyurea Ukuphatha izigulane ezincinci kakhulu. Igazi . 2010; 115 (26): 5300-5311.