Ukuqonda iinjongo kunye nemigqaliselo yokukhetha
Ukuguqulwa kwamangxube kusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abanomdla wokuphela kwesigxina obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) abahlangabezana nemigqaliselo ethile. Esi sifo sibalwa njengesigaba-sokugqibela xa iingxaki zokuphefumula kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla ziye zaba yingozi yokuphila, kwaye zonke ezinye iindlela zonyango, zombini unyango kunye nokugqitywa, sele ziphelile.
Konke kuxelelwe, malunga no-2,000 ukuguquka kwemiphunga kwenziwa ngonyaka ngamnye e-United States, ngokwemibare evela kwiScientific Registry of Transplant Acceptors eMinneapolis.
IiNzuzo zoPhando
Ukufakelwa kwamalunga kunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi nokubuyisela imisebenzi emininzi ixesha elide liphikisiwe abantu abahlala necandelo 4 leCOPD . Ngokwezigqibo, uphando lwangoku lubonisa ukuba ukufakelwa kwemiphunga emibini (ukutshintshwa kweemiphunga zombini) ngokuqhelekileyo kunenzuzo kwixesha elide lifaniswa nokufakelwa kwemiphunga enye.
Nangona ukuguquka kwemiphunga kungekhona, njengokuba kunjalo, ukwandisa izinga lokuphila lokuhlala ixesha elide kubantu abaneCOPD, umgangatho kunye nobude bexesha lokuhlala ixesha elifutshane liyaqhubeka nokuphucula. Ngokomphando:
- Phakathi kwama-80 ekhulwini kunye neepesenti ezingama-90 zabantu abaqhutyelwa ukutshintshwa baphila kulonyaka wokuqala.
- Phakathi kwama-41 ekhulwini kunye nama-52 ekhulwini aphile iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu.
Ukongezelela, iipesenti ezingama-66.7 zabantu abanokutshintshwa ngokubambisana banokukwazi ukuhlala iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-44.9 ekhulwini kuphela yeso sityalo esisodwa.
Ukhetho lwabaviwa
Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu uthathwa njengomviwa ukuba atshintshe imiphunga ukuba unokuphila iminyaka emibili okanye ngaphantsi.
Ngaphezu koko, umyinge weminyaka engama-65 ulungelelaniswe ukufakelwa kwemiphunga enye kunye neminyaka engama-60 ngokutshintshwa kwamanye amazwe. Izibalo ziye zabonisa inzuzo encinane kwithuba lokuphila okanye umgangatho wobomi kubantu abadala kunale.
Ezinye iindlela ziquka:
- Ukuba ne- FEV1 engaphantsi kwama-20 ekhulwini
- Ukufumana ingxaki engapheliyo (i-carbon dioxide ngokweqile) kunye nokuncipha kwegazi okwi-oxygen
- Ukufumana ingcinezelo yomshuwalulwazi wesibini
- Ukuba nomlinganiselo we- BODE Inkcazo engaphantsi kwe sixhenxe (ebonisa ixesha elide lokuphila)
Kungase kube nenye indlela kule manani, ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwimeko nganye. Ukhetho luya kubandakanya ukuhlolwa nokuba umntu uhamba ne-ambulatory, unesistim esinamandla, kwaye ukhuthazwa ukuba aphethwe unyango, uqeqesho, ukuyeka ukutshaya, kunye nokunye ukutshintsha kweendlela zokuphila ezikhokelela ekuhambeni nasekulandeleni ukuhlinzwa.
Abantu abane-operesheni yangaphambili yomphunga, njengophando lokunciphisa umthamo wamaphaphu (LVRS) okanye i- bullectomy , banokufaneleka ukuba banako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno.
Iingxaki zoPhulo-Post
Akukho nto ibonisa ukuba ukufakelwa kwemiphunga yinkqubo enkulu ebangela ingozi enkulu yeengxaki, kuquka ukufa. Ziyakwazi ukuba zihlobene nokuphefumula okanye ukungabikho kokuphefumula.
Iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuphefumula yizo ezichaphazela ngqo imiphunga kwaye ingaquka:
- Ukulimala kwe-Ischemia-reperfusion (umonakalo obangelwa xa igazi libuyela kwiimpawu emva kwexesha lokunyuka kwe-oksijini)
- I-Bronchiolitis obliterans (isithintelo sokuphefumula ngenxa yokuvuvukala okukhulu)
- I-malakia yomtsalane (i-windpipe ewayo)
- I-Atelectasis ( iphosi epholileyo )
- Pneumonia
Ngokwahlukileyo, iingxaki ezingenazo ukuphefumula zichaphazela ezinye izitho okanye zihlobene nezilwanyana ezikhuselayo ezikhuselweyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuthintela inqatshelwe . Nangona ukuxhatywa komzimba kukuxhalabisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlinzwa, abanye bangabandakanya:
- Sulelo
- Isifo se-Lymphoproliferative (esibangelwa ukuba zininzi iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphocytes, ziveliswa ngabantu abane-immune system)
- I-Lymphoma (umhlaza womzimba womzimba)
- Uxinzelelo lwengqondo
- Ukuhluleka kweengso
- I-post-transplant diabetes
ILizwi
Nangona ukufuduka kwemiphunga kuhlala kuthathwa njengesicatshulwa sokugqibela, ukuqhubela phambili kwezobugcisa kunye nokunyamekela emva kokunyangwa kukukhokelela kwizinga eliphezulu lokuphumelela kunanini ngaphambili.
Xa kuthethwa oko, ukunyamekela okufunekayo kuthathe kuthathwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba awuyikuqonda kuphela iindleko zonyango kodwa uqonde imingeni onokujamelana nayo kwiiveki, inyanga kunye neminyaka emva kokuhlinzwa.
Ingozi ingaba phezulu. Yonke into echazwe, malunga neepesenti ezingama-50 zabantu abafumana umpopu wokufakelwa kwemiphunga kumntu ongenakuxhasana naye baya kukhanyela ngokungaqhelekanga (ebonakaliswe ukulahleka komsebenzi wonyaka ngexesha leminyaka).
Ukuphuculwa kwezi ntlawulo kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekulawulweni kweengxaki. Oku kuthetha ukuba wena, njengesigulane, kufuneka uzinikezele ngokupheleleyo ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo ezifunekayo ukuphucula impilo yakho yonke. Ekugqibeleni, ungenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekuqaliseni impumelelo yakho yexesha elide.
> Imithombo:
> Aziz, F .; Penupolu, S .; Xu, X. et al. "Ukuguqulwa kwamathambo kwizigulane ezingapheliyo eziphazamisayo zezifo (COPD) izigulane: ukuhlaziywa okufutshane." J Thorac Dis . 2010; 2 (2): 111-6. PMCID: PMC3256444.
> Valapour, M .; Skeans, M .; Smith, J. et al. "I-OPTN / i-SRTR 2015 Ingxelo Yonyaka Yedatha: I-Lung." IJ J Ukutshiza. 2017; 17 (iSiza 1): 357-424. INGXELO: 10.1111 / ajt.14129.