Ukuhlinzwa ngokubanzi, nangona egameni, ngokwenene uphando olukhethekileyo. Jikelele abagqirha abaqhubi nje kuphela ukuhlinzwa ngokubanzi kwezifo eziqhelekileyo, kodwa banomthwalo wokunyamekela isigulane ngaphambi kokuba, ngexesha, nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Bonke oogqirha kufuneka baqale uqeqesho lwabo ngokubanzi; abaninzi banokuqhubeka bejolise kwelinye ikhethekileyo.
Yintoni edibeneyo kwi-Surgery General?
Ngokwe-American Board of Surgery, oogqirha abaqhelekileyo baqeqeshwe ukuba basebenze kule:
- I-Tractary Tract (esophagus kunye namalungu ahlobene)
- Iisisu kunye neziqulatho zayo
- Isifuba, isikhumba kunye ne-Soft Tissue
- System Endocrine
Ukongeza, oogqirha abaqhelekileyo kulindeleke ukuba babe nolwazi namava:
- Unonophelo olusisigxina
- Oncology yophando
- I ngxaki
Ngaphandle kwegama elithi "jikelele", oogqirha abasebenza ngokuqhekeza ngokubanzi baseburhulumenteni abanezakhono eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwizikhalazo eziqhelekileyo zesisu ezibandakanya i-appendicitis, hernias , u- surgery gallbladder , i- gallbladder ne-intestinal. Oku kugxila kwisisu akusiyo yonke into, njengoko oogqirha abaqhelekileyo banokuzikhethela ngohlobo lotyando, njengokuphatha umhlaza okanye ukutshisa, oku kufuna ukuba ugqirha ukwazi ukwenza iinkqubo kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba.
Kutheni Kuthetha ukuba oogqirha bakhethe ukuya kwi-Surgery General?
Ngokubanzi oogqirha banokufunyanwa beqhuba ezininzi iintlobo zokuhlinzwa, kwaye ububanzi obuninzi bemfundo yabo benza ukuba oogqirha abaqhelekileyo benze iinkqubo ezininzi ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yabo.
Abanye banokukhetha ukuya kwi-specialty, kodwa abanye banandipha iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezenza umhla woogqirha oqhelekileyo kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kweenkqubo.
Abagqirha abaqhelekileyo banakho ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kwizicwangciso ezahlukeneyo, ngeentlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zeekliniki kunye nezigulane. Ngokwe-American Board of Surgery:
I-ogqirha jikelele oqinisekisiweyo kwakhona kulindeleke ukuba ube nolwazi kunye nezakhono zezifo ezifuna ukunakekelwa kweenkonzo ezingekho phantsi kwamanye amazwe, kubandakanywa nobuchule bobunkokheli. Abagqirha abaqhelekileyo abaqinisekisiweyo kufuneka babe nolwazi lweemfuno zeklinikhi ezizodwa zezi zigulane ezilandelayo zezigulane:
- Izigulane ezigulayo, ukubandakanya ukunyamekela kunye nokuphathwa kweentlungu; ukungabi niselo; i-cachexia kwizigulane ezineemeko ezimbi kunye ezingapheliyo; kunye nokucebisa kunye nenkxaso malunga nezigqibo zokuphela kokuphila kunye nokunyamekela.
- Izigulane ezigqithisileyo, ukubandakanya iziguliso ezixilisayo; amanyathelo okuphucula nokungahambanga nophando lokulahleka kwesisindo (i-bariatrics); kunye nokucebisa ngesigulane kunye neentsapho.
- Izigulane zokugulisa izigulane, ukuquka ukuphathwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo.
- Abantu abahlukahlukeneyo nabasengozini.
Ukuqeqeshwa njengophando
Abafundi bezonyango abafuna ukuba oogqirha baqale basebenze kwinkqubo yokuhlala yokuhlinzwa. Indawo yokuhlala yokupasa iqala ngomnyaka wokuqala, obizwa ngokuba ngumnyaka wangaphakathi, olandelwa yiminyaka emine eyongezelelweyo yokuqeqeshwa.
Ngexesha loqeqesho lwabo, oogqirha abaqhelekileyo kufuneka bazalise Iiveki ezingama-48 zemisebenzi yekliniki epheleleyo. Basenokugqiba uqeqesho oluthile kwenye i-specialty, kodwa akukho ngaphezu kweenyanga ezili-12 ezingasetyenziselwa ingqwalasela ebanikezelwe kuyo nayiphi na ingcali ekhethekileyo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa ngokubanzi.
Nayiphi na udokotela ogqirha osebenza kwizonyango ezizodwa, ezifana nokuhlinzwa okwenziwe nge-cardiothoracic, uqala uqeqesho lwabo ngeminyaka emihlanu yoqeqesho ngokubanzi olulandelwa yiminyaka eyongezelelweyo yoqeqesho olulodwa.
> Imithombo:
> IBhodi yokuPhepha yaseMerika. U qeqesho kunye noqinisekiso. KwiWebhu. 2017.
> Ikholeji yaseMerika yaseMagqirha. Jikelele utyando. KwiWebhu. 2017.