Iimpawu, unyango, kunye nokuhlaziya
Isigaba sesi-4 somhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu (umhlaza wesifo se-lungast) sinomdla wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu . Phantse ama-40 ekhulwini labantu abasandul 'uvavanyo lokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga sele benesifo sesigaba se-4. Eli nqanaba lomdlavuza wemiphunga aliphilwanga, kodwa lonyango, kwaye ezininzi izilingo zeklinikhi ziyaqhubeka zijonga unyango olutsha ukuphucula ukuphila.
Sibanzi
Umgangatho wesi-4 wesifo somhlaza wesifo samangqamuzana wesifo samaphaphu sichaza isifo sepompho naluphi na ubukhulu obuye basasazeka (umgangatho wesinye) kwenye indawo yomzimba, kwenye i-lobe yemiphophu, okanye ihambelana nokuxhatshazwa kwamagama emfesane .
Iimpawu
Ezi ziquka:
Iimpawu ngenxa yobunzima bomzimba kwimiphunga efana nale:
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
- Ukuhlamba igazi (hemoptysis)
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Ukuthuka
- Buhlungu isifuba, umva , ihlombe okanye iingalo
- Ukuphindaphinda iziqulatho ze-pneumonia okanye i-bronchitis
- Ukugubha
Iimpawu ngenxa yokusabalalisa i-tumor kwezinye iindawo zomzimba , umzekelo:
- Ubuhlungu emva, emacaleni, okanye kwiimbambo ukuba i-tumor isasazeke kwithambo
- Ubunzima bokugwinya ngenxa yecala elikufuphi okanye elichaphazela i-esophagus
- Intloko, ukuguquka kombono, ubuthathaka, okanye ukuxhamla xa isisu sifana nengqondo
- I-jaundice (i-yellowing yesikhumba) kwi-tumor eye isasazeka kwisibindi
Kwaye iimpawu ezihlobene nomhlaza wesifo semitha ngokubanzi :
Unyango
Kungenxa yokuba isigaba somhlaza wesifo somdlavuza siphumelele ngaphezu kwemipompo kuthathwa njengingenakusebenza , oko kukuthi, ukuhlinzwa kungenakukwazi ukususa sonke isisu kunye nokunika ithuba lokunyanga.
Kodwa isigaba somhlaza wesi-4 somdlavuza sonyango. Kulabo abakwazi ukunyamezela i-chemotherapy, i-chemotherapy yendabuko, i- immunotherapy , kunye / okanye i-newer targeted therapies inokuphucula ulondolozo kunye nokunceda ngeempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga. Uninzi lwezilingo zekliniki ziyaqhubeka zikhangelelanisa iindlela ezintsha zokuluthwa, ukudibanisa i-chemotherapy kunye neyeza ekujoliswe kuzo kunye ne-immunotherapy. "
Ukunyangwa kwamayeza kunokuba kunconywe njengonyango olusisigxina - unyango olwenziwayo ukulawula iimpawu kodwa alubanga ukunyanga. Oku kunokuba luncedo kwabanye abantu ukulawula ubuhlungu beethambo (ngenxa yezidumbu ezisasazeka kwithambo), ukuphuma kumaphaphu, izikhumba ezivimbela umoya kunye nokubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane, okanye i-metastases yengqondo ebangela iimpawu ezibalulekileyo, ezinjengentloko okanye ubuthathaka.
Ngoku kuyacetyiswa ukuba zonke izigulane ezinepeniparcin adenocarcinoma kunye nabanye abantu abane- squamous cell carcinoma yemiphunga kufuneka babe novavanyo lwezofuzo (iifomula) . Ukusetyenziselwa i-subset yabantu abane- EGFR, utshintsho lwe- ALK , okanye i- ROS1 i-rearrangements medication efumanekayo enokunyusa ukuqhubekeka kokusasazeka.
I-Immunotherapy enye uhlobo olutsha lonyango lomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kunye neyeza lokuqala kulolu hlobo oluye lwavunyelwa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu ngo-2015. Nangona la mayeza angasebenzi kuwo wonke umntu, abanye abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ophezulu baye bafumana ukulawula ixesha elide babo izifo ngala mayeza.
Kubalulekile ukuxoxa naluphi na unyango olucingayo kunye noogqirha kunye nabathandekayo bakho, ngoko unokuyichengisisa ngononophelo iingozi kunye neenzuzo zonyango.
Prognosis
Isilinganiso seminyaka emi-5 yokusinda kwisigaba 4 somhlaza wesifo samaphaphu sinomsindo kuphela kwi-1 pesenti. Isikhathi sokusinda esiphakathi (ixesha apho iipesenti ezingama-50 ezigulane ziphila kwaye iipesenti ezingama-50 zidlulile) malunga neenyanga ezi-8.
Yintoni Ndingayenza Ukuze Ndizincede?
Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukufunda oko unokukwazi ngomdlavuza wakho wamaphaphu kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi, mhlawumbi nokuba nesiphumo sakho. Buza imibuzo. Funda malunga novavanyo lweekliniki. Cinga ukujoyina iqela lokuxhasa . Abaninzi bethu banqikaza ukuthetha ngemicimbi yokuphela kwempilo , kodwa ukuxoxa ngale ngagqirha kunye nentsapho yakho-nangona nonke nithemba ukunyanga - inxulumene nemizwa encinci yedwa kunye nomgangatho wobomi obungcono.
Ungalokothi ulahlekelwe ithemba, nokuba ukhe ukhethe ukungaqhubela phambili unyango. Ithemba lokwenza ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye nabathandekayo , ngokulawula kakuhle iimpawu zakho. Ithemba ngekamva labathandekayo bakho abaya kuhlala, bekhumbula ngeentliziyo zabo.
> Imithombo:
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> I-American Cancer Society. I-Cancer Cancer (I-Cell-Non-Small Small.) I-Cell-Non-Small Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival Rates. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-survival-rates.
> IKomidi eliManyeneyo yaseMerika kwiCarcer. I-Cancer Stage. I-7 Edition. https://cancerstaging.org/references-tools/quickreferences/Documents/LungMedium.pdf .
> Edge, S. et al (Eds.). Umqulu we-AJCC weScanscer Staging Manual. I-7 Edition. Springer. ENew York, NY. 2010.
> Faithi, A. noJ. Brahmer. I-Chemotherapy kwi-Stage esebenzayo ye-Stage engekho encinci ye-Cell Lung Cancer. Iimviwo kwiiTrracic and Cardiovascular Surgery . 2008. 20 (3): 210-6.
> INational Cancer Institute. I-Can-Small Cell Lung Cancer (PDQ). Isigaba se-IV esingeyona esincinci yeSifo seLung Cancer. https://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/non-sall-cell-lung/HealthProfessional/page12.
> INational Cancer Institute. I-Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment (PDQ) - I-Professional Professional Version: http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-sall-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.