I-Hamartomas zixhaphake ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa ukuba ugqirha wakho akuxelela ukuba unalo, unokwesaba. Uninzi lwabantu aluzange luve malunga nalezi zicubu ezinobungozi, kwaye zinokubonakala ngathi zinomdlavuza kwizifundo zengcamango. Yintoni omele uyayiyazi kwaye yiyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?
Sibanzi
I-hamartoma iyisisu esinomdla (esingengomhlaza) esakhiwa ngamancuba "avamile" atholakala kwingingqi apho ikhula khona.
Ngokomzekelo, umphunga (pulmonary) i-hamartoma kukukhula kweethambo ezinomdlavuza ezibandakanya i-fat, izicubu kunye ne-cartilage efumaneka kwimimandla yemiphunga.
Umahluko phakathi kwama-hamartomas kunye nezicubu eziqhelekileyo kukuba i-hamartomas ikhula ngobuninzi obungabonakaliyo. Uninzi lwe-hamartomas lukhula ngokukhawuleza, ngesantya esifana nezicubu eziqhelekileyo. Ziqheleke kakhulu kumadoda kunabasetyhini. Nangona abanye belifa, akukho mntu uyazi ngokuqinisekileyo oko kubangela ukuba ezininzi zezi zikhula zenzeke.
Isiganeko
Abantu abaninzi abazange bave ngeentlobo ze-hamartomas kodwa ezi zicubu eziqhelekileyo. I-hamartomas engumlenze yindlela eqhelekileyo ye-tumor ye-tumor ye-lung, kunye nezixhumbo zesifo se-lung acid ziqhelekile.
Iimpawu
I-Hamartomas ayinakubangela nayiphi na impawu, okanye ingabangela ukungahambi kakuhle ngenxa yengcinezelo kwizitho ezikufuphi kunye nezicubu. Ezi zimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo yendawo ye-hamartoma. Enye yezona "ziimpawu" eziqhelekileyo ukwesaba, njengoko ezi zicubu zibukeka zifana nomhlaza xa zifunyenwe, ngokukodwa kwiimvavanyo zengqondo.
Indawo
I-Hamartomas iyakwenzeka phantse naphi na emzimbeni. Ezinye zeendawo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Imipu: I-pulartary (lung) yam hamartomas yindlela eqhelekileyo yesifo se-tumor yesifo. Zivame ukufunyanwa ngengozi xa i-x-ray esifubeni okanye isifuba i-CT scan isenzelwa esinye isizathu. Ukuba zenzeka kufuphi ne-airway, zingabangela ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa yiphunga le- bronchiectasis .
- Isikhumba: I-Hamartomas iyakwenzeka naphi na elukhumbeni, kodwa ixhaphake ngakumbi ebusweni, emlonyeni nangentamo.
- Intliziyo: Njengokuba isifo senhliziyo esaqhelekileyo kubantwana, i-hamartomas ingabangela iimpawu zentliziyo yokuhluleka.
- I-Hypothalamus: Njengoko i-hypothalamus isendaweni edibeneyo kwingqondo, iimpawu ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwizakhiwo eziseduze ziqhelekile. Ezinye zazo zibandakanya ukukhawuleza, utshintsho lomntu, kunye nokuqala kokuqala kobuntwa kubantwana.
- Iizintso: AmaHamartomas atholakala ngokulandelelanisa kwizifundo zeengcinga zeengtso, kodwa ngezinye izihlandlo zingabangela iimpawu zeengxaki zentsholongwane.
- Ipenethi: I-Hamartomas kwipeni ingabangela intlungu yesisu.
I-Lung (Pulmonary) iHamartomas
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, i-lungart (pulmonary) i-hamartomas yizona zivalo ezixhaphakileyo eziqhelekileyo ezifunyenwe kwimiphunga kwaye zivame ukufunyanwa ngengozi xa iifoto zesifuba senziwa esinye isizathu. Ngokusetyenziswa kokunyuka kwe- CT yokuhlola umhlaza wesifo samaphaphu kubantu abasengozini, mhlawumbi abantu abaninzi baya kufumana i-hamartomas kwixesha elizayo.
Ukuba usandul 'ukuhlola i-CT kwaye ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba unokuba nesifo esibuhlungu njenge-harmartoma, funda malunga nento eyenzekayo xa unesigxina kwi-screening kunye namathuba okuba ngumhlaza.
I-Hamartomas inokuba nzima ukuhlula kwii-cancer kodwa zinempawu ezithile ezibahlukanisa. Inkcazo ye-" popcorn calcification " -ukubonisa imifanekiso ebonakala ngathi i-popcorn kwi-CT scan-phantse i-diagnostic. Ukubalwa (idizithi ye-calcium ebonakala emhlophe kwi-x-ray izifundo) ziqhelekileyo. i-ray-ray, ayiqhelekanga. Ininzi yalezi zicubu zingaphantsi kweekhilomitha ezine.
Ngaba Lo Mzimba Ungasasazeka?
Ngokungafani nezihlamba ezibi (umdlavuza), i-hamartomas ayidluliyo kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Oko kwathiwa, kuxhomekeka kwindawo yabo, bangenza umonakalo ngokubeka uxinzelelo kwizakhiwo ezikufuphi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abantu abanesifo seCowden (isifo apho abantu banama-hamartomas amaninzi) banakho amathuba okuphucula i-cancer, ingakumbi yebele kunye ne-thyroid. Ngoko nangona i-hamartomas ibenobungozi, ugqirha wakho angathanda ukwenza uvavanyo olunzulu kunye nokufunda okucinga ukuba ulawule ubukho bomhlaza.
Izizathu
Akukho mntu oqinisekileyo oko kubangela i-hamartomas, nangona zixhaphake kubantu abanezifo ezinjengezityalo ezifana nesifo sikaCowden.
IiHamartomas kunye neCowden Syndrome
I-Hamartomas ihlala ikhona njengenxalenye yesifo esiyifa esibizwa ngokuba yisifo sikaCowden. Isifo sikaCowden sisoloko sibangelwa yi- autosomal change genetic mutation , oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba uyihlo okanye unina uzuze iinguqulelo, ithuba lokuba uya kuba nalo liphakathi kwama-50 ekhulwini. Ukongeza kwii-hamartomas ezininzi (ezihambelana nefom ye-PTEN gene mutation), abantu abane-syndrome bavame ukuvelisa umdlavuza webele, i-thyroid ne-uterus, ngokuqhelekileyo beqala kwiminyaka yabo-30 nangama-40.
Uncedo lwe-Syndromes olunjenge-Cowden's syndrome uncedo luchaza ukuba kutheni ugqirha wakho kufuneka abe nembali epheleleyo yeyiphi na i-cancer (okanye ezinye iimeko) ezisebenza kwiintsapho zakho . Ngama-syndromes afana nalawa, kungekhona bonke abantu baya kuba nohlobo olulodwa lomhlaza, kodwa udibaniso lweentlobo ezithile zesifo somhlaza unokwenzeka.
Unyango
Izinyango zokwelapha ze-hamartoma ziya kuxhomekeka ngokubanzi kwindawo yesikhumba kunye nokuba kungenjalo kubangelwa impawu. Ukuba i-hamartomas ayibangeli iimpawu, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma ukuba i-tumor ishiywe yedwa kwaye igcinwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuhlinzwa
Kuye kubekho ingxoxo eninzi malunga nokuba i-hamartomas imele igcinwe okanye isuswe. Ukuphononongwa kovavanyo lwe-2015 uzame ukucacisa le ngxaki ngokulinganisa umngcipheko wokufa kunye neengxaki ngenxa yokuhlinzwa ngengozi yokuphindaphinda kwesisu. Isiphetho kukuba ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokuhlanganiswa kweengcamango zengcamango kunye ne- biopsy ephilileyo nenaliti kwaye ukuba ukuhlinzwa kufuneka kugcinwe kubantu abaneempawu ngenxa yesisu sabo okanye abantu abasengabaza ukungaqiniseki malunga nokuxilongwa.
Iinkqubo, xa kudingeke ukuba i-hamartomas yamaphammatha ibandakanye i- wedge resection (ukususwa kwe-tumor kunye nesigaba esenziwe ngombumba wesisundu esijikeleze isisu), i- lobectomy (ukususwa kwesinye se-lobes yomphunga), okanye i- pneumonectomy (ukususwa komphunga)
Imibuzo Yokubuza Ugqirha Wakho
Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba une-hamartoma, yiyiphi imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza ugqirha wakho? Imizekelo ibandakanya:
- Ngaba i-hamartoma yam iya kufuneka isuswe (umzekelo, ngaba iya kubangela nayiphi na ingxaki xa ishiywe endaweni)?
- Ziziphi iimpawu endingazilindela ukuba zikhula?
- Uluphi uhlobo lwenkqubo ocebisayo ukususa i-tumor?
- Ngaba ndiza kufuna nayiphi na i-future follow-up kwixesha elizayo?
- Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ndinokuguquka kwemfuyo eyenza i-tumor yami, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ngaba kukho ukulandelelana okhethekileyo kufuneka ndibe nayo, njengamanye amaninzi amaninzi? Ngaba unokucebisa ukululekwa nge-genetic? Ukuba ucinga ngokuvavanya i-genetic yomhlaza kunceda gqitha ukuba uqeqesho lwezofuzo kuqala. Ungathanda ukuzibuza, "Ndingathini na ukuba ndifumanisa ukuba ndisemngciphekweni womhlaza?"
Ezinye iiNodules zeLung
Ukongeza kwii-hamartomas, kukho ezinye iindidi zeentlobo zamanzi ezinamaqanda .
Okukwintsusa
I-Hamartomas i-tumorous (non-cancerous) ezihlambulukileyo ezingenakusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha basala bodwa, kodwa ukuba babangela iimpawu ngenxa yendawo yabo, okanye ukuba ukuxilongwa akuqinisekanga, utyando olusususayo lungasuswa.
Kwabanye abantu, i-hamartoma ingaba ngumqondiso wokuguquka kwezityalo ezingakhuphula umngcipheko wezinye iintsholongwane ezifana nomhlaza wesifuba nomhlaza we-thyroid. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga naluphi na uvavanyo oluthile olufunekayo ukuba lunjalo ukuba kunjalo. Ukunxibelelana nomcebisi wezofuzo kungaphakanyiswa.
> Imithombo:
> Edey, A., noDan Hansell. Kufunyenwe ngokukhawuleza iifothula zamancinci ezincinci kwi-CT. Radiyoology Clinic . 2009. 64 (9): 872-84.
> Elsayed, H., Abdel Hady, S., no-S. Elbastawisy. Ngaba ukuxhomekeka kuyimfuneko kwi-Biopsy-Provened Asymptomatic Pulmonary Hamartomas? . I-Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery . 2015. 21 (6): 773-6.
> Farooq, A. et al. I-Cowden syndrome. Uphononongo lweZonyango . 2010. 36 (8): 577-83.
> Saqi, A. et al. Impembelelo kunye neenkalo ze-cytological ze-hamartomas zepmonomali ezingaphelelwanga kwi-CT scan. I-Cytopathology . 2008. 19 (3): 185-191.
> Ilayibrari yeSizwe ka-US yamayeza. Cowden Syndrome. 08/22/17. https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/cowden-syndrome