Ngaba uzibuza malunga nesilinganiso sokusinda komntu othile kunye nesigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu ? Sineenkalo ezahlukeneyo zamanani ezikhoyo, kodwa ngaphambi kokujonga le manani kubalulekile ukuthetha ngezinto ezimbalwa.
Izinga lokusinda lomdlavuza wemiphunga lihlukile kumntu ngamnye. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokunyusa okanye ukunciphisa la manani.
Sekunjalo, amazinga okusinda nawo kufuneka aqondwe. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iinombolo ezivela kuyo, kwaye kutheni zingaba zidukisa okanye zichaneke ngokupheleleyo, phambi kokujonga iinombolo zakho.
Ingakanani Imali yokusinda?
Imilinganiselo yokusinda kwengculaza yomlenze yinkalo yokuba bangaphi abantu abahlala benomdlavuza wamaphaphu emva kwexesha elithile. Ngokomzekelo, isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokusinda kwama-40 ekhulwini ukwenzela ukuba imeko iya kuthetha ukuba abantu abangama-40 ekhulwini, okanye abantu abangama-40 kwabangama-100, babeya kuphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu.
Xa uthetha ngomhlaza wemiphunga, oogqirha badla ngokusetyenziswa kwexesha lokuphila kwamanzi . Ukusinda kweMidiyani yimalini yexesha apho ama-50 ekhulwini abantu abaneemeko baya kufa, kwaye i-50 ekhulwini isaphila.
Imilinganiselo yokuphila komdlavuza womlenze yinkalo kwaye ayisaniki ukuqikelelwa okuchanekileyo malunga nokuba umntu uya kuphila ixesha elingakanani ngesifo esithile. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela izinga lokusasaza umhlaza wamaphaphu , okubandakanya impilo jikelele, isondo, ubuhlanga, kunye nezokwelapha ezisetyenziswayo.
Ukongezelela, ukuyeka ukutshaya kuboniswa ukuphucula ukusinda kwizigulane ezinomdlavuza ongasetyenzana wesifo somhlaza kunye nakwezinye izigulane ezinomdlavuza omncinci wamangqamuzana.
Ukuchaneka kweeRhafu
Akubona wonke umntu ohlala nomdlavuza wamaphaphu unomdla kwizibalo zengxoxo malunga namazinga okusinda. Abanye abantu bafuna ukwazi oko bangayilindela (ngokuchanekileyo oku) kunye nohlobo oluthile lomhlaza weemiphunga, kanti abanye bafumana iinombolo malunga namazinga okusinda aya kuphazamisa.
Kubalulekile ukuba abathandekayo bavelele oku kwaye bahloniphe iimfuno zabo zomthandayo ngomhlaza. Oko kwathiwa, nangona ungenomdla kwiinkcukacha, kukho izinto ongayenza ukuphakamisa iziganeko zakho . Ezi zinto ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, kunye neyeza zonyango ezifunyenwe ukwandisa ukusinda kwizifundo zophando, kwaye ezininzi zazo zilula, ezifana nokufumana inkxaso enamandla.
Ukubeka iNombolo kwiPhepha
Sinqwenela ukuba singathatha umntu ngamnye ofunda le nto eluhambeni ukuze abone indlela unyango lwemiphunga yemiphunga kunye nezindleko zokusinda ziphucula. Akulona ithemba lobuxoki. Kuyinyani ukuba kwiminyaka engama-40 yokusinda komdlavuza wemiphunga-ubuncinci isifo esiphucukileyo.
Nangona kunjalo kunyaka wokugqibela ukususela ngo-2016, izinga lokusinda kwisigaba se-4 sele liphindwe kabini. Akuzona nje izidakamizwa ezitsha kwaye zingcono kodwa kunokuba ziqulunqe kwaye zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa esilwa nayo. Khangela iifomati ukuba uyifumana iluncedo, kodwa ungalibali ukuba kukho ithemba.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukuPhucula amaRhafu
Kukho iinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuchaphazela amazinga okusinda kumdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ezinye zezinto zibandakanya:
- Ubudala - Ukusinda komhlaza wesilonda kungcono kwiminyaka emncinci kuneminyaka emdala. Oko kubalulekile, ukuba kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abantu abaselula abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu bavame ukuvavanywa kwisigaba esiphezulu sesi sifo (njengabantu abaninzi, kubandakanywa nabanikezeli bezempilo, abakucinga umdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu abancinci.)
- Ubundlobongela - Abasetyhini banomdla wokuhlaselwa ngumhlaza kumaphaphu kwinqanaba ngalinye lesifo.
- Uhlanga - Iifom zokusinda zibonakala ziphantsi kubantu base-Afrika baseMelika kunokuba baseCaucasian okanye baseAsia.
- Ezinye izimo zonyango - Abantu abanezinye izifo zonyango ezinzulu ezifana nesifo senhliziyo okanye isifo seemiphunga ayenzi ngokufanayo kunye nabaphilileyo.
- Indlela osabela ngayo kunyango - Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukunyamezela unyango lula kunabanye.
- Iingxaki zomdlavuza wamaphaphu - Zininzi iingxaki zomdlavuza wamaphaphu , ezinye zazo zinganciphisa izinga lokusinda.
- Ukutshaya - Ukuqhubeka ukutshaya emva kokuxilongwa komhlaza wamaphaphu kunciphisa izinga lokusinda kwaye kunokunyusa umngcipheko weengxaki ezivela kutyando, i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation kunye neyeza.
UkuHlalwa kweeRhafu ngokuHlobo
- I-Small Cell Lung Cancer - Imilinganiselo yokusukela kwiminyaka emi-5 yomdlavuza omncinci wamaphaphu omncinci (umlinganiselo kunye nokubanzi) i-6% kuphela.
- I-Can-Small-Cell Lung Cancer - Iminyaka emi-5 yokusinda komhlaza wesifo somhlaza wesifo esingaselula (zonke izigaba ezidibeneyo) zingama-18 ekhulwini.
- I-BAC (i-Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma) - i-BAC empeleni iyithuba elide kwaye ngoku liqwalaselwa njengengumzekelo we-lung adenocarcinoma. Inqanaba lokusinda ne-BAC libhetele ngakumbi kunezinye iifom ze-cell cell emfemm, kodwa ngakumbi xa ibanjwe kusasa kwaye iphela isifo sinye. Kwisifundo esithile, abo bafumaniswe ukuba bane-BAC kwaye babe neengcambu ezingaphantsi kweesentimitha ezintathu ububanzi, benomlinganiselo weminyaka emihlanu wokusinda kweepesenti ezili-100 kunye nokuhlinzwa. Isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokusindisa abantu abanezigaba eziphambili zesifo sifana kakhulu.
Ukusinda kwiiRhafu ngeSigaba
Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, amaxabiso okuphila awabonisi ukungafani kwabantu. Ukongezelela, gcinani engqondweni ukuba akusiyo wonke umntu onomdla othile wemiphunga yemiphunga enesifo esifanayo. Umhlaza wesifo samaphaphu unokukunceda ukukhokela unyango, kodwa kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweekritha kwisigaba ngasinye.
- Isigaba 1 I-Cell engeyiyo encinci - Imilinganiselo yokusinda iminyaka emi-5 kwinqanaba 1A Umdlavuza wamaphaphu unama-49 ekhulwini kwaye i-1B i-45 ekhulwini.
- Isigaba sesi-2 seSeli esincinci - Isilinganiso sokusinda esiphezulu sesi-2A umdlavuza wamaphaphu i-30 ekhulwini kunye nesigaba 2B somhlaza wemiphunga, iipesenti ezingama-30.
- Isigaba 3A I-Cell engekho encinci - Isilinganiso sokusinda kwinqanaba lesi-3A somdlavuza wamaphaphu li-14 ekhulwini, kodwa le nto iyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwee-cancer ezihlukeneyo ezichazwe njengeSigaba 3A.
- Isigaba 3B Isiselula esincinci - Umlinganiselo weminyaka emihlanu wokusinda kunye nesigaba se-3B somhlaza wemiphunga i-5% kuphela. Isikhathi sokusasaza kunye nonyango iinyanga ezili-13.
- Isigaba se-4 (iMetastatic) I-Cell engeyiyo encinci - Imilinganiselo yokusinda iminyaka emi-5 kunye nesigaba 4 somhlaza wamaphaphu ibuhlungu nje i-1% ukuya kwi-2 ekhulwini. Isikhathi sokusinda esiphakathi kwamalunga neenyanga ezi-8.
- I-Small Cell Lung Cancer - Imilinganiselo yokusinda iminyaka emi-5 yezigaba zombini wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu (isigaba esincinci kunye nesigaba esiphezulu) sisithuba se-6 ekhulwini. Ngaphandle kwonyango, ixesha lokuphila lobomi besifo esikhulu liinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezi-4, kwaye unyango luyiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12.
ILizwi
Ayikwazi ukugxininiswa ngokwaneleyo ukuba amazinga okusinda azininzi-kungekhona abantu-kwaye amanani kuphela achaza indlela umntu ayenze ngayo ngomhlaza wemiphunga esikhathini esidlulileyo. Ngonyango olutsha, ezi manani ziyatshintsha. Nangona uloyiko olusabekayo kwisigane sesine sesigulo, ndiyazi abantu abaninzi abantu abahlala kwixesha elide lomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Abanye balaba bahlala kwixesha elide, kodwa ke bahlala nje ngokuba baphando kwaye bafunda konke abakwaziyo malunga nomhlaza wabo (okanye abahlobo kunye nabathandekayo baye banceda) kwaye baye bazinzela ukuba banakekelwa ngumdlavuza ongcono . Akukho-oncologist ophilayo owaziyo yonke into yesifo somhlaza okanye zonke izilingo zonyango ezikhoyo. Ezinye zezi zivivinyo zekliniki azikho nje ukuphanda uphando kodwa zibanceda abantu bahlale bephila nomhlaza wemiphunga. Kukho ithemba elininzi.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Iingqinisiso kunye neengxelo zeCans 2017. https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/all-cancer-facts-figures/cancer-facts-figures-2017.html.
> INational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kweNtsholongwane yeNtsholongwane yeeLungile (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.
> Iparsons, A. et al. Impembelelo yokuCima ukuTshaya emva kokuSasaza kweNqanaba lokuQala leNgqungquthela kwi-Lung Cancer kwi-Prognosis: Ukuphononongwa ngokuSingqinisiso kweziPhononongo zokuHlola nge-Meta-Analysis. I-British Medical Journal BMJ2010: 340: b5569. Ipapashwe ngo-21 Januwari 2010.