Ukuchonga izizathu, iiNkuthazi, kunye neengozi
Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) , kunokubakho amaxesha apho iimpawu zokuphefumula ezinzima ziya kuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza. Siya kubhekisela kulezi ziphumo zokunyuka kweCOPD.
Ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD kuthethwa ngokuba kubangela ukuba kubekho imeko enzima. Nge-COPD, nayiphi na umonakalo obangelwa yimiphunga ihlala isigxina kwaye inokuphelisa ukukhawuleza ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.
Ngokuqonda oko kukubangela ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD, unokukwazi ukuphepha ukuphazamiseka okanye ukulawula kangcono impawu ukuba kwaye xa zivela.
Izizathu
Ukwelashwa kwe-bacteria kunye neentsholongwane zemiphunga (njenge- pneumonia ) yizinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangelwa i-COPD njengoko zibhema, ukungcola komoya, ukuvutha kwimizi enobuthi, ukuvumba okunamandla, kunye ne-algeneral airborne asergens, kunye ne-pet dander. Xa kuthethwa oko, malunga neyesithathu kweemeko, isizathu asifumaneki.
I-COPD exacerbation ijwayele ukuba yenzeke ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abathile abaphantsi okanye abahambelani nonyango oluchanekileyo. Phakathi kwabantu abanikezelwa unyango, ukukhushulwa kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ukuba:
- Ukutshaya akupheli ngokupheleleyo.
- Ii-inhalers ezifutshane kunye nexesha elide azisebenzisi kakuhle.
- Amachiza omlomo ayathathwa njengoko kuchaziwe.
- Umntu kuphela uncike kwiinkonzo zamachiza kwaye akanathathi inxaxheba kwiprogram yokuvuselela i-pulmonary pulmonary .
Ngenxa yokuba i-COPD ingahluka ukusuka komntu omnye kuya kwesinye, kufuneka usebenze nogqirha wakho ukuyila isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho kunye nendlela yokuphila. Akukho sisisombululo esisodwa-sonke isisombululo xa sifika kwiCOPD.
Iimpawu
Ngethuba lokukhushulwa kwe-COPD eqaqambileyo, imiphunga iya kuba nokuqiniswa kweendinyana zomoya, ukuveliswa kwemveliso ye-mucus kunye nokuvuvukala okubangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwamalungu omzimba omzimba.
Iimpawu ziquka:
- Ukuphefumula ( dyspnea )
- Ukukhwehlela okuphezulu kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-mucus ebonakalayo
- Utshintsho kumbala, ubungakanani, okanye inani le-mucus
- Ukugubha
- Ubungqina bebhokisi
- Fever
Unyango
Ukunyuka kwama-COPD kunokuphinda kuphathwe nge- bronchodilators yokunceda evula iivesi ze-airways kwaye unciphise ukuvuvukala. Ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasetyenziswa kuxhomekeke kwisigaba seCOPD kunye nobukhulu beempawu.
Phakathi kwabo:
- Oxygen unyango
- I-Glucocorticosteroids (ngokubanzi ifakwe kwi-flare-ups)
- Ukuphefumula okuphefumulayo
- Amayeza anokuphilisa nayiphi na intsholongwane ye-bhakteria
Kubantu abanezifo eziphambili okanye abo baneengxaki zokuphefumula ezinzulu, ukunakekelwa kwezibhedlele okanye ukunakekelwa kwonyango ekhaya. Unyango lunokubandakanya i-glucosteroids ene-intravenous kunye ne- ventilation engenayo (apho i-oxygen tube ifakwa kwi-windpipe).
Iinqununu zokuThusela eziPhambili ezi-10
Uthintelo luhlala luyindlela efanelekileyo yokulawula ukukhushulwa kweCOPD. Ukongeza kokuthatha amayeza akho njengoko kuchaziwe, unokunciphisa iziganeko zokugqithisa ngeendlela ezilandelayo:
- Yeka ukutshaya ngokubandakanya kwinkqubo yonyango ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukugonywa kunye neentlobo zokugonywa kwe-pneumococcal kunye ne-booster shots.
- Fumana umtsalane wentsholongwane wonyaka onokunciphisa umngcipheko wegciwane elibi ngamaphesenti ama-50.
- Ukuzivocavoca rhoqo ukuphucula i-cardiovascular and breathing capacity. Nangona uye wagula izifo, rhoqo umsebenzi owenzela umzimba unokuphucula kakhulu impilo yakho kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza.
- Yidla ukutya okunokulinganisela ukuba ulahlekelwe isisindo xa ukhuluphele okanye ukhulula xa unesisindo.
- Geza izandla rhoqo ukuphepha ukhuseleko.
- Gwema izihlwele ngexesha lokubanda nexesha lomkhuhlane.
- Jonga i-allerergist ukuba unyanzelekile kwiimeko ezihambayo zonyaka. Hlala ngaphakathi kwaye uvale iifestile ngexesha lokuphakama kwexesha elithile, uze uthethe nodokotela wakho malunga nokumisela i-antihistamine efanelekileyo.
- Ungaze uvumele i-inhaler yakho iphume . Qinisekisa ukuba zihlambulukile rhoqo ukuze zingagcini xa uzifuna kakhulu.
- Fumana ubuthongo obuninzi ukuze kugcinwe isistim somzimba wakho kwisimo esihle kakhulu.
Imithombo:
> Dhamane, A., Moretz, C., Zhou, T. et al. "I-COPD ukukhushulwa kwamanqanaba kunye nokusebenzisana kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yolondolozo lwempilo kunye neendleko." Int J Chron Vimbela iPulmon Dis 2015; 10: 2609-18. INGXELO: 10.2147 / COPD.S90148.
> I-Global Initiative ye-Lung Disease (GOLD) yokuVimbela ngokuSigxina. (2017) ISicwangciso soBuchule beSizwe soLwazi, uLawulo kunye nokuCandwa kweCOPD .