Isifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmary disease (COPD) sichazwa zibe zigaba ezine ngokuxhomekeka kwayo, kunye neCOPD esilinganiselweyo iboniswe kwisigaba II sesi sifo.
Ubume obubanzi beCOPD
Ukuba ufumaniswe ukuba unesimo esifanelekileyo se-COPD, ngokwe-Initiative ye-Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), umqulu wakho wokuphefumula (FEV1) ukuya kumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokunyanzela amandla (FVC)-njengoko ulinganiswe ngumvavanyo olula wamaphaphu obizwa ngokuba yi- spirometry - kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwama-70 ekhulwini; kwaye i-FEV1 yakho kufuneka ibe phakathi kwama-50 ekhulwini kunye ne-79 ekhulwini yemilinganiselo eqikelelweyo kubantu abanempilo.
Ukuba ufikelele kwisigaba II, mhlawumbi uqaphela izibonakaliso zakho-ngokukodwa ukuphefumla okufutshane kunomsebenzi. Ungase uqale uqaphele ukuba ukhwehlela ngaphezulu kwaye une-mucus engaphezulu kunokuba uyayenza.
Unokuzibuza ukuba i-Phase II i-COPD iyancitshiswa nayiphi na indlela eyahlukileyo kunezinye izigaba. Ngenhlanhla, i-GOLD inezikhokelo zonyango kuzo zonke izigaba zeCOPD kwaye njengoko isifo sakho siqhubeka, ukhetho lwezonyango luya kufakwa kwizame zokulawula kakuhle iimpawu zakho.
Unyango
Ezi zikhokelo zonyango ezicetywayo kwinqanaba lesi-II, i-COPD echanekileyo:
Ukuyeka ukutshaya
Kutheni uyeka ukutshaya xa usunayo iCOPD? Ukuyeka ukutshaya yinjongo enye yenjongo yokonyango, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kukude kangakanani na kwimeko yesifo. Ukuyeka kweli nqanaba kunokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukuqhubela phambili kweCOPD kukuvumela ukuba uphile umgangatho ophezulu wobomi kwaye uphile ixesha elide. Ukongezelela, kukho ezinye iindibonelelo zezempilo zokuyeka.
I-Flu ne-Pneumonia Vaccines
Izikhokelo ze-GOLD zincoma i-flu kunye ne-pneumonia vaccines kuwo onke amacandelo okunyangwa kweCOPD. I-Flu shots isinceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we- COPD ukukhushulwa , ngelixa i-vacneum vaccine ikunceda ukukhusela i-bacterial pneumonia , eyona nto ibangela ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD.
Bronchodilators ezimfutshane
Ama- bronchodilator amancinci athatyathwa ngokubhekiselele kwi- inhalers .
Imilingo efana ne-albuterol kunye neProventil isinconywa kwisiseko esifanelekileyo sokulawula iimpawu zeCOPD eziqhubekayo okanye eziqhubekayo.
I-Bronchodilators ende
Ama-bronchodilator asebenza ixesha elide ahloselwe ukunceda abantu abaneCOPD ukukhusela okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu. Ezi zonyango zongezelelwe unyango xa ufikelela kwisigaba II, iCOPD ephakathi. Ngokutsho kweGOLD, ukudibanisa i-bronchodilators ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo kunokusebenza ngakumbi kunokusebenzisa enye i-bronchodilator yedwa, kunye nemiphumo embalwa ngaphandle kokunyusa umthamo we-inhaler enye.
Imizekelo ye-bronchodilators eneendlela ezahlukeneyo zenzo zibandakanya i -beta-agonists esebenza ixesha elide njengePeromomist (formoterol), i-Arcapta Neohaler (indacaterol), ne-olodaterol, kunye ne- anticholinergics njenge-Serevent (salmeterol), i-Atrovent (ipratropium bromide) kunye ne- Spiriva ( tiotropium bromide).
Ukubuyiselwa kwePulmonary Rehabilitation
Ukuvuselelwa kwepulmonary kusetyenziswa lonke iqela lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukujolisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwakho. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba i-rehaby rehab inceda ukunciphisa iimpawu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, ukunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezenhlalakahle, kunye nokwanda kokusinda. Iprogram ngokubanzi iqulethe ukudibanisa uqeqesho loqeqesho, izondlo, imfundo kunye nokucebisa ukunceda ukufikelela kwiinjongo zayo.
Isondlo esifanelekileyo
Ukutya okunomsocoko kudlalwa ingqalelo xa uceba inkqubo yonyango. Ukutya okunomsoco kunokukunceda ukhangele kwaye uzive ungcono, kuya kukunika amandla angaphezulu okufunekayo ukuze uphumelele usuku lwakho kwaye uphefumle ngokulula. Ukutya ukutya okunempilo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokungenwa kwemiphunga , isizathu esivakalayo sokukhushulwa kweCOPD.
> Umthombo
> I-Global Initiative yeZifo zokuLungula (GOLD). IGOLD 2017 Isicwangciso-qhinga soBuchule, uLawulo kunye nokuCandwa kweCOPD.