Ngovavanyo lwe-PSA, iimpawu ezinjengomhlaza zibangelwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingekho komhlaza
I-Google igcina umkhondo wezinto ezifunwa rhoqo. Ekubeni umdlavuza weprotate uqhelekileyo, akumangalisi ukuba abantu abaphanda uphando okanye iintlungu "phantsi" kwindawo engaphantsi kwesisu esisetyenziselwa " iimpawu zesifo somhlaza wesibeletho ."
Umbuzo oqhelekileyo ohambelana nomdlavuza wesiqhwaga, "Ziziphi iimpawu?" Njengoko kunikwe ipapasho kwi-intanethi, nangona kunjalo, unokucinga ukuba umdlavuza weprotate unayo yonke impawu yeempawu : iingxaki zokuvuthwa kweenkozo, intlungu, ubunzima bezesondo, kunye neengxaki zengqondo.
Inyaniso kukuba kule nkqubo yanamhlanje yovavanyo lwe-PSA, umdlavuza weprotate awunayo impawu ! Umhlaza wesifo seprotate yinkqubo ephilileyo ngaphandle kokuba iphakamileyo kakhulu.
Ukufumanisa umdlavuza weProstate ngePSA Screenings
Ngoku ukuba sibe ne- PSA yokucoca , kuthetha ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba umdlavuza wesifo sonyango ungabonakali, kubandezeleke iingxaki ze-urinary, ubunzima kunye nezenzo zokukhangela, okanye nayiphi na enye impawu ehambelana nomdlavuza wesibeletho. Oku akuthethi ukuba abantu abanako ukufumana iimpawu zesifo seprotate kwizinto ezingabonakaliyo , ezifana neprotatitis , ukukhukhumeza okunyamezelayo, ukukhulelwa kwamagciwane, okanye izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo . Kodwa uvavanyo lwe-PSA lunokuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphina impawu ebakhoyo ivela kwinto engatshatanga kumdlavuza wesibeletho.
I-Cancer yinto eyoyikisayo kangangokuba ndiziva ndiphoqelekile ukuba ndinike ingqalelo kwingxelo yamanga ngokubanzi yokuba umdlavuza wesibeletho ubangela iimpawu. Ngoko ukuba umdlavuza we-prostate uqinisekisiwe ukuba awunayo impawu, ukucinga ukuba i-PSA iye yavavanywa kwaye yinto eqhelekileyo, kutheni i-website inikezela uluhlu olude lweempawu ezibangelwa ngumhlaza wesibeletho?
Unokwenza njani okungenangcaciso engalunganga?
Ngokukodwa, ezi zizaziso zibuyele kwixesha elide, lichaza imeko ekhoyo ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo lwe-PSA lufumaneke. Iimpawu abazibonisayo, ezifana nobuhlungu besithambo, utshintsho kwi-urination, ukukhathala, ubuhlungu be-pelvic, kuphela kubantu abanezifo eziphambili. Ezi website azivumeli ukuba amadoda anamazinga aqhelekileyo e-PSA (kunye ne-testosterone) akakwazi ukugcina izifo eziphambili.
Ndiyathetha i- testosterone kuba imeko enye apho umdlavuza wesifo seprotate ungaphuma ngelixa i-PSA ihlala iphantsi xa amazinga e-testosterone nawo aphantsi. Nangona iqondo elichanekileyo lokunciphisa i-testosterone, kunjalo, akunjalo. Kwaye akukho mfuneko ukuba ube nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze wazi ukuba amazinga e-testosterone aphantsi kangakanani. Iqondo le-testosterone eliphantsi ngokwenene lenza ingqondo yomntu ibe yindoda kumfazi. Uyeka ukukhathalela ngesondo ngokupheleleyo. Ukusabalalisa ngokupheleleyo kwe-libido kulula ukufumana ingqalelo yomntu kwaye kumenza afune ingqalelo yezokwelapha ukuqinisekisa ukuba kwenzekani.
Ekubeni ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA ngokukhawuleza kuphelisa amathuba okufumanisa umhlaza womhlaza wesifo seprotate, makhe sihlolisise inkqubo yokusebenza efanelekileyo yokuvavanya. Umda wePSA "awuqhelekanga" uhluka, kodwa ngokubanzi iPSA engaphezu kwe-4.0 kumadoda angaphezu kwama-60 kufuneka uhlolisiswe kwakhona. Amadoda amancinci anamazinga e-PSA angaphezu kwama-2.5 kufuneka ukuba aphinde ahlalutye.
Ehlabathini lam, esebenza njengomdlavuza womhlaza wesifo seprotate, kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba amadoda angaphezu kwama-40 anqumla ukuhlolwa kwePSA ngonyaka. Okumangalisayo kukuba kunjalo, amanani abonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba amadoda amaninzi enza impazamo yokungaboni rhoqo i-PSA yabo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana umdlavuza wesibeletho kwinqanaba lokuqala (umnwe kwi-test rectum inexabiso elithile, kodwa akuninzi).
AmaNts kunye neeBholts ze-PSA Screening
Ngaphambi kokuvunywa kwe-FDA yovavanyo lwe-PSA ngo-1987 (kunye ne-prostate biopsy ngaloo nyaka), ukuziphatha komdlavuza wesifo seprotate kwangaphambili kwakungekho mfihlelo. Ngoku, oogqirha bafumanisa kwaye baqikelele umdlavuza weprotate esecaleni kokuqala.
Ezinye i-PSA IiNqanaba ngaphandle kweSkrini
Ukudideka malunga ne-PSA inokuvela ngenxa yokuba ingasetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo ngaphandle kokucoca. Ukuhlola iyona nxaxheba eyaziwayo kwaye yinto enkulu.
Amadoda angaphezu kwama-200,000 afunyaniswa rhoqo ngonyaka ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwe- PSA . Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo. Omnye umzekelo wendlela iPSA inceda ngayo ukuchaza isigaba somhlaza emva kokuba umdlavuza weprotate ufunyenwe. Kubantu abanomdlavuza umgangatho we-PSA ungaphantsi kwe-10 udibene nohlobo olungaphezulu kolunye uhlobo lwe-prostate yomdlavuza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inqanaba le-PSA elingaphezu kwama-20 luphawu lwesifo somdlavuza wesifo seprotate. I-PSA nayo ibandakanya indima ebalulekileyo ekujongeni umdlavuza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphumelela kwezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo.
Ingxabano Ngokusebenzisa i-PSA ye-Prostate Cancer Screening
Ukuxilongwa kokulibaziseka kwe-prostate umdlavuza kwandisa ithuba lomhlaza osasazekayo. Ngako-ke, ngubani na onokumchasana ne-PSA yokuhlola? Ngaba ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili komhlaza kungalunganga? Okumangalisa kukuba, amava abonise ukuba i-PSA imele ingabonakali, iholele ekuxilongweni okungadingekile kwamadoda angama-100 000 ngonyaka anesifo esinokungabikho kanobungozi bokuqala esichengeni.
Oku akuyi kuba yingxaki ukuba inkqubo yonyango ikulungele ukubeka iliso lala khansa engozi. Ngelishwa, ngenxa yezi zicatshulwa zezifo ezibizwa ngokuba "ngumhlaza," oogqirha kunye nezigulane ngokugqithiseleyo zigqithise kwaye zikhawuleze zenze unyango olungadingekile, zibeka ingxaki ezinzima kwi-sex and urinary function.
Enyanisweni, ukuxhatshazwa komhlaza wesifo seprotate kuye kwaba yingxaki enjalo kangangokuba ngowama-2011, iqela leengcali ezixhaswe nguRhulumente, i- US Preventative Services Task Force , lanikeze isilumkiso esisilumkiso sokucebisa ukuba i-PSA yokucima i-screening ishiyiwe. Eli qela leqela lagqiba ukuba iindleko ezibuhlungu zamadoda amaninzi abonakaliswe ngonyango olungadingekanga lube lukhulu kuninzi lwabomi abasindiswa ngokuqala. Uninzi lwamagqirha enyango oluphambili lithathe le ncomo zorhulumente entliziyweni kwaye zenze isigqibo sokuyeka ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA yonyaka rhoqo kuba bakholelwa ukuba kubangele ububi ngaphezu kokulungileyo.
I-Multi-Parametric MRI Scans: Usindiso lwe-PSA Screening
Esikhundleni sokumisa uvavanyo lwe-PSA, kukho indlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa ukugqithisa. Ngelixa i-PSA ephakamileyo ibonisa ukuba into ethile ixhamle neprotrate, ayibonakali ngokukodwa ukuba ingxaki yunxulumano lomhlaza. Ezinye izimbangela zokuphakama kwe-PSA ngaphandle komdlavuza ukukhulisa i-prostate ngenxa yokuguga, ebizwa ngokuba yi-benign prostatic hypertrophy, kunye nokuvuvukala kweprotate, ebizwa ngokuthi i-prostatitis. Ayikho na yale miqathango inokwenza nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
I-PSA Elevation ukusuka kwi-Glands ezinkulu zeProstate
Iingqungquthela ezinkulu ze-prostate zivelisa i-PSA engaphezulu kuneentlobo ezincinci ze-prostate. Indlela efanelekileyo yokulinganisa ubungakanani beprotrate ngokusebenzisa ukukhangela. Ukufumana i-gland engaphezulu kunokuba yiindaba ezilungileyo, ukubonelela ngeengcaciso ezintle kwaye eziqinisekisayo sokuba kutheni iPSA iphezulu. I-PSA "yinto eqhelekileyo" xa ubukhulu beprotate kwi-cubic centimeters phantse amaxesha angama-10 ngaphezu kwe-PSA.
Umzekelo, indoda enePSA yabathathu kufuneka ibe ne-30cc prostate; xa i-PSA i-5 i-gland ifanele ibe malunga ne-50cc. I-PSA ayiqhelekanga ukuba i-50 ekhulwini ephezulu kunokuba ilindeleke, isekelwe kubukhulu beprotate. Umzekelo, i-PSA "engavamile" yindoda ene-30cc prostate yi-4.5 okanye ngaphezulu. I-PSA engaqhelekanga ye-50cc prostate ingaphezulu kwe-7.5. Kwindoda ene- 100cc gland , i-PSA iya kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kwe-15 ukukhankanya.
Kuze kube kutshanje, indlela yodwa yokuhlalutya kuzo zonke ezi zinokwenzeka ukugqithisa i-prostate izikhathi ezili-12 kunye nenaliti ye-biopy ukususa iiliti zee-tissue zokuvavanya phantsi kwe-microscope. Ngenxa yokwesaba okukhulu komdlavuza olahlekileyo, oogqirha abaninzi baye bancoma i-biopsy ngokukhawuleza nanini na i-PSA iphakanyisiwe. Amadoda ezigidi ezixhomekeke kwiUnited States minyaka yonke. Ukuziphatha okugwenxa mhlawumbi kwakufanelekile ukuba i-biopsy yindlela kuphela yokufumana umhlaza.
Ngoku siyazi, nokuba kunjalo, ukuba ukukhangela ukusebenzisa i-multi-parametric imagination resonance imaging (MP-MRI) ichanekile ngakumbi. Ubuhle bokusebenzisa ukuskena kukuba kuphela amadoda anenkqantosi engabonakaliyo efunyenwe yi-MRI kufuneka abe ne- biopsy . Kwaye kubalulekile, i-biopsy ingajoliswa. Kufuneka enye enye okanye ezimbini. Akukho nto yokuloba kulo lonke i-gland elinezikhonkwane zeenaliti ezingahleliwe! Amadoda anesicatshulwa esicacileyo angakuphepha yonke i-biopsy. Ukutshintsha umgaqo-nkqubo ovela kwi-biopsy engahleliyo ukuya kwi-MP-MRI isombulula ingxaki yokuxilongwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwindoda enePSA ephezulu.
Iprogram yePSA yokuHlola iProgram
Kunengqiqo ukuqala ukuhlola i-PSA ngonyaka kumadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-45. Amadoda enomdla wentsapho ye-prostate yomdlavuza okanye amadoda ase-Afrika-aseMerika kufuneka aqale ukuvavanywa kwangonyaka kwiminyaka engama-40. Amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 aphilileyo kufuneka aqhubeke nokuhlola .
Ngoko, yintoni inqanaba lokuqala le-PSA elifanele likhokele ekuqhubekeni? Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, amadoda amancinci aneenkcenkceshe ezincinci (ubukhulu beprotate bunokulinganiswa ngugqirha ohlolisayo ngomnwe) kufuneka ucinge ukuba wenze i-scan if i-PSA ingaphezu kwama-2.5. Kwindoda endala, ingakumbi ukuba i-prostate gland njengoko kuqinisekiswe ngumvavanyo womnwe mkhulu, i-PSA ngaphezu kwe-4.0 iyona mvume efanelekileyo yokufumana i-imaging (ukuba i-nodule ivakalelwa, ukutshekisha phambili kuqinisekiswe nokuba i-PSA iyinto evamile). Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-PSA luye lwagqithisa kakhulu amaphupha asendle kakhulu oogqirha abawafumene. Njengazo naziphi na izixhobo ezinamandla, nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kungakhokelela ekugqibeleni kunye nokulimala okungadingekile.
Yonke ingcaciso engafanelekanga kwi-intanethi ichaza ukuba yonke intlungu, intlungu, okanye ingxaki ekhoyo kufuphi neprotate ingabangelwa ngumhlaza. Inyaniso yokuba umbuzo ovame ukufunyanwa ngumdlavuza wesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo somhlaza, umqondiso wesifo somhlaza wesalathisi ubonisa ukuba uluntu lukhokelwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zokukhathazeka okungadingekile. Yazi oku: Ngethuba nje i-PSA iluhlu oluqhelekileyo, amadoda angakuqiniseka ukuba nayiphina impawu ezinxulumene neprotate ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka zivela kwizinto ezingahambelani nomhlaza. Uvavanyo lwe-PSA lubona umdlavuza wokuqala we-prostate umdlalo ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba xa i-PSA iqhelekile, umntu unokuqiniseka ukuba nayiphina impawu ezinxulumene neprotate zibangelwa esinye isizathu.