Izimpawu zesifo somhlaza we-pancreatic zingabandakanya i-jaundice, intlungu kwisisu esasentla esisuka emva, ukuqala okungalindelekanga kwesifo sikashukela, isilonda esinzima kwisisu esisentla, kunye neempawu ezingezizo ezifana nesisonguluko, ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukulahleka nesidlo, kwaye ngezinye iinkxwaleko. Ngelishwa, iimpawu zokuqala ziqhelekanga kwaye zingekho mpela, zibonakaliswe zizibonakaliso ezibonakalayo-ezinokuthi zenze ukuba umntu afune ukuhlolwa kobugcisa-kaninzi ehlulekayo ade eso sifo sisezigaba eziphambili.
Iimpawu Zamaxesha amaninzi
Kukho inani leempawu ezinxulumene nomdlavuza we-pancreatic, nangona uninzi lwezi zivame ukubangelwa zizimo ezinzulu. Ezi zibonakaliso ezilumkiso ziyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza ukhona entloko yepakreta okanye umzimba womzimba nomsila.
I-Jaundice engenasiphelo (ngakumbi i-Urine kunye ne-Stool Changes and Itching)
I-jaundice , i-yellowing discoloration yesikhumba kunye nabamhlophe bamehlo, ngumqathango obangelwa ukwakhiwa kwe-bilirubin elukhumbeni kwaye ukhona malunga neepesenti ezingama-30 zabantu ngexesha lokuxilongwa. I-Bilirubin ingakwazi ukuqokelela xa isifo se-pancreatic sitshintshile okanye sivale ngokupheleleyo i-buct ye-bison ejwayelekile (i-duct eyenza i-bile kwisibindi ukuya emathunjini amancinci) kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kunye neentsholongwane kwi-pancreas. Ngomdlavuza we-pancreatic, i-jaundice ayisoloko ibuhlungu, ngokungafani nezinye iimbangela ze-jaundice (ezinjenge- hepatitis okanye i- gallstones ) ezidla rhoqo ziintlungu.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-bilirubin kunokubangela ukuba izithambiso zibe zibala kunye nodongwe-njengaye, kunye nokugqithisa umchamo (i-cola color). Izitshixo zingabakho novalo oluqinileyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuphosakela kwimeko yesikhumba, isikhumba esiqhekezayo (esoloko sinzima kakhulu) kubangelwa ngokukwakhiwa kwezetyu ze-bile esikhumbeni.
I-jaundice ingabonakalisa uphawu lokuqala lweengqungquthela ze-pancreatic kwi-pancreas ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-bile duct, kodwa inokuthi zenzeke kunye neentsholongwane ezinkulu kumsila okanye emzimbeni we-pancreas, okanye ukuba la maqhekeza angasasazeka esibindi (isibindi semastastases ).
Ubumzimba kunye ne-Back Pain
Ubuhlungu phakathi, isisu esisemgangathweni esiya kumqolo sisibonakaliso esifanayo somdlavuza we-pancreatic, sikhona malunga neepesenti ezingama-70 zabantu ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Ixhaphake kakhulu kwiimvumi emsila wepascreas. Ezi ntlungu zidla ngokugqithisa iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezine emva kokutya okanye xa zilele phantsi. Ngokwahlukileyo, intlungu ihlala iyancipha xa umntu ehlala phezulu kwaye emela phambili.
Uhudo
I-diarrhea ingenzeka ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kakubi emathunjini anxulumene nokungabikho kwamanzyme e-pancreatic anceda ukutya ukutya. I-diarrhea ngamanye amaxesha impawu zokuqala zomdlavuza we-pancreatic. Izitofu zinokuba nefuthe elicocekileyo, zibonakala ziqhenqile okanye zi-greasy, kunye ne-float, ngamanye amaxesha zenza kube nzima ukutshiza.
Isihlunu kunye nokuvuthwa
Isibilini kunye nokuhlanza akuqhelekanga kubantu abanomdlavuza we-pancreatic, nangona bahlala bengaphathwa kakubi kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo. Ukuhlanza okunzulu kunokuba ngumqondiso wesithintelo kwingxenyana engezantsi yesisu (isisu esiswini) okanye inxalenye engaphezulu yamathumbu amancinci (duodenum) obangelwa ngumxinzelelo wesisu.
Ukungafihleki komzimba
Ngokukhawuleza kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esinqabileyo kudla ngokubonisa ukuba into ephosakeleyo. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingenalutho , kunye nokunciphisa isidlo, sinokuba yinye yeempawu zokuqala zomhlaza womhlaza.
Abanye abantu banokubona ukuba baziva ngokukhawuleza, nangona besidla isidlo esincinci.
Ukuxilongwa okungalindelekanga kwesifo sikashukela
Ukuqala okungalindelekanga kohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela (ezifana nokuxilongwa komntu ongenayo ingozi , njengokugqithisa umzimba) kumntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwe-45 unokuba ngumqondiso wesifo somhlaza we-pancreatic. Iyenzeka xa i-pancreas ayikwazi ukuvelisa i-insulin eyaneleyo ngenxa yobunzima be-tumor.
Iingubo zegazi
Amacwecwe egazi kunye nomhlaza angakwazi ukuhamba ngesandla, ngamanye amaxesha i-clot yegazi iyona mqondiso wokuqala wesifo. Ngomdlavuza we-pancreatic, ama-clots egazi angenzeka kwiindawo ezininzi emzimbeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (thrombophlebitis ehambahambayo).
Amaqhekeza egazi aphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo afanele uvavanyo.
IMisa yoMzimba
Abanye abantu banokwazi ukubona ubunzima obunzima kwisisu esisentla-oko ngokwenene i-gallbladder. Ukudibanisa kwe-gallbladder engakwazi ukuvakalelwa kunye ne-jaundice (ukuba i-gallstones okanye i-gallbladder infection ayifumanekanga) isaziwa njengeCosavoer. Esi sibonakaliso esinamandla kakhulu ukuba umdlavuza we-pancreatic ukhona.
Ukuxinezeleka
Ngokuqinisekileyo akuyi kumangaliswa ukuba udandatheke emva kokuba ufunde unomdlavuza we-pancreatic, kodwa sifunda ukuba ukudakumba ngamanye amaxesha kuyimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza. Ekubeni ixinzelelo ludla luqala phambi kokuxilongwa, kucingelwa ukuba utshintsho lwezinto eziphilayo ezihambisana nomhlaza yiyona nto ibalulekileyo, kunokusabela ekufundeni ngesifo. Ngokwe-2017 ukuphononongwa kwezifundo, ukuqala kokudandatheka ngaphambi kokuxilongwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic kuninzi kakhulu kunezinye iidlers.
Iimpawu ezingavamile
Iimpawu ezingavamile, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza we-pancreatic, zivame ukufumaneka xa umhlaza uphuthukile. Ezi ziquka:
I-Lymph Node ephakamileyo ngaphezu kweCollarbone
I-lymph node eyandisiweyo (evuthayo) engathi ingabonwa nje ngaphezu kweklabhula kwicala lasekhohlo (i-node supraclavicular). Oku kubhekiselwa kwimpilo njengeNode yeVerchow.
IMisa kwiBelly Button
Ingqungquthela okanye ubunzima obonakala kwiqhosha lomzimba (umbilicus) aluqhelekanga kwaye ubizwa ngokuba nguDade uMary Joseph.
Syndromes Paraneoplastic
I-Paraneoplastic syndromes ziyiqela leempawu ezihambelana nama-hormone okanye ezinye izinto ezifihliwe ngamaseli omhlaza. Enye yezi syndromes ezingabonwa ngumhlaza we-pancreatic ziquka ukudibanisa kweentlanzi zamathambo (ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezinamafutha phantsi kwesikhumba), izilwanyana ezivuthayo (i-arthritis), kunye nenani elongeziweyo lohlobo lwegazi elimhlophe elibizwa ngokuba eosinophil .
Iingxowankulu zePancreatic Tumors
Uninzi lweengcambu ze-pancreatic zenzeka kwiiseli ze-exocrine, ezenza i-enzymes ephakreti eyanceda ekutyeni. Ezi zenzeke kwiiseli ze-endocrine (iiseli ezenza i-hormone) ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kungekho rhoqo, zikhupha i-hormone ezivelisa iimpawu. Uninzi lwama-tumors "angama-neuroendocrine" angakhokelela ekulahlekeni kwesisindo. Ezinye zazo zibandakanya:
Insulinomas
I-insulinomas ibeka i- insulin ekhokelela kwi-sugar sugar ephantsi (i- hypoglycemia ). Iimpawu ziyi-sugar bass, efana nokukhwabanisa, ukujuluka, ukuxhalaba, kunye nokukhawuleza kwenhliziyo.
Glucagonomas
I-Glucagonomas idibanisa i-glucagon, ihomoni eyandisa ushukela wegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela isifo sikashukela, kunye neempawu zokomeleza ukoma, ukuvuthwa rhoqo, kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo. Zingabangela ukuba isifo sohudo kunye nokunqongophala kwesondlo kubangelwa intlungu nangomlomo.
Gastrinomas
I-Gastrinomas iyakhupha i-gastrin, ihommoni engakhokelela ekululeni kwezilonda zesisu (i- peptic ulcer disease ), i-acid reflux, kunye neentlungu zesisu.
Somatostatinomas
I-Somatostatinomas iimvumi ezithi zifake i-somatostatin, i-hormone evukela ekukhutsheni amanye ama-hormone. Iimpawu zingabandakanya uhudo, isisu esiswini, izithambiso ezipholileyo, iimpawu zesifo sikashukela, kunye ne-jaundice.
VIPomas
I-VIPomas idla ngokufihla i-peptide yamathumbu e-vasoactive (VIP), ekhokelela ekurhoxeni (ngokuqhelekileyo kunamanzi kunye nokumangalisayo), isicathulo, ukuhlanza, isisu kunye nesantya, kunye nokutshiza ubuso kunye nentamo.
Iingxaki
Umdlavuza wePancreatic ungakhokelela kwiimeko ezininzi, kubandakanywa uxinzelelo kwizakhiwo ezikufuphi, ukungabikho kwezizinto eziveliswa ngamaqhekeza aqhelekileyo, i-metabolism yomhlaza ngokwawo, okanye ukusasazeka (i-metastases) kwi-tumor.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka zingabandakanya:
Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwePancreatic
Amanxantana angama-Pancreatic amaninzi atholakala kwiiseli (iiseli ze-exocrine) ezenza i-enzyme ye-pancreatic. I-pancreas ngokuqhelekileyo ivelisa iikomityhi ezisibhozo zee-enzyme imihla ngemihla, ezonakalisa i-acid esiswini kunye nokunceda ekuphukeni kwamafutha, amaprotheni kunye ne-carbohydrates. Xa i-tumor ithatha phezu kwezi iiseli, ukungabikho kwee-enzymes kunokubangela ukuba i-malabsorption, isisu esiswini kunye nokungondleki, kwanokutya okuqhelekileyo. Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwePancreatic kwenzeka kuma-80 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-90 ekhulwini abantu abanomdlavuza we-pancreatic kwaye baphathwa nge- pancreatic enzyme esikhundleni .
Ukukhutshwa kweDuct Duct
Ukuqandwa kwe-buct ye-bison eqhelekileyo yinkxalabo eqhelekileyo yomdlavuza we-pancreatic kwaye ingaba khona ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Nangona ukuhlinzwa kungenakwenzeka, i-stent ingafakwa kwi- endoscopy , inkqubo equka ukungenisa ityhubhu emlonyeni nokuyixubungela phantsi kunye ne-buct ejwayelekile.
Isisu okanye Ukunyanzelwa Kwamathambo Amancinci
Ukukhutshwa (okubangelwa yi-tumor ekhulayo ingenzeka kwindawo apho iziqulatho zesisu ziya kudlula emathunjini amancinci (isisu esiswini) okanye kwinxalenye yokuqala yesisu esincinci (i-duodenum). zinokufakwa ukugcina ezi ndawo zivulekile, okanye endaweni yoko, utyando lunokwenzelwa ukugqithisa umqobo.
Sikashukela
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, ukuqala ngokukhawuleza nokungalindelekanga kwesifo sikashukela kunokushumayela ubukho bemhlaza yomdlavuza. Nangona kungabikho ngexesha lokuxilongwa, malunga nama-85 ekhulwini abantu abanesi sifo baya kuhlakulela ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin okanye isifo sikashukela ngexesha elithile.
Cachexia
I-cachexia yomhlaza , eyaziwa ngokuba ngumhlaza we-anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS), isifo esibandakanya ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukulahleka kwemisipha kunye nokulahleka kwesidlo, nangona kungenokwenzeka ukuba kuqalwe nangaphambi kokulahleka komzimba. Kucingelwa ukuba ikhona kuma-80 ekhulwini abantu abanomdlavuza we-pancreatic ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
I-Cachexia ingabangela isizathu sokufa kwabantu abangama-20 ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza. Ukongeza kwi-cachexia "yesiqhelo", nangona kunjalo, ukungabikho kwee-enzyme ze-pancreatic kunokukhokelela ekungondlekeni nasekulahlekeni komzimba, okwenza le nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukujongana nabani na ofunyanwa ngumhlaza we-pancreatic.
Iingubo zegazi
Njengoko kuphawuliwe, ama-blood clots (i- vein thrombosis ) enzulu edla ngamanye amaxesha aze ahambe emipapeni (i- pulmonary emboli ) ayikho nje inkxalabo yomdlavuza we-pancreatic-ingaba ngumqondiso wokuqala. Zinto eziqhelekileyo kakhulu kunoma yintoni na isifo. Abantu abanomdlavuza we-pancreatic nabo banakho amathuba okuphucula igazi kwi-bloodlineners kunezinye abantu abanezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, ngoko kufuneka unyango lubekwe iliso ngononophelo.
Ubuhlungu
Ubuhlungu obuhlobene nomdlavuza we-pancreatic bunzima kakhulu, kodwa kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula intlungu yomhlaza . Iimpawu ezininzi, iindidi zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zidibeneyo, ezinjengeemithi zentlungu, unyango lwe-radiation kwisisu, kunye ne "bloc celiac," inqubo evimba iziswini kwisisu esisenza izibonakaliso zentlungu ebuchosheni. Ngomngcipheko we-opioid wangoku, kunconywa ukuba abantu abanomdlavuza we-pancreatic baqwalasele ukubonisana kunye nentlungu okanye ingcali yokunyamekela ukunyamekela ukuba bafumane unyango olukhuselekileyo, olwaneleyo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo xa lifuneka.
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezingentla, khangela udokotela wakho ngokukhawuleza. Uninzi lwezibonakaliso zomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamanye amazwe unomnye umonakalo, kodwa ezininzi zazo zibaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga kwakhona. Iimpawu zindlela yomzimba wethu wokusixelela ukuba into ayilungile. Kubalulekile ukuba ube nengcaciso, kwaye ukuba awuyiyo, cela kwakhona. Ukuba awufumani iimpendulo, cinga ukufumana umbono wesibini.
Abanye abantu baye banqikaza ukubona ugqirha ngeempawu zomdlavuza we-pancreatic ngenxa yesigama sesi sifo. Kuyinyani ukuba, xa kufunyenwe, ezininzi zala makhansela ziphezulu kakhulu ukuba zisuswe ngophenyo, kodwa kusekho iindlela zokwelashwa ezikhoyo. Ukongezelela, ukuxilongwa kwezi ngcingo ngokukhawuleza kunceda abantu kunye noogqirha babo ukuba banqande ezinye zeengxaki zesifo, kwaye ngokwenza njalo, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi nangona umhlaza ungakho.
> Imithombo:
> IiNtsholongwane ezikhoyo kunye neZiphuthumayo kwiCancreatic Cancer , i-Springer Verlag, ngo-2017.
> Khadka, R., Tian, W., Xin, H., no R. Koirala. Ingozi Yobungozi, Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuPhepha okuPhezulu kwiSiphumo soMbutho phakathi kweCancreatic Cancer kunye neSifo sikashukela iMellitus: Iinguqu kunye neNtuthuko, Ukuphononongwa. International Journal of Surgery . Ngo-2018 uMar 10. (i-Epub ngaphambi kokushicilela).
> Laquente, B., uCalsina-Berna, A., Caromona-Bayonas, A. et al. Unonophelo loNcedo kwiPancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. I-Clinical and Translational Oncology . 2017. 19 (11): 1293-1302.
> Sebti, J., Desseigne, F., noP. Saltel. Ukuxinezeleka kweProdromal kwi-Pancreatic Cancer: Ukuvavanywa kwangoku kweziGulane ezilishumi. Unonophelo loNcedo kunye nokuNcedisa . 2015. 13 (3): 801-7.