Oogqirha kwiqela lakho lezempilo
Ukuba uphathwa esibhedlele unokudideka yiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezisetyenziselwa oogqirha. Esi sikhokelo esheshayo kufuneka sincede sicacise indima nemigangatho yemfundo yabafundi abahlukeneyo kunye namagqirha onokubona ngexesha lokubhedlelelwa esibhedlele.
Kwiziko elikhulu lokufundisa, ungabona abantu abavela kubafundi bezonyango abangenayo iilenisi zelayisenisi, oogqirha ekuqeqesheni, kunye nabanye abaqeqeshwe ngokugcwele kunye nokulawula abanye oogqirha.
LeMfundo lezeMpilo
EUnited States, umntu kufuneka agqibe isikolo esiphakamileyo kwaye athole i-bachelor degree ngaphambi kokuqala isikolo sezokwelapha. Ukuze ufake isicelo kwisikolo sezonyango, umfundi kufuneka agqibe i-degree ye-bachelor kunye nekhosi kwi-biology, physics, kunye ne-chemistry. Kwezinye iimeko, isikolo sinokudibanisa inkqubo ye-bachelor kunye neprogram yesikolo yezokwelapha, kodwa ezi nkqubo ziphantsi kakhulu kunezinga lezakhono zemveli ezilandelwa yiprogram yezikolo zonyango.
Isiko lokufundisa siqhelekileyo isibhedlele esinikeza uqeqesho kubagqirha emva kokugqiba isikolo sezokwelapha. Izibhedlele ezisisiseko saseYunivesithi ziqhelekileyo izibonelelo zokufundisa, kodwa izibhedlele ezincinci nezibhedlele ezingabandakanyekanga nesikolo zingaba ziindawo zokufundisa.
Ugqirha noDokotela
Ugqirha unogqirha wezonyango, okanye i- MD okanye i-DO , oye wagqiba uqeqesho olugqibeleleyo ekuboneleleni ngononophelo lwempilo.
Ugqirha unokuthunyelwa njengogqirha. Nangona kunjalo, akubona bonke oogqirha abagqirha.
Umntu onomsebenzi we-PhD, njengesigqirha sobugqirha kwezoqoqosho, ubizwa ngokuba ngugqirha. Ngoko xa bonke oogqirha beogqirha, akubona bonke oogqirha abagqirha.
Abafundi Bonyango
Abantu abathile abakwizikolo zonyango bayabhalwa njengabafundi bezonyango.
Akhange abhekiswe njengogqirha okanye ugqirha de baphumelele kwisikolo sezonyango. Emva kokuba bephumelele, babizwa ngokuba ngugqirha nangona uqeqesho lwabo lungagqibekanga kwaye baya kuqhubeka befunda kumayeza anamava eminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuzimela ngokuzimela.
Zangaphakathi
Emva kokugqiba isikolo sezonyango, ugqirha ugqiba unyaka wokuqala wokuqeqeshwa kweziko lezonyango. Lo nyaka udluliselwa kuwo njengomnyaka wangaphakathi. Umfundi angenalo ilungelo lokusebenzisa iyeza elingenagqirha kwaye kufuneka asebenze ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokuqeqesha abhalisele kuyo.
Abemi
Indawo yokuhlala ilandela umnyaka wokufunda. Kule ngongoma, xa unyaka we-internship usugqityiwe kwaye uvavanyo lwesigaba sesithathu luye lwadlulelwa, ugqirha unokusebenza njengomsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Nangona usebenza ngokuzimela, uninzi lwabagqirha bakhetha ukuphinda uhlale kwindawo yokuqeqesha.
Indawo yokuhlala iyakwazi ukuhlula kwiminyaka emibini eyongezelelweyo yemfundo ukuya kwiminyaka eyisixhenxe yokuqeqesha, kuxhomekeke kwi-specialty. Ngokomzekelo, intsapho yokuhlala yokuhlala yayiza kuba yiminyaka emibini yokuhlala kodwa ukuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala kungadlulela ezintlanu, ezisixhenxe okanye ngaphezulu.
Bahlobo
Omnye udokotela oye wagqiba ukuhlala kwawo kwaye ukhetha ukugqiba uqeqesho olongezelelweyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ogqirha we- cardiothoracic uza kugqiba umnyaka wangaphakathi kunye nokuhlala kwindawo yokuhlinzwa ngokubanzi. Emva kokuhlala, babeza kugqiba intsebenziswano kwi-cardiothoracic, okuza kubonelela ngoqeqesho oluthe ngqo kwiinkqubo zentliziyo kunye nemiphunga.
Omnye udokotela ochazwe ngokugcwele okhetha ukwandisa uqeqesho olongezelelweyo, ubudlelwane buyakhethwa kwaye alufunwa ukuba asebenzise unyango, kodwa luyimfuneko yokuqeqesha kwi-subspecialty. Ukuze kucace, emva kokuhlala ngokugqithisileyo ugqirha ugqirha ngokufanelekileyo ukwenza utyando jikelele ngokuzimeleyo. Ulwalamano luyimfuneko ukuze uqeqesho oluthile, olufana ne- neurosurgery yabantwana.
Ukubakho
Udokotela oya kugqitywa uqeqesho lwabo kwaye uqhuba ngokuzimeleyo kwizodwa ezikhethiweyo. Eli gama lisetyenziselwa kwizixhobo zokufundisa ukuhlula ngokupheleleyo oogqirha bezinga eliphezulu abaphezulu abagqirha abasemagunyeni abancinci abasazalise imfundo yabo ephakamileyo. Kwinqanaba lolawulo lwabagqirha, ukuya kwiindawo eziphezulu kukuphela koogqirha abaphethe isibhedlele ngokwayo, ngelixa umfundi wezokwelapha usezantsi.
Ukubakho kwiintlanganiso kungathiwa ngamagqirha abasebenzi okanye ugqirha wokunikezela kwaye bangaqeqeshwa njenge-MD okanye i-DO.
Yintoni oya kwiGqirha
Ukuya kubakho kuthathwa njengengcali kwintsimi yezobisi okanye ukuhlinzwa. La magqirha abasebenza ngokusisiseko kwiziko elibonelela ngemfundo kubagqirha kwaye banokudlala indima echaphazelekayo kwimfundo. Umntu ohamba ngokuqhelekileyo unomsebenzi wakhe ngokwezikhundla zabo ezibandakanya ukufundisa abahlali kunye nabanye. Ukuya kwintlanganiso kunokujongana nokusebenza kunye nemfundo yabafundi bezonyango.
Uhambo oluqhutywayo, umzekelo, lwenza utyando njengenxalenye yomsebenzi wabo. Njengokuya, banokuba nabafundi basekhaya, abahlali, okanye abazalwana eklasini yokusebenza nabo, bebafundisa ngendlela yokwenza utyando. Basenokubonelela ngemfundo yesitayela semfundo, kwaye kaninzi baquka oogqirha ekuqeqesheni xa bejikeleze izigulane, apho kuthiwa oogqirha bajonga izigulane zabo imihla ngemihla.
Ukuya kusenokuba neenombolo ezongezelelweyo ezibonisa indima yazo kwimfundo yabangcali. Basenokuba nesihloko soprofesa, uprofesa onxulumene naye okanye unokuthi abe nguMlawuli kwiziko lezonyango. Ezi zihloko ziyakwazi ukuhluka ukusuka kwisiko ukuya kwiziko kwaye zihluka ngokusekelwe kwendima udokotela athatha kwiqendu lezemfundo zonyango, kwaye ubuninzi bomsebenzi wabo unikezelwe kwimfundo kunokuba zizimeleyo.
Iingubo ezimfutshane kunye neengubo ezide
Ngoxa kunjalo ngokwenene ukuba imfutshane ingubo, ukuqeqeshwa ngaphantsi komntu oyifumeneyo, umyalelo omncinci wengubo emfutshane ngokubhekiselele kwengubo yembatho ayikho. Iingubo ezimfutshane ezimhlophe zigqutywe ngabafundi bezonyango, abangenalo oogqirha baze baphumelele. Abafundi baphinde bagqoke iingubo ezimfutshane, kodwa kungekufutshane nje ngezo zigqithwe ngabafundi. Abahlali bahlala bembatha iingubo ezinde kunye neentlanganiso banxiba ingubo epheleleyo. Ezinye iinkonzo zempilo zonyango zigqoke iingubo zelabhu, kubandakanywa oogqirha, abaplobotomists kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo.
Nangona lo mgaqo-jikelele usebenza ngokwenene, ukukhethwa komntu ngokuqhelekileyo kubonisa ukuba ubude beengubo bugqoke (ukuba ubani unxibe nakwebonke) ngokuya kwiindawo, ngoko ukugqoka ubude akuyona into ebonisa ukuba yiyiphi inqanaba lokuqeqeshwa ugqirha. Inyani kukuba amayeza amanxiba enxiba nayiphi na into ayayikhethayo, kwaye unokubona omnye ugqirha ogqoke ijeans, omnye ugqoke iingubo kunye nomnye ugqirha ogqoke isambatho kunye neengubo ezimhlophe zelabhu. Akusekho sikhuselekile ukucinga ukuba umntu uhlambalaza, okanye kwengubo yembatho, ngumgqirha.
ILizwi
Kudideka kakhulu ukugcina zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoogqirha ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye zidideke ngakumbi xa kubonakala ngathi wonke umntu esibhedlele ugqoke izikrola zobuninzi bombala. Xa ungathandabuzeki, khangela ibheji yomntu, okanye ucele nje ukuba yintoni indima yawo ekunyamekeleni kwakho. Kuyamkeleka ukuba uqiniseke ukuba uyazi ngubani onikezela ngononophelo lwakho kunye nokuba zeziphi uxanduva lwazo xa unyango lwakho lonyango.
> Umthombo:
> Uqeqesho logqirha. Isikhokelo seMpilo saseMelika.