Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kuyisihloko esibalulekileyo kakhulu kwizigulane zokuhlinzwa. Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, izigulane zihlala zixhalabele ukuba intlungu yabo ayiyi kudibana kwaye baya kubandezeleka ngokungenasiphelo emva kwenkqubo yabo. Ukulawulwa kweentlungu zokuhamba emva kokuhlinzwa kufuneka kufumane umgangatho ophakathi kokukhuseleka kwesigulane kunye nokunciphisa intlungu kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo nelibekezelelekileyo ngexesha lokuphulukana .
Inkqubo yisoloko ixanduva logqirha. Ubungcali babo kunye namava ekusebenzeni iinkqubo ezithile zibakhokela ngokubonelela ngokuchanekileyo imishanguzo enyamekayo yesigulane esifanelekileyo. Ezinye iindawo zokuzikhethela, ezifana neyeza zesibhedlele kunye ne-anesthesiology, zihlala zidlala indima ekulawuleni iintlungu ezifanelekileyo. Ukuze isigulane esinentlungu enzima ukuyilawula, ingcali yendawo yokulawula ubuhlungu ingabandakanyeka ngokunjalo.
Ukuqonda Ixesha "Ulawulo Lwezinhlungu"
Ulawulo lweentlungu lusetyenziswe ngeendlela ezininzi. Unokuva umntu esithi, "Siza kwenza ulawulo lweentlungu zibe ngundoqo xa uhlala esibhedlele," oko kuthetha ukuba bacwangcisa ukubeka ingqalelo kwiimfuno zakho zentlungu. Unokuva kwakhona, "siya kuxoxisana nolawulo lweentlungu ukukunceda ukulawula intlungu yakho," oko kuthetha ukuba uphando lweengxaki luya kucelwa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba ekunyamekeleni kwakho.
Ezinye izigulane ziyakuthi zitsho ukuba zifuna ukudluliselwa ekulawuleni ubuhlungu, oko kuthetha ukuba bayalelwe ukuba babone ubuchule bezobuhlungu njengezonyango.
Ubunzima obuphikisanayo nobuhlungu obungapheliyo
Ubuhlungu bubekwa njengentlungu ebuhlungu okanye ubuhlungu obungapheliyo . Intlungu ebuhlungu ichazwa ngeendlela ezininzi kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo intlungu engalindelekanga ukuba idlule ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu.
Iintlungu ezinzima zihlala zifutshane kwaye xa ukulimala okuphilisa intlungu sele kuphelile. Umlenze ophukile ngumzekelo omhle wobuhlungu obukhulu. Intlungu enzima ngexesha lokulimala kwaye inokuba yinto enhle ngelixa ithambo lisetyenzisiwe, kodwa liphucula xa kuphelelwe. Intlungu ingaba khona ngelixa ithambo lisiphulukisa, kodwa emva kokukhutshwa kwintlungu iphantse okanye ihambe ngokupheleleyo.
Iintlungu ezibuhlungu zingaphinda zibe yintloko, intloko, okanye intlungu umntu aziva ngayo kwiiveki ezilandelayo kwinkqubo yokuhlinzwa. Uluntu olunzima lukulindelwe ukuba luhambe, kwaye luhambe ngokukhawuleza.
Ubuhlungu obungapheliyo bubuhlungu besikhathi eside. Kuyinto intlungu ekulindeleke ukuba ikhona ezintandathu ezintandathu okanye ngaphezulu, kwaye ingasayi kuhamba ngokupheleleyo. Le ntlungu iya kuba yinkinga eqhubekayo kwaye inokufuna unyango lwentlungu ngophando. Kwezinye iimeko, kukho ukuphela kwintlungu, nokuba ngaba unyango lomzimba, ukuhlinzwa okanye ukuphucula kwisifo esibangela ingxaki. Kwabanye, njengezigulane ezifunyaniswe ngeentlobo ezithile zentlungu , okanye nomhlaza, kunokulindela ukuba intlungu iya kuba yingozi ngaphezu kwexesha.
Indlela Ubuhlungu Obuhlungu Nentlungu Engapheliyo Yenzelwa Ngokungafaniyo
Ulawulo lwezinhlungu luye lwaguquka ngokugqithisileyo kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, ngenxa enkulu yokwanda kwenyuka kwezinga lokufa kweengozi ngenxa yokugqithisa izidakamizwa kunye nemilinganiselo engakaze ibe yinto yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
Kwamanye amazwe, imirhumo yemilwa yeentlungu iyanqunywe kwiyeza ezintathu zokufumana unyango xa umyalelo unikwa ngumboneleli wegumbi loxakeka. Ulindelo kukuba igumbi lesiganeko liya kukunika amayeza anele ukuvumela ukuba wenze i-aphoyintimenti kunye nomboneleli wakho oyintloko okanye onguchwepheshe.
Ngokomzekelo, masithi umntu uphula umlenze wabo. Umlenze usethe kwaye uphonswe kwi-ER. Isigulane sinikezelwa imithi yesifo sengxaki iintsuku ezintathu, kwaye inikwe isigqibo sokulandelelana nomgulane wezilonda (ochwepheshe bezonyango) kwiintsuku ezintathu. Ukulindela kukuthi uza kugcina ukuqeshwa kwakho, kwaye ugqirha wezinzwa uya kulawula intlungu yakho emva koko.
Ubuhlungu obungapheliyo, okanye intlungu enokude, kufuneka iphathwe ngokusesikweni. Oku kuthetha umboneleli wakho oyintloko, unonophelo lwakho lwesifo okanye ulawulo lweengxaki lunikeza unyango lwakho. Ngaphandle kokuba ubuhlungu bakho obungapheliyo bunyuke ngokukhawuleza kwaye udinga uncedo lokulawula ukuba intlungu entsha kunye nokwanda kweentlungu-nokuba mhlawumbi ukuxilongwa kwintsholongwane okanye inkcazo yoko kutheni ubuhlungu bububi kakhulu-igumbi lokuphuthuma liya kulungele ukubonelela iiveki okanye iinyanga ezifanelekileyo amayeza kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ukuqonda i-Pain Scale
Ukuba unentlungu, lindela ukuba kubuzwa ukuba intlungu yakho ibe yimalini ye-0 ukuya ku-10. Kubantwana, isixa esisebenzisa ubuso obubuhlungu kunye nobomi obonwabileyo kusetyenziswa, ingakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5.
Ukulinganiswa kwesantya se-0 kuthetha ukuba awunaso intlungu. Ukulinganiswa kwesantya se-10 kuthetha ukuba unentlungu enokuthi ungeke ucinge ukuba ingaba yimbi kunokuba ikhona ngoku. Yiba neengqiqo xa usebenzisa lesi sikali somlenze. Ukuchaza ukuba unentlungu eyi-10 kwi-10 xa i-5 ingavakala njengengcamango enhle okanye indlela yokufumana unyango olungakumbi, kodwa oongikazi kunye noogqirha banomdla kakhulu ekuqwalaseleni iimpawu zentlungu. Ukulinganisela intlungu yakho kwi-10 kwi-10 ngelixa uhleli kwindawo egxininisa ukuthetha kwifowuni okanye ukutya i-snack yindlela ebalaseleyo yokubonisa ukuba awufanele uthembeke xa ubika izinga lakho lobuhlungu. Abantu abaneentlungu ezili-10 kwi-10 ngokwenene baxakeke. Olu hlobo lentlungu lithetha ngokukhawuleza uhambo oluya kutyando okanye kwi-MRI okanye kwi-CT, kuba into ephosakeleyo, ihlala isongela ubomi.
Xa sifuna izigulane ukuba zilinganise intlungu yazo kwaye zandixelela ukuba zineentlungu ezili-10 kwi-10, sitsho nje oku, "iintlungu ezilishumi kwiintlungu zithetha ukuba buhlungu kakhulu ukuba intlungu yakho ayinakuyenza ibe nzima, ukuba Kungcono ukuba ndichebe ____ yakho ngaphandle kokuba ndiqhubeke ndiziva intlungu apho. " Ngamanye amaxesha ubuhlungu bububi, kodwa ubuninzi bexesha isigulane sibonisa ukuba sisondele kwi-5 okanye 7. Iintlungu ezili-10 kwiintlungu ezili-10 aziqhelekanga, kwaye, ngelanga, ithetha ukuba isigulane siyagula kakhulu okanye sikhatywe kwaye udinga ukuhlinzwa ngongxamiseko njengokwimeko "yesisu esiswini."
Ubunzima Yilokho Umonde Otshoyo
Ngama-1990, ifilosofi entsha yolawulo lwentlungu yamkelwa. Abahlengikazi kunye noogqirha bafundiswa ukuba intlungu ibe yintsika yesihlanu ebalulekileyo kwaye intlungu yinto isiguli esithethayo. Incamango yokuba ukuba isigulane sathi intlungu yabo yayingu-10 kwabangama-10, ngoko siza kubaphatha iintlungu ezili-10 kwi-10. Olu hlobo lolawulo lwentlungu lukhokelela ukwandisa okwenyukayo kwimiba yeentlungu ezinokumiselwa kwaye zinikezelwa kwizigulane.
Ingcamango yangoku yesimangalo yolawulo lwentlungu kukuba ayinakwenzeka okanye ayinangqiqo kwezinye izigulane ukuba zingabi nantlungu. Okwangoku, iinjongo zokulawula ubuhlungu obukhulu abuyikususa intlungu kodwa ukunyanga iintlungu kude kube yinto ebekezelelekayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umlenze wakho ophukileyo uya kudla emva kweeveki emva kokulimala, kodwa awuyi kuba neentlungu ezingenakuxoxwa. Uninzi lwabantu lufumanisa i-2 ukuya kwi-3 kwinqanaba leentlungu elithandekayo lokulawula intlungu elibavumela ukuba bafikelele imini yabo, balale, badibanise ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzela ukuphepha ukunyuka kwe-pneumonia nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukuze banakekele iimfuno zabo ezisisiseko.
Intlungu engapheliyo, xa ilawulwa kakuhle, idla ngokuqhutywa ngenjongo yokulungileyo kumsebenzi obalaseleyo engqondweni. Ngokomzekelo, iintlungu ezingapheliyo zentlungu ziyakuthintela abantu ukuba bangasebenzi kwaye banakekele iintsuku zabo iintsuku. Injongo yolawulo lwentlungu ingabakho ukulawula intlungu kakuhle ngokwaneleyo ukubenza babuyele emsebenzini, bathabathe kwaye banakekele imisebenzi yendlu elula njengokuhlamba izitya okanye ukuhlamba impahla. Injongo ayiyiyo ukwenza isigulane singenabuhlungu, kodwa ukuvumela ukuba benze imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yemihla ngemihla.
Iinjongo eziphambili kwiCandelo loLawulo olufanelekileyo lwe-Pain Acute Emva kokuPiliswa
Ulawulo lweentlungu lunemiqondo emininzi ebalulekileyo enceda isigulane siphumelele ukulawula ubuhlungu obuhle kunye nomngcipheko omncinci weengxaki kunye nobomi obubhetele.
- Musa ukuthatha okungaphezu kokufunayo. Ukuba intlungu yakho ilawulwa kakuhle ngaphezu kweyeza zamanxeba, musa ukuthatha imishanguzo enamandla. Ukuba intlungu yakho iya kuphucula, umthamo wakho kufuneka uhla okanye uhlale ungaphantsi.
- Lawula intlungu yakho ngokufanelekileyo ukuze isebenze. Unako ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kuthetha ukukwazi ukuhamba, ukukhwehlela ngokufanelekileyo , kunye nokugqiba imisebenzi elula efana nokuhambisa.
- Injongo yokuba intlungu ibekezeleleke, kungeyiyo intlungu . Akukho buhlungu obungenangqiqo kwaye kunokukhokelela kumachiza amaninzi athatyathwa, okwandisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinzulu njengokunciphisa ukuphefumula nokugqithisa.
- Musa ukwandisa umthamo wakho ngaphandle kwentsikelelo yakho. Kungabonakala ngathi yinto efanelekileyo ukuthabatha amayeza amaninzi xa uxhaphaza ngakumbi, kodwa iingozi zidla ngokugqithisa imivuzo. Ukuba imithi yakho yeentlungu ayiyikulawula kakuhle intlungu yakho, xela ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wezonyango. Ukuthatha amayeza akho entlungu ngendlela engayimiselweyo kunokukhokelela kwimicimbi enzulu ngokuphefumla, ukuxilonga kunye nokukhutshwa konyango lwakho ngogqirha ngenxa yokungaphumeleli ukulandela imithetho.
- Zama ukufumana ukulawulwa kwentlungu. Isigulane esilindayo kude kube yintlungu i-8 ukuthatha imithi, inezinga lentlungu ye-3 kwiiyure ezimbalwa, kwaye ivumela ukuba intlungu ivuke kwakhona kwi-8 ngaphambi kokuthatha amayeza amaninzi iya kuba nexesha elinzima nakakhulu kunye nolawulo lwentlungu kunomntu osebenzayo ukugcina intlungu yakhe ngo-4-5 ngamaxesha onke.
- Ukuthintela okanye ukulindela iziphumo zecala . Ukutyunjwa kuyimpembelelo echaphazelekayo yamachiza e-opioid kwaye kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka okanye intlungu yangempela kwaye inokuthintelwa kunye nabancinci be-stool kunye nokutya kwamanzi amaninzi. Iyeza zonyango zingenza ubuthongo, ngoko kulindeleke ukuba ungaqhubi emva kokuthatha amayeza. Ukulungelelaniswa kwezi ntlobo zemiba kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kunye nokukhusela iingxaki ezingaphezulu.
Ukuba ishedyuli yakho efunekayo idibeneyo ujikeleza ukususela kwi-3 ukuya kweyesi-5 ukuya kwi-8 ukuya kwi-3 ukuya kwimihla, unokufuna ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga ne-dosing rhoqo. Akunakudingi i-dose ephezulu, kodwa amayeza amaninzi.
Eminye indlela eya kwiMithi yokuPhathwa kwePilisi
Xa abantu bacinga ngolawulo lweentlungu, bahlala becinga ngemithi yezilonda zentlungu. Imishanguzo yesigqirha ingenye yezindlela ezininzi ezibuhlungu zingaphathwa rhoqo imihla ngemihla, nokuba intlungu inzima okanye ingapheliyo.
Ngelixa unyango lweentlungu zonyango luyingxenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lwentlungu, abaninzi abaphathi beentlungu zengcali basebenzisa iintlobo ezininzi zokuphulukana nentlungu ukuze bancede izigulane zabo zisebenze.
Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi ezenzelwe ukunciphisa intlungu, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo utshintsho olunzulu ekudleni, umzimba, unyango lwezonyango, ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza kunye namanyathelo angenelelo kunokubonelela ngokukhululeka kwentlungu.
Amagama ambalwa malunga nokuLungiswa kweMithi yoBuhlungu
Xa unyango olusetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, ingozi yokuxilonga iphantsi. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zomlutha: ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Umlutha wezinto eziphathekayo kwenzeka xa umzimba wakho ujwayele ukuya kumachiza emva kokuwuthatha ixesha elide. Oku kudla ngokuqinisekileyo kwizigulane ezinentlungu engapheliyo kwaye zithatha amayeza abo njengoko zichanekileyo kwaye ziqhelekileyo xa zithatha imithi yeentlungu kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka. Kuba bantu, nini na ukuba banako ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza abo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo bancipha ngaphezu kweentsuku okanye iiveki ukukhusela ukuhoxiswa.
Ukulutha komzwelo kwenzeka xa umntu asebenzisa kakubi iyeza zentlungu aze athathe amayeza enzondo abayifuniyo. Laba bantu baya kuthatha amayeza enzantya ezingezizo zabo, bathathe amachiza amaninzi kunokuba abelwe, batyelele oogqirha abaninzi okanye amagumbi angxamisekileyo ukuze bafumane amayeza amaninzi baze bathenge amayeza kumashishini abamnyama. Aba bantu baphathwa ngokuphathwa ngokuvuselela ukubanceda ukuba bayeke ukusebenzisa kakubi imichiza yesikhumba.
Enyanisweni, abaninzi abantu abanomlutha wezonyango zonyango banomxube wokhathala ngokomzimba nangokomzimba. Banesidingo somoya sokuthabatha amayeza enhlungu, nangona intlungu engekho okanye iyanelisekile ukuba imithi yokudakisa imithi ayimfuneko. Kananjalo banomlutha womzimba kunye namava okukhutshwa ngokomzimba xa unyango alufumaneki. Ukubuyiselwa kudla ngokufuna uncedo lwezakhono, kunye nokucebisa kunye nokungenelela kwezonyango.
Ngubani onokufuna Ulawulo oluPhezulu lweePain?
Emva kokuhlinzwa, abaninzi abantu bafumana ubuhlungu obukhulu obulawulwa lula kunye neentlungu eziqhelekileyo. Bayakwazi ukubuyela kwindlela yabo kwaye babuyele ebomini babo obuqhelekileyo kunye nomgangatho oqhelekileyo womsebenzi, kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo ixesha alisayi kufuna imithi yokuhlungu. Le nkqubo inokwenzeka ngexesha leentsuku, iiveki okanye iinyanga.
Ulawulo lweentlungu lufanelekile kubantu abakhe kulindeleke ukuba babe nobuhlungu obunzima ukulawula, banokuncedwa yinkqubo yokuphulukana nesifo sengqondo njengento yokukhishwa kwamagciwane, okanye kufuneka badinga unyango olungaphezulu kwesigulane esiphezulu emva kokuhlinzwa. Kuba bantu, umboneleli okhethekileyo unyango lwentlungu unokuba ngu-godsend kwaye uya kunceda ukunciphisa intlungu kwizinga elilawulwayo. Abantu abanokuxilongwa kwimeko eyaziwa kuba buhlungu kakhulu, njengethambo kwi-bone arthritis engakwazi ukunyangwa ngokuhlinzwa, umhlaza, okanye intlungu engaphendulanga kakuhle ekusebenziseni ubugqirha nabo banyanisekileyo.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba ungadinga ulawulo lweentlungu emva kokuhlinzwa, kuyilungileyo ukucela ukuthunyelwa kwimbonogonyi yakho ukuya kumntu onomvandalo ocebisayo.
Ukuchonga abaSebenzi abaPhezulu boBuncwane
Intlawulo enobungakanani bentlawulo yinto enhle. Banobuchule ekuncedeni ukunciphisa intlungu, kwaye bazintle kakhulu ekunciphiseni umngcipheko ochaphazelekayo ngokuthatha imithi yeentlungu zeplaskotic imihla ngemihla. Abanikezeli abaninzi abaphathi beentlungu baqeqeshwa ekuqaleni njengabahlinzeki be-anesthesia, kwaye abanye bhodi baqinisekisiwe kwindlela yokulawula ubuhlungu okanye bazalise ubudlelwane boqeqesho olongezelelweyo.
Xa ukhangela umphathi weentlungu, ukhangele umntu oqeqeshekileyo ukulungiselela ukulawula ubuhlungu obukhulu. Umnikezeli wolawulo lweentlungu oqeqeshwe njenge-plastic surgeon kodwa usebenza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu kuya kuba yinto engavamile kwaye kufuneka uphando, njengoko kungenakuqhathaniswa nodokotela wenhliziyo ukuba asebenze ekulawuleni ubuhlungu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphepha iklinikhi yokulawulwa kweentlungu ezingenakuhlonishwa, gweba izinto ezilandelayo:
- Ababoneleli beentlawulo zenkcitho kuphela. Iiklinikhi ezisemthethweni zamkela i-inshorensi kwaye kaninzi iindidi ezininzi ze-inshurensi kubandakanya i-Medicare.
- Gwema iiklinikhi zolawulo lweentlungu ezijolise kuphela kwiimvavanyo zonyango. Kufuneka kube neendlela ezihambelana nokuphathwa kweentlungu, okufuneka zibandakanye izigulane ngaphandle kwemimiselo.
- Gwema iikliniki ezihlala ziguqula indawo, okanye zibe neendawo ezingabonakali njengeofisi yegqirha. Kufuneka kube nezixhobo zonyango kwiofisi.
- Gwebela iikliniki ezivakalisa kwiindawo ezingavamile, njengempawu zendlela ezisemgangathweni.
- Gweba iiklinikhi ezingabandakanyi uvavanyo lwangaphandle kwaye mhlawumbi uhlaziyo lwengxelo yezokwelapha ukuqala unyango lwakho.
- Gwebela iiklinikhi ezibonakala zingenomdla ngaphandle kokubona izigulane ngokukhawuleza kwaye zihambisa imiyalelo.
Iiklinikhi ezininzi ezisemthethweni zifuna ukuhlolwa kweziyobisi ngexesha lokutyelela, zifuna isivumelwano solawulo lweentlungu esibonisa ukuba awukwazi ukuthatha amayeza enzantya ngaphandle kwezinto ezimiselweyo kwiziko lolawulo lwentlungu, kwaye unokufuna ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kwiipilisi ezingenasiphelo apho kufuneka unikeze ibhola lakho kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24 zokukwaziswa ukuba iipilisi zakho zibalwa. Le nkqubo kunye neenkqubo zizonke ziqhelekile kwaye ziyamkeleka xa unyangwa kwikliniki yentlungu, kwaye zikhona ukukhusela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwemichiza yonyango.
> Umthombo:
> I-Specialty of Management Chronic Pain Management. https://www.asra.com/page/44/the-specialty-ch-chronic-pain-management