Ukunyanga Ukuphuza Ukunyamekela Ukunakekelwa kweVentilator
Emva kokuhlinzwa, wena okanye othandekayo wakho unokufuna ukuphefumula kunye nezinye iintlobo zonyango lokuphefumula ukukhusela iingxaki. Oku kunokuluhlula ukusuka kwonyango olulodwa kunye ne-inhaler kwi-ICU ukunakekelwa kwinqanaba labantu abagulayo abafuna i-ventilator ukunceda ngokuphefumula baze bakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwabo.
Ziziphi iiphropyraphira Therapists
Ezi zonyango zokuphefumula nezinye ezininzi zibonelelwa ngabaphefumli be-respiratory (RT), abasebenzi bezempilo abaqeqeshelwa ikholeji abaqeqeshwe ukuba banakekele imiphunga baze bafezekise icebo lokunyamekela ngokubambisana nalo lonke iqela lezempilo.
Basenokusebenza kunye nodokotela ohlinzeka ngononophelo kwisibhedlele, i-pulmonologist - ugqirha onobuchule bokunyanga kwimiba yemiphunga, okanye banokusebenza kulo lonke iziko lokunyamekela izigulane ezininzi zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Imisebenzi yeJob ihluke kwiziko ukuya kwisiko. Kwezinye izibhedlele, umphefumli ophefumulayo unokubonelela ngononophelo lokuphefumula, ngelixa kwabanye, banokwabelana nomthwalo womsebenzi kunye nabahlengikazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-RT inikezela ngamachiza athengiswayo njenge-nebulizer unyango kunye neyeza ze-nebulizer kwaye isebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye nabongikazi njengokuba umsebenzi wabo unokuthi ufumaneke.
Izizathu zokuthi unyango lwe-Respiratory Ufuna
Nawuphi na umntu usemngciphekweni wokuphuhliswa kwengxaki yokuphefumula, okanye ngubani oye wavelisa ingxaki enkulu yamapulmoni, uya kunyangwa ngumphefumli wokuphefumula kwisibhedlele. Izigulane zonyango, ngokubanzi, zisengozini enkulu yokuphefumula ingxaki kunomntu ngamnye.
Ukuba ngumoya ngexesha lotyando, kwaye inkqubo yokubuyisela ekutyeni kwandisa umngcipheko wokwenza izifo zamaphaphu kunye neminye imiba.
Uninzi lwezigulane zokuhlinzwa ezihlala ubusuku obunye okanye ngaphezulu esibhedlele emva kokuhlinzwa kunokulindela ukufumana unyango oluthile ngexesha lokuhlala.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zonyango zokuphefumula
Ulwaphulo lwe-oksijeni: Izigulane ezininzi zidinga i-oxygen eyongezelelweyo kwiiyure okanye emva kweentsuku ezilandelayo.
I-oksijeni inokunikezwa nge-canal, i-mask, okanye ngisho nangomphunga womoya xa kuyimfuneko. Isixa se-oksijini sihlala sihlengahlengiswa ngabaphefumli bokuphefumula.
I-Inhalers: Le yile miyeza ekhutshwayo , enye "ukukhukhuma" ngexesha. Ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ngabantu abane-asthma kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuvula i-airways, ukunciphisa imfihlelo kunye nokuvuvukala, nokunciphisa okanye ukuthintela iimpawu ze-asthma.
Unyango lwe-Nebulizer: Olu luhlobo lweyeza elinobuchwephesha oluthatyathwa imizuzu okanye iyure. Inceda ukuvula i-airways, ukunciphisa ukucasuka kwaye kunganciphisa ukuvutha. Iingonyango ze-Nebulizer zingasetyenziselwa ukunceda ukuhlaselwa kwe-asthma.
I-CPAP ne-BiPAP: Lawa matshini anceda isigulane singcono ukusebenzisa i-oksijeni ngokubamba ukuvula umoya. Isigulana sigqoke imaski esinceda ukuthintela iziqulatho ze-apnea, imeko eyenzekayo xa isigulane sifana ngokuphefumula xa silele. I-CPAP ne-BiPAP ingasetyenziselwa izigulane ezinezifo ezikhuphayo zemiphunga ezingaphefumli ngokwabo ngokwabo kodwa azigulanga kangangokuba zifuna i-ventilator. Imishini ye-BiPAP isoloko isetyenziselwa izigulane ezigulayo ezineentsholongwane zesifo somphunga, njengoko kunokunceda ukunciphisa inani le-carbon dioxide elinokuthi lwakhiwe emzimbeni.
Ukhuhlane kunye nokuPhepha okuPhezulu: Abaphefumli be-respiratory bafundisa lo mbandela kwizigulane ezinobunzima bokucima imfihlelo kwimiphunga yabo. Isigulane sithatha umoya ophefumlelweyo ngokulandelelana.
Indlela yokukhupha: Abantu abaye bahlinzwa ngokukhawuleza badinga ukukhwehlela, kodwa ukukhwehlela okunamandla kunokubangela ukuxhatshazwa kwiimeko, ngokukodwa ukucatshulwa kwesisu. Ukufunda ukukhwehlela kakuhle emva kokuhlinzwa , ngokusebenzisa ubuqaqawuli, kunokukwenza ukukhwehlela kusebenze ngakumbi kwaye kunzima kakhulu.
I-Incentive Spirometry: Esi sixhobo esibangela isigulane ukuba siphumelele ngamandla, esinceda ukuvula i-airways nokukhusela i- atelectasis .
Ukuphumelela: Kwizigulane ezingenakukwazi ukususa iimfihlo kwiindawo ezihamba ngomoya ngokukhwehlela, ukutshatyalaliswa kuya kwenziwa. Oku kuqhutyelwa ngokufakela ityhubhu encinci kwisixhobo sokutsala kwaye uyifake kwi-airway. Oku kunokwenziwa kwizigulana eziphefumulayo ngokwazo okanye ziphi na i-ventilator.
Ulawulo lweVentilator: Kwiigulane ezingakwazi ukuphefumula ngokwabo, i-ventilator ingafuneka. Kwiigulane ezifuna i-ventilator , i-therapists izakuchaphazeleka kakhulu ekunyamekeleni kwabo. I-RTs, kunye nabahlengikazi, banembopheleleko yokugcina i-ventilator kunye ne-tubing ehambelana nesigulane kumatshini, ukubonelela unyango kwisifo kunye nokunyamekela nomlomo.
ImiSebenzi yePulmonary Iimvavanyo: Ezi zivivinyo ezenziwayo ukucacisa ukuba imiphunga yesigulane isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Ezi mvavanyo zilawulwa ngumgqirha okanye omnye umboneleli kodwa zilawulwa yi-RT.
Iigesi zeGesi zeGesi : Olu luvavanyo oluqhutyelwa kwigazi elibanjwe kwisicingci esingazibona ukuba isigulane sithola i-oksijini eyaneleyo, ukuba siyaphumelela kangakanani, kwaye xa ifuna uncedo olongezelelweyo lokuphefumula kwi-BiPAP, CPAP okanye i-ventilator. Iingcali zokuphefumula kunye nabahlengikazi ngokuqhelekileyo zijongene nokudweba igazi, kwaye zidla ngokudlala indima ekunqumeni ukuba ngaba kungenelela.
Intubation: Kwizibhedlele ezininzi nakwezinye izibonelelo, abaphefumli bephefumula banembopheleleko yokubeka i-tube endotracheal, ityhubhu yokuphefumula evumela izigulane ukuba zifakwe kwi-ventilator. Ababoneleli be-Anesthesia benza loo msebenzi kwizigulane ezisebenzayo ukusetyenziswa kwe-anesthesia jikelele.
Imfundo: Izigulane ezininzi zifuna ulwazi malunga nenkqubo yesifo, ukuyeka ukutshaya, kunye nemichiza echazwe. Iingcali zokuphefumula zihlala zixanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba isiguli siyayazi indlela yokusebenzisa i-nebulizer okanye inhaler, ukukhuthaza ukuziphatha okufanelekileyo kunye nezinye iintlobo zemfundo.
> Umthombo:
> AmaZiko eNational Health. Ukuhluleka kokuphefumula kuthathwa njani. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rf/ ukunyanzeliswa.